Is Artificial Intelligence equivalent to Human Intelligence?
Picture from Universiteit Utrecht

Is Artificial Intelligence equivalent to Human Intelligence?

AI is a topic that pops up in many conversations these days - and not just when speaking with other people like myself, who are interested in technology. The discussion often centers on fears related to AI and robots replacing human beings in the workplace. I've often argued that AI and robots will augment humans, in the same way that the Spinning Jenny and other machinery augmented humans in the first industrial revolution.

Today I read an article that put AI into context with Human Intelligence far better than I've done myself, and I would like to quote from Gartner publication G00319572 on "Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2017":

"Artificial Intelligence Isn't the Same as Human Intelligence

Human intelligence refers to the natural cognitive ability of human beings. Human intelligence is a broad, generalized activity, while AI mimics narrow aspects of human intelligence in a tightly bounded domain for a well-scoped purpose.

AI is designed to add human-like qualities, but is extremely limited in comparison. AI-based systems aren't autonomous and don't understand or learn in the same sense that a human being understands, learns and acts autonomously. Rather, they apply machine-learning techniques and appear to understand and act autonomously, but only within a specific area and with a well-defined purpose.

An AI-enhanced system can make probabilistic projections, come to conclusions that were not explicitly programmed and adapt its rule set based on observations. However, it can't expand beyond its defined domain and purpose. For example, an autonomous vehicle can't "learn" how to play chess by receiving data on chess."

This is the clearest statement I've seen on the limits of AI, and a positioning of AI in a human-based world. Understanding AI in this way, will also help us use AI correctly, understanding that AI needs to be aligned with a domain and purpose, it is not a single "thing".

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