Charging Demand Assessment and Target Settings

In the planning phase of EV charging infrastructure, stakeholders must carefully consider both the potential charging demand and the associated constraints related to land availability and power supply.

The following points outline the initial steps of the planning process:

• ?Assessing EV Charging Demand: An important initial step involves evaluating the expected demand for EV charging, which is influenced by the current or projected number of electric vehicles on the road. This assessment serves as a foundation for determining the required infrastructure to support the anticipated EV adoption.
• Setting Targets for EV Charging Infrastructure: Regulatory authorities may establish targets for EV charging infrastructure deployment to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles. These targets provide guidance and serve as benchmarks for ensuring adequate charging infrastructure availability.
• Overview of Charging Provision Targets: This chapter provides an overview of the targets that govern the provision of EV charging infrastructure. It highlights the importance of aligning charging targets with broader EV adoption goals and policies.
• Methodology for Estimating Required Chargers: To estimate the number of EV chargers needed for a specific city or region, an assessment methodology is outlined. This methodology assists in determining the optimal quantity and distribution of charging points to meet the projected charging demand effectively.

Government of India Targets for EV Charging Infrastructure

Targets for the provision of EV charging infrastructure are not uniform across different locations due to variations in vehicle ownership levels and projected trends in transport electrification. Moreover, these targets evolve over time as the penetration of electric vehicles increases.

The Ministry of Power (MoP) and the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) have established targets for public charging infrastructure and EV charging in buildings, respectively. However, state and local planning bodies can adopt these suggested targets or set more ambitious goals specific to their regions.

In pursuit of sustainable and efficient transportation, it is essential for stakeholders to consider the evolving nature of these targets and align them with local conditions and objectives. By embracing appropriate targets and striving for ambitious goals, regions can effectively advance the development of robust and accessible EV charging infrastructure.

MoHUA Targets for Semi-Public Charging

Under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), significant amendments have been made to the Model Building Bylaws (MBBL) 2016, specifically focusing on the provision of EV charging infrastructure in buildings. The following bullet points outline the targets set by MoHUA for semi-public charging:

• EV Charging Provision: The amendments state that charging infrastructure must be provided for electric vehicles (EVs) at 20% of the total "vehicle holding capacity" or "parking capacity" within the premises of the building.
• Additional Power Load: Building premises must accommodate an additional power load equivalent to the total power required for all charging points to operate simultaneously, with a safety factor of 1.25. This ensures sufficient power availability for EV charging needs.
• Applicability: These amendments apply to all buildings, excluding independent residences, promoting EV charging infrastructure in a wide range of non-residential settings.
• Slow Chargers Provision: Specific provision norms for slow chargers (SC) are provided based on the number of EVs to be serviced, categorized by segment. These norms guide the installation of charging infrastructure suitable for slower charging needs.
• Optional Fast Chargers: While provisions for fast chargers (FCs) are not compulsory as per the amendments, their installation remains an option for building owners who wish to offer faster charging options.

These amendments serve as a pivotal step in promoting EV charging infrastructure integration within buildings, contributing to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles in a sustainable and efficient manner.

Assessing EV Charging Demand

To accurately estimate the requirements of public charging infrastructure, a comprehensive EV charging demand assessment should be conducted. The following steps outline the process for estimating EV charging demand and determining the necessary infrastructure:

1. Estimate EV Sales for Different Vehicle Segments: Based on target EV penetration rates, project EV sales for the horizon years 2025 and 2030. Categorize the segments into 2-wheelers (2Ws), passenger and cargo 3-wheelers (3Ws), personal and commercial cars, and other light commercial vehicles (LCVs).
2. Determine Daily Kilometers Driven: Utilize transport planning data or data from city development plans to ascertain the daily kilometers driven by each vehicle segment.
3. Calculate Daily Energy Requirement: Based on the average battery capacity and driving range of each vehicle segment, calculate the daily energy requirement for EV charging.
4. Assign Share of Charging at Public Infrastructure: Determine the proportion of charging that will be fulfilled at public charging infrastructure for each vehicle segment. Consider factors such as the availability of home or office charging options. For example, personal 2Ws and cars may rely on public charging for only 10% of their charging needs.
5. Calculate Daily EV Charging Demand: Using the information from Steps 3 and 4, calculate the daily EV charging demand specifically at public charging infrastructure for each vehicle segment.
6. Specify Charger Types: Based on the types of chargers available in the market, categorized by voltage level and power rating, identify the charger types that will serve the different EV segments.
7. Determine Charger Quantity: Assuming a charger utilization rate (e.g., 25%), calculate the number of chargers of different types required for the public charging infrastructure.

Principles of Location Planning for Public EV Charging

Location planning plays a crucial role in the development of an efficient and accessible public charging infrastructure. Whether conducted at the city or neighborhood level, it enables the identification of optimal locations for setting up public charging facilities. Key principles for a location planning framework include:

1. Maximize Accessibility

• Ensure ease of finding and reaching public charging facilities from any location.
• Consider areas with low estimated charging demand to provide a minimum provision of charging infrastructure.
• Improve EV charging accessibility through network planning, site selection, visible signage, convenient entry and exit points, and proximity to major roads.

2. Maximize Utilization

• Locate public charging infrastructure in areas with high charging demand to ensure maximum utilization.
• Consider parameters such as population and employment densities, parking availability, traffic volumes, and proximity to points of interest like commercial establishments, transit stations, or tourist destinations.
• Take into account the presence of other private or semi-public charging facilities in the area.

3. Minimize Cost

• Opt for a distributed charging network of normal power charging points to reduce infrastructure costs.
• Consider the cost of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), land, and power supply.
• Emphasize the affordability and efficiency of charging infrastructure by selecting cost-effective locations and minimizing the space and electricity required.

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