Bluetooth 5.3 Channel Classification Enhancement
Shivam Thakur
| Embedded Software Wireless Engineer @ Plume Design Inc. | Passionate to Create Solutions that helps to innovate the Innovation |
As mentioned in my previous article,
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Bluetooth uses adaptive frequency hopping technique to decide which channels should be used. However, this decision was taken by Bluetooth Central Device
Bluetooth Central decides, which channels should be used or which should not be used.
But Practically, there are now many Bluetooth Devices used. when Creating Bluetooth network, many devices which are Peripherals and part of a connection could have different RF environment
As per the scenario mentioned above, the Bluetooth Peripheral 1 is being interfered by Neighbour's Wifi, but Bluetooth Central is unaware of it. So the Channel Selection Algorithm, which is handled by Bluetooth Central will not consider the Wifi Interference experienced by Peripheral 1. and so more Packet collisions and degraded throughput will be observed by Peripheral 1.
This problem is solved by Bluetooth 5.3,
Ideally whenever Bluetooth Central experience any Interference by WiFi, it decides which channels should be used and which should not be used and so, Bluetooth Central executes the channel map update procedure. This channel map is updated across peripherals.
In Bluetooth 5.3, this channel map update can also be executed by Bluetooth Peripherals as well.
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In order to Implement this, Link Layer changes are done in Bluetooth Stacks, where a bit is allocated to FeatureSet Bit Mask.
The Bluetooth Central device's Link layer may enable, LE Channel Classification in remote peripheral which involves sending LL_CHANNEL_REPORTING_IND PDU to Peripheral device.
This PDU contains flag which indicates, weather Bluetooth Peripherals are allowed to send channel reporting. It also contains some timing related parameters.
If Peripheral is allowed to send channel reporting, then whenever a Peripheral device detects any wifi interference, it sends LL_CHANNEL_STATUS_IND PDU to central device based on Timing parameters.
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