BIM technologies in customer service business processes. Commercial pricing classifier
Andrew Belkevich
Co-founder, CEO at Tangl | CEO BIM-Cluster | 14+ years in CAD & BIM
In the construction industry, implementing the information modeling technologies directly in the business processes of the Customer’s Department will allow improving the following procedures on a deeper scale: designing buildings and structures with the parameters that enable to receive consolidated cost estimates in an automated mode at various stages; monitoring and control over construction and installation works at any stage of the process; and creating a federated model.
1. Introduction
Currently the BIM technologies are used worldwide more and more, which, in its turn, allows to substantially increase the quality of construction project execution, shorten the time frame, and reduce the estimated construction cost that provides the customer with the opportunity to improve the effectiveness of a company’s activity within the construction industry. In this paper, the authors describe the process of implementing the BIM technologies in the activity of the Customer’s Department of a construction company and study the possibility of using the classifier with commercial rates for a qualitative transformation of the business processes using the BIM approach [1].
The subject of the study is a commercial pricing classifier. The purpose of the study is to decide on the estimated and engineering calculations for information models of buildings. The methodology of the study is:
2. Methods
The construction industry’s problems of ensuring the effectiveness of capital investments in the Russian Federation are constantly discussed by the top-level state authorities, including the Main Department of State Expertise. Conferences and round tables are held, and the enormous amount of work is being done in order to solve the problem [2]. The key stages of this are the following two – taking a decision on investments with detailed justification of the amount of the capital investments in a project and the design activities that also include obtaining the project’s expert review. This study was conducted using methods:
On the basis of the available literary sources, the authors processed and analyzed research data on information technologies in construction. Simulated the work of customer service departments to identify the need to create a classifier of commercial rates. According to the results of the simulation, an analysis was made of the existing needs and suggestions for a specific solution to a particular task [3].
The objectives of the work is to resolve the difficulties of the customer service. This issue is being actively developed by Glavgosexpertise and various project committees [4].
Currently, the main mechanisms aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of capital investments in construction are the examination of the state investment construction projects carried out by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation with regard to the effectiveness of using the federal budgetary funds, and the comprehensive technology and price audit of the largest investment construction projects and verification of the correct determination of the estimated construction cost carried out by experts. Actual mechanisms that are widely used nowadays have several drawbacks, which substantially reduce the possibility of taking weighed decisions in investing in construction of this or that object.
On the other hand, constant redistribution of powers among the competent authorities, the possibility to obtain a non-state expert review, and other approaches to evaluating the investment construction projects and their effectiveness do not undergo any significant changes. In practice, the increased focus is on the compliance assessment of the documents, while choosing essentially correct and profit-making decisions and their suitability for modern engineering solutions and technologies are left aside.
Besides, various experts note that the de facto project evaluation is usually started at the last preparation stage and the assignment is almost never evaluated in regard to the correctness of design and other input data. This is with the exception of such situations when the technology and price audit of the largest investment construction projects is performed. Currently, the obsolete base and index method is used for evaluating the cost of investment construction projects, as well as outdated itemized construction estimates [5]. The Main Department of State Expertise determines the project cost taking into account only the design and construction costs and does not consider further costs on operating the property, though sometimes such costs exceed the investments in project construction. In order to ensure implementing the principle of effective usage and investment of budgetary funds, currently the regulatory documents of the construction industry are being amended [6].
“Increasing the effectiveness of investing budgetary funds is planned to be achieved by creating a database with similar projects, implementing the investment justification, fixing the economic effectiveness criteria and evaluating the planned marginal cost of construction taking into account the construction price norms and the cost of similar projects, updating the cost standards and using the input cost assessment method instead of the base and index method, and developing the consolidated construction cost standards” [7].
However, the transition to accounting the operation costs and costs on construction object demolition using the information modeling technologies is in progress. Experience has proven that quite often the substantial reduction of construction costs for this or that object by using available materials, products, structures, and works leads to the necessity of large investments in maintenance and minor repairs of a building or a structure in future [8]. The increased construction costs due to using high-quality materials, process, and engineering equipment, as well as performing works with better quality will allow reducing the operation costs and extend the service life of a construction object [5].
3. Results
Within the current business environment a comprehensive solution is needed that provides for creating a standard framework for developing the mechanisms of evaluating all costs and creating new methods, standards, and classifiers. It is important to pass over to a new level of organizing works and to actively use the existing information regarding the projects that have already passed the state expert review - that is, to pass over to informatization and creating new information environment where an information model of an object can be created. The information model should include all the data required to take a decision on capital investments, the materials and the information about the objects. [9]
Transforming the business processes using the BIM approach will allow designing buildings and structures with any characteristics, forming various types of costs estimates by various methods, monitoring and controlling the construction and installation works at any process stage, and creating a federated model [10].
In a narrower sense, this will lead to the following [11]:
? Eliminating discrepancies and errors in detailed design documents directly at the design stage;
? Creating a method to transfer a part of the works from the Detailed Design Documents stage to the Basic Design stage, as well as from the Basic Design stage to the Sketch Design stage;
Developing the information modeling technology for the above-mentioned business processes requires an item-by-item analysis of the requirements thereto.
The Design block in the created software allows:
The following data sources are required for the operation of this system:
According to the results of using the improved Design block a customer receives the following:
Further on, Classifier of Structural Elements and Cost Estimate Creation blocks allow to obtain the following:
The Construction and Installation Work Control and Federated Model block allows to carry out the following:
The statutory regulation in the sphere of information modeling are developed quite actively. On March 6, 2018, Order No. 410 of the Federal Agency on Technical Regulation and Metrology established the Project Technical Committee PTC 705 “The Information Modeling Technologies at All the Stages of the Construction Object Life Cycle”, “pursuant to several provisions of the Action Plan to implement the evaluation of the economic effectiveness of investment justification and information modeling technologies at all the stages of the construction object “life cycle”, composed of many organizations, including the Main Department of State Expertise.
Currently, according to the proposal by the Project Technical Committee 705, the “National Standardization Program” for 2018-2019 includes 27 topics, among them the issue of developing of set of basic standards; proposals regarding the documents contributing to the development of the concept are accepted.
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“The PTC 705 Medium-Term Standardization Program provides for the standards that ensure the information security of the information modeling technologies (ISO 19650-5), the standards that detail the requirements to an information model at all stages of the life cycle of buildings and structures, and the standards that establish the methodology of using the information modeling by specific participants of the construction process (“role” standards)” [13].
4. Discussion
The information model of a building includes a large amount of various information. It is quite important that all this information is classified correctly. Consequently, when developing information modeling software classifiers must be created correctly as well. Correct classification provides the possibility to use the information model of an object in other software packages.
Standards for the methodology of forming the information on construction resources as a whole are planned to be developed for creating the construction resources classifier.
Currently, the following areas of using the classifiers in information modeling are identified conventionally:
There may be several applied tasks and programs that can work with the information model of an object, but for the transformation of business processes the following developing areas are a priority:
The calculation of the construction cost of a building or a structure is necessary for:
The construction cost calculation within the information model can be divided into several stages as follows:
From the technical perspective, the object construction cost can be obtained at any stage of information modeling. Yet, as is proven by the experience, no exact calculations can be made at the Basic Design stage as the model’s level of detail for the first calculations should be sufficient, that is, the model should include exact geometric reference, form, and orientation, the connection should be described, and the non-graphic information presented. Because of this, the construction cost calculation will be performed in a more accurate manner when the information model’s level of detail is higher [14].
On the other hand, it is quite often that the cost calculation allows verifying the information model for the degree of information filling and the flaws. When making calculations, several errors can be noted that were made in creating the information model.
In order to make estimate and engineering calculations according to a building’s information model the approved geometric parameters of a building are required, as well as the identification and classification of all structures. When obtaining the information on the composition of the object’s structures the exact classification of the construction materials used is of great importance, as are the types of rooms and a type of works.
Adopting the above-mentioned complex measures provides the possibility to pass on to a new level of taking decisions on capital investments in construction, correct planning, coordination, and further use of a construction object [15].
In order to reform the construction industry and assist in carrying out business processes in a reasonable manner, unified information environment should be created, a takeoff in developing information systems should be performed, and the formats of electronic documents should be improved for all investment construction projects.
5. Conclusions
References
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