Basic Playwright Questions with Answers

1. What is Playwright, and how does it compare to Selenium?

Playwright is an open-source automation framework developed by Microsoft for end-to-end testing of web applications.

?? Comparison with Selenium:

• Supports multiple browsers (Chromium, Firefox, WebKit) with a single API.
• Faster than Selenium due to built-in WebSocket communication.
• Better support for modern web apps with auto-waiting and built-in network interception.
• Supports parallel testing and headless execution out-of-the-box.
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2. How do you install Playwright in a Node.js project?

Run the following command in your terminal:

npm init -y  # Initialize a Node.js project (if not already done)
npm install playwright  # Install Playwright        

To install Playwright along with browsers, use:

npx playwright install        

This installs Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit browsers.

3. What browsers does Playwright support?

Playwright supports: ? Chromium (Google Chrome & Microsoft Edge) ? Firefox ? WebKit (Safari) ? Microsoft Edge (via Chromium)

Unlike Selenium, Playwright provides built-in support for these browsers without external drivers.

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4. How do you launch a browser in Playwright?

Here's how you can launch a browser:

const { chromium } = require('playwright');

(async () => {
  const browser = await chromium.launch();  // Launch browser
  const page = await browser.newPage();  // Open a new page
  await page.goto('https://example.com');  // Navigate to a webpage
  await browser.close();  // Close the browser
})();        

To run the browser in headed mode (with UI), use:

const browser = await chromium.launch({ headless: false });        

5. Explain the difference between page.goto() and page.waitForNavigation().

?? page.goto(url): Directly navigates to a URL and waits for the page to load.

await page.goto('https://example.com');
        

?? page.waitForNavigation(): Waits for a page navigation triggered by an action (like clicking a link).

await Promise.all([
  page.waitForNavigation(),
  page.click('a#nextPage')  // Clicks a link that triggers navigation
]);        

? Use page.goto() for direct navigation. ? Use page.waitForNavigation() when waiting for a page to change dynamically.

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6. How do you handle different browser contexts in Playwright?

Browser contexts allow running multiple independent sessions in a single browser instance.

const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context1 = await browser.newContext();
const context2 = await browser.newContext();  // Independent session
const page1 = await context1.newPage();
const page2 = await context2.newPage();
await browser.close();        

Each context has separate cookies, local storage, and session data.

7. What is the purpose of headless mode in Playwright?

Headless mode runs tests without opening a browser UI, making execution faster and more efficient.

const browser = await chromium.launch({ headless: true });        

? Benefits:

• Faster test execution
• Lower resource consumption
• Ideal for CI/CD pipelines