CALCITE (LIMESTONE) IN WATER PURIFICATION, WATER TREATMENT

Calcite is a naturally-occurring mineral rock consisting of approximately 95% calcium carbonate and 3% magnesium carbonate. It is commonly used in residential and commercial water treatment applications to neutralize acidic or low pH water to reduce corrosiveness and balance pH prior to iron treatment. Calcite is slow-acting for controlled pH neutralization of low hardness water with a pH level ranging from 5.0 to 6.9.

Calcite is an increasingly important component in the professional water-treatment contractor’s tool kit. Calcite is not only used to increase the pH of acidic drinking water but is also used to re-mineralize water that is the end-product of Reverse Osmosis purification, decrease contamination from some heavy metals in waste and stormwater runoff, remediate water used in mining processes and activities, and as part of biofilter odor control systems.

One of the greatest advantages of calcite is that in addition to being very economical, it is self-limiting - it only corrects the pH enough to reach a non-corrosive equilibrium. As the acidic water contacts the calcite media within the filter, the media is slowly dissolved, adding both beneficial calcium and magnesium ions to the water and bicarbonate ions that neutralize the acidity. Since these ions contribute to water hardness, a calcite filter will increase the water hardness. Accordingly, a water softener is sometimes recommended following a calcite neutralizing filter, especially where the original water hardness was already in excess of 5 grains per gallon. Since water chemistry and temperature vary, it is difficult to predict exactly how much harder the water will become. Most often, the hardness will increase 30-100 mg/l (2-5 grains per gallon).

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