Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation or approximation of human intelligence in machines.

• The goals of artificial intelligence include computer-enhanced learning, reasoning,?and perception.
• AI is being used today across different industries from IOT, Finance to Healthcare.
• Weak AI tends to be simple and single-task oriented, while strong AI carries on tasks that are more complex and human-like.

Artificial intelligence can be categorized into one of four types :

• Reactive AI?uses algorithms to optimize outputs based on a set of inputs. Chess-playing AIs, for example, are reactive systems that optimize the best strategy to win the game. Reactive AI tends to be fairly static, unable to learn or adapt to novel situations. Thus, it will produce the same output given identical inputs.
• Limited memory AI?can adapt to past experience or update itself based on new observations or data. Often, the amount of updating is limited (hence the name), and the length of memory is relatively short. Autonomous vehicles, for example, can "read the road" and adapt to novel situations, even "learning" from past experience.
• Theory-of-mind AI?are fully-adaptive and have an extensive ability to learn and retain past experiences. These types of AI include advanced chat-bots that could pass the?Turing Test, fooling a person into believing the AI was a human being. While advanced and impressive, these AI are not self-aware.
• Self-aware AI, as the name suggests, become sentient and aware of their own existence. Still in the realm of science fiction, some experts believe that an AI will never become conscious or "alive".

Usage of AI :

AI is used extensively across a range of applications today, with varying levels of sophistication. Recommendation algorithms that suggest what you might like next are popular AI implementations, as are chatbots that appear on websites or in the form of smart speakers (e.g., Alexa or Siri). AI is used to make predictions in terms of weather and financial forecasting, to streamline production processes, and to cut down on various forms of redundant cognitive labor (e.g., tax accounting or editing). AI is also used to play games, operate autonomous vehicles, process language, and much, much, more.