As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to grow in popularity, businesses are increasingly considering installing EV charging stations. Offering EV charging can not only attract customers and employees who drive electric, but it can also reflect a company's commitment to sustainability. However, choosing the right type of charging station—Level 2 or Level 3—depends on various factors including cost, charging speed, and expected usage. This article will explore these considerations to help determine which level of charging is best suited for different types of businesses.
Understanding the Basics: Level 2 vs. Level 3 Charging
- Voltage and Speed: Level 2 chargers operate at 240 volts, with the capacity to deliver about 12 to 80 miles of range per hour of charging.
- Installation and Cost: These chargers require professional installation, which can be cost-effective compared to Level 3 chargers. Installation typically includes upgrading electrical service to accommodate the 240V requirement.
- Use Cases: Ideal for workplaces, shopping centers, and hotels where vehicles are parked for several hours at a time.
Level 3 Charging (DC Fast Charging)
- Voltage and Speed: Level 3 chargers, also known as DC fast chargers, operate at 480 volts or higher and can add about 60 to 100 miles of range in just 20 minutes.
- Installation and Cost: These chargers are significantly more expensive to install and operate due to their high power requirements and the need for specialized, high-capacity electrical infrastructure.
- Use Cases: Best suited for service stations, roadside cafes, and locations near highways where drivers seek to recharge quickly and continue their journey.
Factors to Consider
- The average amount of time that customers spend at a location is crucial in selecting the right type of charger. Level 2 chargers are more appropriate for locations where cars can be parked for longer periods. In contrast, Level 3 chargers are suitable for spots where customers stay for a short time but need a quick recharge.
2. Business Type and Clientele
- Businesses like hotels or workplaces might prefer Level 2 chargers as vehicles stay parked overnight or throughout the workday, providing ample time for a full charge. On the other hand, convenience stores or roadside diners might benefit more from Level 3 chargers, appealing to travelers looking for a quick boost.
3. Initial and Ongoing Costs
- Level 2 chargers are less expensive both in terms of initial setup and ongoing operations. They are also typically cheaper in terms of the electricity costs per charge. Conversely, the high installation and maintenance costs of Level 3 chargers need to be justified by a high turnover of charging sessions.
4. Space and Infrastructure
- Space availability and existing electrical infrastructure can significantly influence the choice. Level 2 chargers are easier to integrate into existing buildings and parking areas, while Level 3 chargers might require additional space and significant electrical upgrades.
5. Environmental Impact and Incentives
- Some regions offer incentives for installing renewable energy technologies, including EV chargers. Companies should investigate local grants, tax breaks, or rebates that could offset installation costs. Moreover, Level 2 chargers are typically seen as more environmentally friendly due to their lower peak electricity demands.
