History Of Artificial Intelligence Research

In the middle of the 20th century, a few scientists began to explore a new approach to building intelligent machines, based on modern discoveries in neuroscience, new mathematical theory of information, the evolution of autodontics, and above all, by inventing a digital computer, The process of mathematical thinking. 

He founded the modern field of artificial intelligence research at a conference at the Dartmouth College campus in the summer of 1956. They have been the leaders of artificial intelligence research for decades, especially John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Allen Noel and Herbert Simon, who founded artificial intelligence laboratories at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford. Their students wrote programs that amazed most people. ] The computer solved questions of algebra, established logical theories, and spoke English. By the mid-1960s, research had been generously funded by the US Department of Defense. These researchers have the following expectations:

1965, e. a. Simon: "In twenty years' time, the machines will be able to do whatever man can do." 

In 1967, Marvin Mensky: "Within a generation ... the problem of artificial intelligence creation will be largely resolved." 

But they failed to realize the difficulty of some of the problems they faced. In 1974, in response to Sir James Lighthill's criticism of England and the ongoing pressure from Congress to fund more productive projects, the US and British governments cut funding for all non-directed artificial intelligence research, the first setback in artificial intelligence research. 

In the early 1980s, artificial intelligence research saw a new awakening through the commercial success of "expert systems", an artificial intelligence program that simulates the knowledge and analytical skills of one or more human experts. By 1985, artificial intelligence research revenue in the market had reached more than $ 1 billion, and governments had started funding again. A few years later, from the collapse of the Lisp Machine market (one of the programming languages) in 1987, artificial intelligence research has seen a further but longer setback. 

In the 1990s and early 21st century, artificial intelligence achieved greater successes, albeit somewhat behind the scenes. Artificial intelligence is used in logistics, data extraction, medical diagnostics and many other areas throughout the technology industry. The success is due to several factors: the great power of computers today (see Moore's Law), increased focus on solving specific sub-problems, and the creation of new relationships between artificial intelligence and other areas of work in similar problems. And strict scientific standards.