Can Live Streaming Enhance Virtual Eco-Tours and Foster Better Biodiversity Conservation?

Orangutan. Chimpanzee. Black-winged Stilt.

Two recent stories about wildlife have inspired me to explore a question: Can we leverage surveillance cameras to conduct ecotourism more sustainably?

In physics, the observer effect refers to the disturbance of an observed system by the act of observation. This effect is also present in ecology. For instance, in studies of animal behavior, the presence of researchers can alter the behavior of the animals being observed, potentially affecting study results. Ecologists are aware of these potential biases and often employ strategies to minimize them, such as utilizing remote sensing technology to reduce the impact of the observer effect.

Herbal/Botanical Medicine Practiced by Non-Human Species?

A recent BBC Science article reported that wildlife scientists observed a Sumatran orangutan in Indonesia self-medicating with a plant-based paste to heal a significant wound on its cheek. The article includes high-quality videos and images that document the wounded orangutan creating the paste and the subsequent healing process over a month. This event marks the first recorded instance of a wild animal treating an injury with medicinal plants, showcasing the advancements in wildlife science and technology that deepen our understanding of nature.

The Impact of Ecotourism on Nature

The Guardian’s report from 2 May 2024 highlighted a concerning situation in Uganda’s Kibale National Park, where some chimpanzees contracted human influenza. Exhibiting symptoms like coughing and sneezing, several chimpanzees succumbed to the illness. This transmission of diseases from humans to animals, known as reverse zoonosis, poses risks to various species worldwide. Great apes, due to their close evolutionary relationship with humans, are particularly susceptible. The report sheds light on the potential conflicts between ecotourism and wildlife conservation. In Africa, great ape tourism is integral to conservation efforts, ensuring habitat preservation and local community support. However, this industry could inadvertently contribute to the extinction of the apes it aims to protect by exposing them to deadly human pathogens. Conservation through tourism is essential, but it must be approached with caution to avoid jeopardizing these vulnerable species.

3. Technology’s Role in Sustainable Ecotourism

The Hong Kong Bird Watching Society (HKBWS) and RoboticsCats are collaborating on R&D to investigate various technologies for wildlife observation and habitat management. One of our early successes involves using 5G-connected surveillance cameras to monitor migratory birds, providing insights into their behavior, particularly nocturnal activities. The experience of monitoring wildlife remotely has been invaluable. It complements onsite visits with 24/7 observation from anywhere, overcoming physical distance and weather challenges. Our surveillance cameras operate quietly and harmoniously with the environment.

Could we harness technology to foster more sustainable ecotourism practices? Imagine live streaming that brings the wonders of biodiversity to a broader audience. What about AI-based people-counting systems to manage tourist traffic? Or augmented reality that enriches on-site ecotourism and remote virtual tours with contextual information?

We invite you to share your thoughts and experiences on these possibilities.