Bile acids functions on shrimp molting and growth performance

During abnormal molting phase, shrimps will have weak conditions such as soft shells and slow growth. These phenomenon have happened mainly due to lack of nutrition, lack of calcium source or some bacterial infections. The soft shell by bacterial infection is usually accompanied by abnormal body color, muscle turbidity, red body, etc.

Shrimps need a?well balanced diet to accumulate considerable energy before molting. Each molting is the weakest period of the shrimp body. It is easy to infect on shell by the pathogen. The application of bile acids as a feed additive in regular intervals, the bile acid starts synthesis of nutrition rapidly and prevents the soft shell, abnormal molting, shell problems etc in shrimp’s body.

Growth Phase & Frequency of Molting:?Shrimp’s molting activities are affected by endogenous and exogenous factors. The tissue growth of shrimp is conducted after molting and each absorbent enlargement after molting process. This is a major process of volume increase, followed by is a process of organizational growth.

The main endogenous factors mainly molting hormone (MIH) level effect of molting times on shrimp. Shrimp can use cholesterol from feed to synthesize molt ketone.?The shrimp is capable of synthesizing cholesterol which can only be obtained from feed.

Therefore, in order to accelerate the speed of growth and metamorphosis, the use of bile acids has become an important tool to improve the molt frequency on shrimp. The bile acids can significantly promote the growth of shrimp.

Improve the Survival Rate:?The bile acids improve the survival rate in shrimp due to proper development of immunity systems in body, utilization of nutrition, lower mortality rate etc. The bile acid also has strong anti-stress ability and it improves the level of SOD, GSH-Px and GR.

Control of WFS by Using Bile Acids:?White fecal Syndromes (WFS) & White Gut disease in shrimp causes due to infection to hepatopancreas by pathogens in different sources. The long-term addition of bile acids in shrimp diet, the bile acids protect the hepatopancreas from the fundamental prevention of shrimp affected on WFS

Prevents Hepatopancreas Necrosis (EMS/HPNS):?The Vibrio parahaemolyticus, harmful physicochemical factors of pond and toxic algae are the direct cause of shrimp hepatopancreas necrosis. Also, the following factors are responsible for this disease like disorders of ecological farming system, low stress resistance, high load of harmful pathogens and toxic algae. The regular feeding with bile acid to shrimp, the hepatopancreas can be protected and prevented from infections.

Sustainable Shrimp Culture Practice with Bile Acids

The feed is the biggest source of nutrient loading in aquaculture production and its impact is essential for sustainable development, either intensive or semi-intensive. This will help reduce negative impacts and improve predictability of environmental effects.

Nutrition and feeding will play an essential role in the sustained development of shrimp culture practice. Growth, health and reproduction of shrimp and other aquatic animals are primarily dependent upon an adequate supply of nutrient, both in terms of quantity and quality, irrespective of the culture system in which they are grown. Supply of inputs (feeds, feed additives etc.) has to be ensured so that the nutrients and energy requirements of the species under cultivation are met and the production goals of the system are achieved.

The dietary supplementation of exogenous bile acids as a feed additive in shrimp diets can effectively improve the utilization and digestibility of fat, provide fat with more energy.?Bile acids help to improve growth performance, lower feed costs, sustain feed quality, reduce fat deposit in the liver, prevent fatty liver, bind to endotoxins, eliminate endotoxins out of the body and protect the intestine and liver health.

Feed additives?“bile acid”?contribute?to sustainable aquaculture by supporting profitability, feed efficiency, water/pond quality, pellet quality and support health performances. Bile acids lead?to many of the factors involved in sustainable culture practice such as improved feed efficiency, lowers feed?costs and reduced environmental discharges. Also, bile acid feed additives make?mycotoxin risk management solutions for profitable and sustainable aquaculture.