Carbon Disulfide Monitoring in Mining
Xanthates are commonly used in mining processes, they in themselves are potentially hazardous, if precautionary methods are not followed. During decomposition Xanthates produce toxic, flammable, Carbon Disulphide (CS2), CS2 is also used to produce pesticides, rayon, rubber, cellophane and carbon tetrachloride.
The EPA states : "Exposure to carbon disulfide occurs mainly in the workplace. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of humans to carbon disulfide has caused changes in breathing and chest pains. Nausea, vomiting, dizziness,fatigue, headache, mood changes, lethargy, blurred vision, delirium, and convulsions have also been reported in humans acutely exposed by inhalation. Neurologic effects, including behavioral and neurophysiological changes, have been observed in chronic (long-term) human and animal inhalation studies. Reproductive effects, such as decreased sperm count and menstrual disturbances, have been observed in humans exposed to carbon disulfide by inhalation. Animal studies support these findings."
In addition to a strict handling protocol and necessary PPE, detection equipment for TWA and STEL is recommended.
NIOSH Recommended exposure limits are : 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) TWA, 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) STEL. Current OSHA Permissable exposure limits are : 20 ppm TWA, 30 ppm CEILING.
With CS2 having a gas response factor of 1.4, when using a PID lamp of 10.6 eV, a VOC detector is highly recommended, with TWA and STEL settings if possible. The portable Tiger Health and Safety VOC detector from Ion Science, records these values.
Anglo Platinum, PMR, Rustenburg, has implemented several Ion Science, TVOC transmitters, for continuous safety monitoring of their workers, in such hazardous zones. Each unit measures three ranges : 0 - 10ppm, 0 - 100ppm or 0 - 1000 ppm in one instrument and give a 4-20mAmp output. They are ATEX and IECEx approved, for safe use in flammable areas, humidity resistant and IP65 rated.
For more on the Tiger H&S portable, or this TVOC fixed unit, please get in touch with me on 011 704 7001.