Carbon fiber materials

What is carbon fiber?

Carbon fiber refers to high-strength and high-modulus fibers with a carbon content of more than 90%. Carbon fiber is an inorganic fiber with a carbon backbone structure that contains more than 90% carbon and is formed by cracking and carbonizing organic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile (or asphalt, viscose) in a high-temperature environment. It has the highest specific strength among currently mass-produced high-performance fibers. The fiber with the highest specific modulus is widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, marine vehicles, new energy and other fields.

Classification of carbon fiber According to different types of raw fibers, carbon fiber can be divided into three categories: polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber and viscose-based carbon fiber. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber is less difficult to process than the other two types of carbon fiber. It also has excellent finished product quality and excellent mechanical properties. It is currently the most widely used carbon fiber with the largest output, accounting for 90% of the market. share above. According to the size of the tow, carbon fiber can be divided into large tow fiber and small tow fiber, which correspond to different application fields. Generally, 48K and above are called large tows (1K means that a bundle of carbon fiber filaments contains 1,000 raw filaments), which are mainly used in industrial fields represented by wind power; 24K and below are called small tows, and are mainly used in national defense and military industries. , aerospace, sports and leisure and other fields.

Advantages of Carbon Fiber

Lightweight design for easy movement – Carbon fiber is significantly lighter than many other materials used in manufacturing. Reducing the weight of a product or its components can improve speed, performance and energy efficiency.

Strength – Carbon fiber has a strength-to-weight ratio that is approximately 5 times higher than steel. The composite can be designed to be very stiff or flexible and have a better ability to absorb energy than most materials.

Durability – This feature is of course related to the strength of carbon fiber. In many applications, such as aerospace and automotive, reliability is critical and premature wear of components is impractical (or dangerous).

Heat resistance – Plastics often fail to maintain their shape or strength at high temperatures, while metals conduct heat too well, causing parts to overheat. Carbon fiber, on the other hand, is not good at conducting heat, making it critical for challenging temperature applications.

Cosmetology – Many people now recognize the “weave” pattern of carbon fiber, whose sleek, elegant look helps define high-quality, ultra-premium products.

Aerospace – As products fly farther and farther from the earth, the demands on the environment become ever higher. Aerospace manufacturers know they can rely on carbon fiber to handle the most challenging conditions.

Automotive Industry – Carbon fiber has replaced steel in many applications as lighter vehicles mean higher speeds, greater energy efficiency and lower CO2 emissions.

Military Industry – The Department of Defense has been using carbon fiber in its vehicles, defense (shields and armor) and offense (knives and guns) for decades.

Sporting Goods – Tennis racket frames are probably the best example of product evolution – from wood, to aluminum, to graphite, to carbon fiber. This is the most visible and fastest-growing category of carbon fiber equipment (bicycles, helmets, golf clubs, hockey sticks, and sports insoles like VKTRY).

In the context of today's rapid industrialization in the world, the uses of carbon fiber are becoming diversified. In situations requiring high temperature and high physical stability, carbon fiber composite materials have irreplaceable advantages. The higher the specific strength of the material, the smaller the self-weight of the component, and the higher the specific modulus, the greater the stiffness of the component. Precisely because of its excellent properties, carbon fiber has broad application prospects in both national defense and civilian fields.

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