AWS CLI TASK2
In this article I will integrate various services of AWS : EC2, EBS, S3 and Cloud Front
I will launch a webserver using EC2 and data file will be stored in EBS , for object storage like images I will use S3 and for better availability and low latency I will use Cloud Front. Most of the setup will done using CLI.
Step1: Launching EC2 Instance
I will be using the generated secret key and security which were created during my previous article on AWS CLI
aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-04b1ddd35fd71475a
--instance-type t2.micro --key-name MyKeyPair
--subnet-id subnet-85a3aded --count 1
--security-group-ids sg-0ae53f599ea33dd12
This command will launch an AWS instance using the key MyKeyPair and the given Security Group ID.
Check using the below command
aws ec2 describe-instances
Checking in the WebUI
Step2: Creating a S3 bucket and uploading a object file
For creating a bucket we use the command s3api. Use the below command to create a bucket.
aws s3api create-bucket --bucket sfnam --region ap-south-1 --create-bucket-configuration LocationConstraint=ap-south-1
This will create a bucket named "sfnam" . Although S3 is a global service we need to specify the region (like ap-south-1) in order to create a bucket.
Note: The bucket name specified should be unique else the command will fail.
Checking in the console
Uploading a object like image in the bucket
aws s3 cp test.jpg s3://sfnam/
This command will upload test.jpg file into the bucket
Check the contents of the bucket in the console
Making Bucket and Object Public
AWS by default denies the public access of the bucket and its objects
hence we have to make the bucket and the object public
For making the Bucket public use the below command
aws s3api put-public-access-block --bucket sfnam --public-access-block-configuration "BlockPublicAcls=false,IgnorePublicAcls=false,BlockPublicPolicy=false,RestrictPublicBuckets=false"
Check the permissions in the aws console
Then we will make the object public
aws s3api put-object-acl --bucket sfnam --key test.png --grant-read uri=https://acs.amazonaws.com/groups/global/AllUsers
Check the permissions of the object in the console
Hurray!! we have make the object and bucket public
Lets check the object URL
Step3: Creating an EBS Volume and attaching it to the EC2 instance
Now we will make an EBS volume of 2 GiB and attach it to the running instance using the AWS CLI
Creating an EBS volume
aws ec2 create-volume --availability-zone ap-south-1a --volume-type gp2 --size 2
Check the volumes in EC2 dashboard
Now we have to attach it to the EC2 instance.For that we need the Instance Id
Run the below command
aws ec2 describe-instances
Now run the below command to attach the volume to EC2 instance
aws ec2 attach-volume --volume-id vol-07c0760cc578dde8a --instance-id i-0333a64332e1615a7 --device /dev/sdf
Step4: Connecting and Setting up Webserver
Connect to the EC2 instance using WebUI and with root power install apache webserver(httpd)
Run the below commands
sudo su yum install httpd
Now we have to start the httpd services
use the below command
systemctl start httpd
this will start the httpd services
But we also want the services to be on forever
use the below command
systemctl enable httpd
Step5: Partitioning, Formatting and Mounting the Disk to the instance
Check the name of the disk
fdisk -l
We can see that /dev/xvdf is the name of the disk
Creating Partition
Use the below command to open up a menu for partitioning
fdisk /dev/xvdf
This will open up a configuration menu for partioning
Press "n" (for creating partition)
Press "p" (for primary partitioning)
Press "Enter" (3/4 times)
Press "w" (for exiting)
Follow the above steps and hence we have completed the partitioning
Formatting the disk
mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdf
Mounting the disk
mount /dev/xvdf /var/www/html
And for checking whether the disk is mounted or not
run #df -h
Hurray!! we have attached and mounted the disk to the EC2 instance
NOTE: We have mounted the disk to the /var/www/html because we have installed Apache WebServer, hence the all the files like html, css, Js etc are stored in that folder. For us the code as well data is important. Hence using the EBS volumes helps in avoiding the data loss.
Step6: Code of the html document
With root powers , go to the /var/www/html directory and make a file in it called "index.html" and content is
Lets check the Public IP of our instance now
Public IP is (of mine): 13.126.115.186 (It is visible in the left corner of the webUI of instance) or can be found in the EC2 dashboard
Hence we have used S3 for object storage and EBS for data file storage
Suppose if my webserver is to used by members of other countries. if this same is followed then there will high latency and the site will be very slow. To avoid such kind we use CloudFront.
Amazon CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN) service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds, all within a developer-friendly environment. (from AWS documentation)
Step7:Using CloudFront in our WebServer
In CloudFront we have to create distributions
Use the below command to create it
aws cloudfront create-distribution --origin-domain-name sfnam.s3.amazonaws.com
Check in the console
Now after the distribution gets enabled the data cache will transferred to all the edge locations if anyone customer opens the site. We will have data cache stored in edge locations all over the world. and Hence reducing the latency and security problems
From the above pic copy the Domain name and open it in the browser
We can see that the object is as same as the S3 object. But the latency issue will be solved.It might take some time to load for the first time
Lets change the S3 object URL to Cloudfront URL
Now we will again open the Public IP of the instance. We can find that it take some time to load then but only for the first time
CloudFront also provides beautiful WeBUI to check the Cache statistics
Like no. of hits&misses, managing the traffic, common quality of majority people etc
Yay!!! we have successfully deplyed webserver on cloud using multiple AWS services like EC2 S3 CloudFront and EBS
Thanks for giving it a read
Any suggestions or queries are welcomed