Association between avocado consumption and diabetes in Mexican adults:
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Good Source of Fiber and Naturally Good Fats
Results from the 2012, 2016, and 2018 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys
Feon W. Cheng PhD, MPH, RDN, CHTS-CP, Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez PhD, Teresa Shamah-Levy PhD, Sandra Pérez-Tepayo PhD, Nikki A. Ford PhD
Study Overview
PUBLISHED: Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
CATEGORY: Type 2 Diabetes
Background:
Avocado contains numerous vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, which can contribute to reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. However, limited studies have examined the association between avocados and diabetes risk.
Objective:
This study aimed to examine the association between avocado consumption and diabetes by sex in Mexican adults.
Design:
This was a cross-sectional study.
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Participants:
/setting: Participants included a subsample of adults (>=20 years old) from the 2012, 2016, and 2018 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT). Avocado consumption was assessed using a seven-day, semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and participants were classified as avocado consumers (consuming any amount of avocado) or non-consumers.
Main outcome measures:
Participants were considered to have diabetes if they answered “yes” to “Has a doctor ever told that you have diabetes or high blood sugar?”
Statistical analyses performed:
This analysis assessed the association between avocado intake and diabetes using multivariate logistic models by sex and adjusted for relevant covariates.
Results:
Of 28,239 ENSANUT 2012, 2016, and 2018 participants, 25,640 met the criteria (i.e., have diabetes outcome and plausible energy and avocado intakes) for this study. Over half of the participants were women, and approximately 45% were avocado consumers, with an average (standard error) avocado consumption of 34.7 (0.9) among men and 29.8 (0.8) grams/day among women. Avocado consumers had lower odds of diabetes in both unadjusted (OR: 0.762, 95% CI: 0.639-0.907) and adjusted (OR: 0.792, 95% CI: 0.632-0.993) models among women but not men (OR: 1.192, 95% CI: 0.907-1.566 and OR: 0.914, 95% CI: 0.675-1.239 for both unadjusted and adjusted models, respectively).
Conclusions:
Avocado consumption was associated with a lower risk of diabetes, which remained significant even when adjusted for relevant covariates. However, this finding was observed in only women, not men, underscoring the importance of personalized nutrition in diabetes care and prevention.
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