Automotive Software: Which is the Best? Model-Based Design, PLC and Structured Text

Automotive Software: Which is the Best? Model-Based Design, PLC, and Structured Text

The vehicle industry is always getting better, using advanced software to make vehicles perform better, be safer, and give a better experience to the user. There are three main ways to develop vehicle software: Model-Based Design (MBD), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), and Structured Text (ST). Let's look at these methods, what makes them special, their benefits, and how they are used in making vehicles.

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Model-Based Design (MBD)

MBD uses pictures and diagrams to plan and make complex systems that control things. It helps save time and work by using simulations and creating code automatically.

• Pictures and Diagrams: Helps to show how the system works, making it easier to understand complicated plans.
• Testing with Simulations: Testing the designs thoroughly to make sure they are strong and reliable before they are actually used.
• Creating Code Automatically: Turns the designs into code that can be run, which helps avoid mistakes and speeds up the whole process.

Benefits include:

• Better Design: The visual aspect helps spot problems early on.
• Quicker Development: Creating code automatically and testing with simulations makes the development process faster.
• Better Teamwork: The diagrams make it easier for teams from different fields to work together.

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)

PLCs are special computers that control machines and processes. They come from the world of industrial automation and are known for being very reliable and sturdy.

• Tough Hardware: Made for tough conditions, which makes them good for use in vehicles.
• Control in Real-Time: Gives precise control right when it's needed, which is very important for vehicle systems.
• Modular: Easy to change and add to, allowing for flexible designs.

Benefits include:

• Dependability: Very reliable with a low chance of failing, which is crucial for systems that are important for safety.
• Simple to Use: Programming PLCs is easy, and many engineers know how to use them.
• Integration: Works well with other systems in industry and vehicles.

Structured Text (ST)

ST is a high-level language used mainly in industrial automation, including making vehicles. It's part of a standard for programmable controllers.

• High-Level Language: Similar to other programming languages like Pascal and C, which makes it easy for developers to use.
• Structured Programming: Supports using functions, loops, and conditions, which helps with implementing complex logic.
• Portability: The code can be moved between different systems easily.

Benefits include:

• Adaptability: Good for complex calculations and handling data.
• Easy to Maintain: Simpler to keep up and change compared to lower-level languages.
• Integration: Can be combined with other languages in the same standard, which offers versatility in designing systems.

Comparing the Methods

• Speed of Development: MBD: The quickest because of automatic code creation and lots of simulation. PLC: Medium speed, with well-known programming and testing methods. ST: Slower because it needs manual coding and fixing.
• Flexibility: MBD: Very flexible, easy to change using the diagrams. PLC: Medium flexibility, can be changed easily but limited by the complexity of the programming language. ST: Very flexible, can handle complex calculations and data.
• Reliability: MBD: Very reliable because of thorough testing. PLC: Extremely reliable, made for tough projects. ST: Reliable, but depends on how well the code is written and tested.
• Ease of Use: MBD: Easiest for those who know graphical tools, but hard for beginners. PLC: Easiest for those with a background in industrial automation. ST: Medium difficulty; familiar to developers but needs programming skills.

Conclusion

The best method for developing vehicle software depends on what the project needs. MBD is great for complex systems that need a lot of testing and quick development. PLCs are best for environments that need high reliability and control in real-time, like manufacturing. ST is flexible and good for complex control tasks and logic. Often, these methods are combined to use the best parts of each, making sure the vehicle software is strong and works well.