Best Practices for Video Game Localization

Why Localization is Essential to the Gaming Industry

Once considered a niche interest, video games have exploded in popularity over the past few decades. Today, the video game sector is growing year after year, with revenues surpassing the combined might of the music and movie industries.??

According to Statista, the video game market was expected to reach revenues of more than $396.2 billion in 2023. By 2027, revenues are expected to soar beyond $533 billion.??

Today, there are an estimated 3.02 billion video game users worldwide, most of which are mobile gamers. Rising numbers of gamers aren’t exclusive to just one place, either – gamers have become widespread across various international markets.

As revealed in our 2023 Gaming Localization Study, 64% of the top 50 gaming websites receive more than half of their website traffic from foreign countries. Furthermore, 20 of the top 50 gaming websites in the world belong to brands based in Asian countries, including South Korea, Japan, China, and Singapore.??

What Is Video Game Localization?

Video game localization is the intricate process of adapting content’s essence for a new region. This encompasses translation, associated visuals, and cultural nuances that shape how the content is perceived. In gaming, the primary aim is to retain the game’s tone, style, and user experience. Various game elements require translation:

• User interface information like player stats, location and item names.
• Character dialogues and NPC prompts.
• Quest texts to guide players.
• In-game announcements, including multiplayer.
• Instructions for player interactions.
• Subtitles, especially in cut-scenes.

A poor translation can shatter immersion, as seen in the infamous “All Your Base Are Belong To Us” mishap. This underlines the vital role of accurate localization, which demands more than machine translation for quality outcomes.

Getting your video game localization right will open up new global markets and opportunities. To help you successfully localize your video game, our experts have put together 10 best practices for game localization.

1. Take cultural norms into account

A huge international audience speaks the universal “language” of gaming. Ideally, your game will find its place among the international gaming audience, across different regions that are diverse in language, belief systems, religions, and traditions. Right from the first design steps, localization should consider cultural references such as salutations, currencies, date and time formats, and the careful use of colloquial language.

History and cultural symbols are also important to consider. Video games based on Norse mythology, for example, are very popular in Europe and the States. They are, however, unlikely to be popular in the Asian market. For western audiences, fire-breathing dragons symbolize danger. In contrast, to a Chinese audience, dragons represent luck and good fortune. Whole themes, storylines, and characters may need to be reimagined. Even the names of characters can be a minefield: a good name in one region could translate to an unacceptable word elsewhere, so be sure to do thorough research and consult with local experts.

Along with copy and format, audio and voice-over localization are essential to providing users with an immersive experience. Be sure to consider different voice-over artists for different countries, rather than languages. Certain languages, such as Spanish, vary in accent and vocabulary depending on the country.

2. Use language locales, not flags

Flags are often used in video games to represent different languages. While simple to use, this is not best practice and can cause offense. French is spoken by more than 200 million people around the globe, but only a fraction of these French speakers actually live in France. The French flag is not representative of French speakers living in Canada, Switzerland, Belgium, and Africa. In contrast, some countries such as Switzerland, Belgium, South Africa, and Canada have one flag but several languages. To avoid confusion, instead of flags, use language locales. These are made up of language codes and variants such as en-US, en-UK, fr-FR, and fr-BE.

3. Get the formatting right

The formatting needs to be addressed during the early localization stages. English is a concise language – however, if you’re localizing for French, German, or Spanish markets, you’ll discover that these languages take up to 30% or more space than English does. You may also need to leave more room for dialogues, time formats, symbols, and characters. These discrepancies could have a huge impact on your game’s interface and appearance. Having a flexible design helps you avoid these game localization problems: all localizable game assets should be separate from code and all elements should have well-defined places. Be sure to keep in mind that some languages read from right to left and some languages have characters rather than letters.

4. Localize for multimedia

With so many devices available today, someone may play your game on a PC or laptop before moving to a tablet or smartphone. They’ll want the game to travel seamlessly with them. Ensuring device compatibility should be a prime goal for your video game localization, especially if you are considering device preferences for your target audience. Some cultures may prefer PC games, while others favor consoles. During the early stages of localization, extensively test a prototype to determine the minimum requirements needed for successfully running the game. Of course, if it is designed solely for a specific console, this issue of device compatibility isn’t as important.

5. Be aware of local regulations and laws

The biggest localization disaster is having your game banned! Most countries have different laws and policies around gaming and video content. Age ratings also vary considerably. What might be acceptable somewhere for 12-year-olds may be given an 18 rating elsewhere, meaning your content must be modified. Interestingly, Japan’s game-rating system varies depending on whether a PC or a console is used. Rules about violence and nudity are much stricter for PC content. Be careful with symbols as well.

6. Design gaming code to be localization ready

From the get-go, game developers should design gaming code so that all content and strings are accessible when the game is exported. It’s also important not to hard-code any parts of the game that need translating, otherwise, strings of gibberish appear when the translation is imported back into the game which leads to costly delays. Getting your coding right at the beginning of the design process makes producing later game updates or editions much more straightforward.

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