Biweekly Research News Digest
This newsletter is designed to share with you research news in various fields where applications of gene sequencing can be found. It will share research findings from Novogene’s customers. By sharing insights from the most prestigious research teams, it is intended to call your attention to the latest applications of sequencing in life sciences and biomedical research and inspire your research.
Reconnecting with everyone in the Biweekly Research News Digest is truly delightful. In?this edition, a range of articles will be presented, each delving into different areas of study using mRNA Sequencing, spanning topics such as liver metabolism, cancer therapy, microbial adaptability, cognitive traits, and male reproductive health. These studies serve to not only enhance our comprehension of life sciences intricacies but also introduce novel perspectives and approaches for forthcoming medical interventions and healthcare initiatives.
Dual Knockout of NCoR1 and NCoR2 Reveals Unexpected Activation Role in Liver Metabolism
Nuclear receptor corepressors (NCoRs), working?in multiprotein complexes with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), primarily influences?transcription via repressive chromatin remodeling. Loss of HDAC3 in the liver leads to severe hepatosteatosis due to gene de-repression. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania revealed that the dual knockout of NCoR1 and NCoR2 in hepatocytes mirrored the fatty liver phenotype of HDAC3 KO and led to a significant reduction in glycogen storage and hypoglycemia. These effects arose from the unexpected loss of chromatin accessibility?resulting from the deletion of NCoRs that?prevented?glucocorticoid receptor binding and gluconeogenic gene activation. The research?highlighted?a novel activation role of?NCoRs.
Enhancing Liver Cancer Treatment: Nanozyme-Induced Cuproptosis and Ferroptosis
Thanks to their metal-driven cell death mechanisms, cuproptosis and ferroptosis exhibit potential in addressing liver cancer's resistance to apoptosis. Nonetheless, their efficacy is hampered by low copper and iron levels, a complex tumor microenvironment, and unclear interactions. According to a recent study published in ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, researchers designed copper-doped hollow Prussian blue (CHP) nanozymes loaded with photosensitizer indocyanine green?(ICG)?and O2-saturated perfluorohexane?(PFH)--termed O2-PFH@CHPI nanoparticles--to induce cuproptosis and ferroptosis. These nanozymes catalyzed?Fenton reactions, consumed endogenous?glutathione, and generated?reactive oxygen species in response to the tumor microenvironment. The researchers also specified the mechanism in which the nanoparticles helped to achieve a mutually enhanced treatment effect for cuproptosis and ferroptosis. This study?offered?a new possibility for cuproptosis/ferroptosis synergetic therapy.
Microbial Stress Adaptations: Implications for Stress Resistance?and Lifespan?of Host Organisms
Organisms face stresses?such as temperature fluctuations, redox imbalance,?and foreign substances. Adapting?to stress and maintaining homeostasis?are essential for survival. Aging is associated with weakened stress responses and changes in the microbiome, which lead to diseases. Animals and microbes coexist in the environment, with microbes evolving rapidly and potentially impacting host health during stress. The research team from University of Michigan?studied Caenorhabditis elegans?and showed?that the way in which the microbiota respond to oxidative stress influences the host’s lifespan and stress response. They found that?worms fed stress-evolved bacteria showed?improved stress resistance and prolonged lifespan and?this might be because?iron in stress-evolved bacteria activated?the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The study suggests that insights into microbial stress adaptations may help decelerate aging and mitigate age-related health issues.
KDM5 Gene Disruption and Cognitive Phenotypes: Insights from Drosophila and Human Neurons
Disruption of genes encoding the KDM5 family of transcriptional regulators is associated with intellectual disability (ID). A joint research team from the United States and the Netherlands characterized five Drosophila strains with missense alleles akin to those in affected individuals. These alleles disrupted neurodevelopment, cognition, and behaviors?while downregulating a number of ribosomal protein genes. Similar gene expression patterns were observed in human glutamatergic neurons lacking KDM5C, indicating an evolutionarily?conserved role?of KDM5 proteins?in?regulating ribosomal protein genes. In Drosophila, reducing KDM5 altered neuronal ribosome composition, mRNA translation efficiency for mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial metabolism. These findings?highlighted?KDM5’s?role in influencing cognitive and behavioral phenotypes?and as part of a protein network?producing cognitive effects by regulating?protein synthesis.
Exploring the Potential of NAD+ Precursors in Male Reproductive Health: Insights from a Mouse Model Study
In recent research, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursors (Npre) have demonstrated potential in addressing female reproductive issues. However, their role in male reproductive disorders remains?unclear. Utilizing a busulfan?(BU)-induced non-obstructive azoospermic mouse model, Chinese and Italian researchers administered Npre after the?injection?of?BU for five weeks. The results revealed that Npre restored NAD+ levels?in blood, protected spermatogenesis from the adverse impacts of BU, and partially reinstated fertilization capacity. The findings?suggested?that?Npre protected spermatogenesis against ferroptosis, possibly through SIRT2-dependent mechanisms. The research?underscored?Npre's potential in male infertility treatment and in fertility preservation in cancer patients.
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About Novogene
Novogene specializes in the application of advanced molecular biotechnology and high-performance computing in the research fields of life science and human health. Established in March 2011, Novogene strives to become a global leader in providing genetic science services and technology products. Novogene has set up operations and laboratories in the United States, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Germany, as well as in China, Singapore and Japan.
Novogene has served over 7,300 global customers, covering 90 countries and regions across 6 continents. It has cooperated extensively with many academic institutions and completed several advanced-level, international genomics research projects. By 2023, Novogene has co-published and/or been acknowledged in more than 22,850 articles in Science Citation Index, with an accumulative impact factor of more than 148,250.
Novogene's partners are worldwide and include more than 4,200 scienti?c research institutions and universities, more than 680 hospitals and over 2,400 pharmaceutical and agricultural enterprises. Currently, Novogene has obtained 356 software copyrights and 66 patents.
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