Application Programming Interface(API)- its journey from beginning to now

APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE (API) CONSTRUCTED BY SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE BUT WORKING AS A MIRACLE FASCINATION ALL OVER THE WORLD.

?The history of APIs (the application programming interface) is simple as well as intricate. The identification of the first modern APIs became widespread, though earlier forms of system integration existed long before APIs dominated the web. Early forms of computers and applications were stand-alone. That means they each had their own ways of processing, which caused unique forms of data. However, as computers evolved from their academic and military beginnings to enter the consumer market, the need for systems to communicate with one another became a necessity. The term?API?initially described an interface only for end-user-facing programs, known as application programs. This origin is still reflected in the name "application programming interface." Today, the term is broader, also including utility software?and even?hardware interface. The idea of the API is much older than the term itself. British computer scientists?Wilkes?and?Wheeler?worked on modular?software?in the 1940s for EDSAC, an early computer. Wilkes and Wheeler's 1951 book?The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer contains the first published API specification.?Wilkes and Wheeler "latently invented" the API because it is more of a concept that is discovered than invented. The subroutines in this library were stored on?punched paper tape?organized in a filing cabinet which also contained what Wilkes and Wheeler called a "library catalog" of notes about each subroutine and how to incorporate it into a program. Today, such a catalog would be called an API (or an API specification or API documentation) because it instructs a programmer on how to use (or "call") each subroutine that the programmer needs. Although the people who coined the term API were implementing software on a Univac 1108, the goal of their API was to make hardware-independent?programs possible.

?The following is the initial stage of software integrations and the future of?API integrations.

START OF SOFTWARE INTEGRATIONS

Since the early development of computing machines, distributed systems were created to decentralize the computing processes. The parting of systems required a steady method of communication. The early forms of integration technologies were called Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). It was encouraged by signs of progress in military logistics. The first concepts rooted in the 1948 Berlin airlift and the need to transmit large data over baud teletype modems. However, till the early 1970s when the first integrated system was developed using EDI. The London Airport Cargo EDP (electronic data processing)?Scheme (LACES) at Heathrow Airport in London, UK allowed forwarding agents to send information into the customs processing system directly. EDI provided extremely specific technical requirements, including data transmission, message flow, document format, and the software that would interpret the documents. It was first designed to be independent of other software and communication technologies.

BIRTH OF API AND ITS FATHER

Remote procedure calls (RPC) are one more big step toward modern integration developed during the 1970s. it can be traced back to the early ARPANET documents. but it was not until 1982 that the earliest RPC operation was created by Brian Randell and his team for their Newcastle connection composed of Unix machines. Quickly, Xerox PARC’s Andrew Birrell and Bruce Nelson created “Lupine” in their Cedar environment which created type-safe bindings and efficient communication protocol for their systems. Ultimately, Lupine evolved into Sun’s RPC, which was the actual basis for Network File System (NFS).

Journey of Software Integrations

The 1990s saw the outpouring of business-level systems and can be considered the gateway decade for our technology-based society. The World Wide Web (WWW) was also taking its first few huge steps which led to even greater demand for distributed systems and client-server topologies. It is during the early part of the decade that object-oriented programming helped smooth integration between various systems through Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). Its first version which was mapped in C programming language was released in October 1991. Then, a C++ mapping version (1.1) was released in February 1992.

CORBA permits communication between systems and software written in different languages and machines too. The implementation of CORBA is independent of operating systems, programming languages, and hardware platforms. It takes the benefit of an interface definition language (IDL) that it uses to transmit objects over the network. Then, CORBA specifies a mapping from IDL to specific languages like C or C++. Thus, standard mappings were created for Ada, COBOL, Java, Lisp, Object Pascal, Python, Ruby, and Smalltalk, to name a few. Also, unofficial mappings happen for C#, Erlang, Perl, and Visual Basic. CORBA is one of the earliest forms of modern API that enables messages between software with different executions. Similarly, the API that we see now that it links independent systems without forcing changes in their implementation and structure. Various proprietary EAIs were further developed in the mid-90s. Principally, these technologies shoved adapter frameworks, messaging and communicating systems, content transformation modules, and various methods for putting all these services together. EAI's served as a “translator” for various systems (most are proprietary) which enabled them to use each other’s services to form better technologies.

Enterprise Service Buses (ESB) & Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

As the 1990s progressed, more and more technologies were made available on the WWW, which provided better integration and message between systems, especially at the transport layer. The decade ended with the development of service-oriented architecture (SOA) which is a more specific form of the more general client-server architecture that APIs use today. The creation of SOA was an important change in the direction that CORBA and related services were heading. Once the WW WC (W3C) released its XML description, the future of systems integration became much more focused on web services. SOA is a form of software design where services are divided into application components that uses communication protocol over a network. Its basic principles are independent of products, vendors, technologies, and frameworks. Services use protocols that show how they transmit and interpret data using metadata. The description metadata also describes functions. Essentially, SOA's goal is to permit clients to piece together various functionalities from existing services to create applications. Services provide a simple interface to the clients which abstracts the underlying mechanisms and simplifies the integration.

Along with SOA, the enterprise service bus (ESB) provides a seamless method of developing applications on top of various services. ESB is a form of communication system between services in SOA. The idea of ESB is like the bus concept in computer hardware architecture. It aims to provide a standard, structured, and general-purpose method of integrating loosely coupled components (services). It should be independently deployed and disparate within a network. The ESB and SOA (along with other related technologies) created a larger stack combining the application layer, business application monitoring, and messaging layer. After the evolution of ESB from Roy W. Schulte and David Chappell's ideas in 2002, various private and public projects and organizations began adopting the technology. By the mid-2000s, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, and their competitors have released their ESB products. At the same time, Apache led the release of open-source versions along with Red Hat.

The Development of Microservices Architecture

As SOA became more rampant in various industries, a variant of the architecture became the go-to choice for most developers: the microservices architecture in which services are fine-grained, which improves modularity. They are autonomously deployable and organized around business functions. In this model, a microservice can be implemented using different programming languages, databases, hardware, and software platform that best fits its functions. Then, these microservices are combined and integrated to create various applications. Services are self-contained business functionality with their own interfaces, and components, and may even implement their own layered architecture. The microservices naturally enforce a modular structure in application development as noted by Martin Fowler, a British software developer, and author.

EMERGING CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES

As such, the emerging cloud technologies of the mid-2000s and early 2010s favored microservices due to their lightweight nature. One of the first mentions of a microservice was during a workshop of software architects in May 2011 near Venice, Italy. Early ideas were mentioned by Dr. Peter Rodgers in his presentation at the Web Services Edge conference in 2005. Juval L?wy had a similar precursor idea which he described as the next evolution of Microsoft architecture. Till the 2010s, microservices architecture became common in developing web services and applications. APIs did not only become apt but the central method of integrating these services together. The movement from desktop applications to web applications in recent years meant a greater demand for more efficient methods of integration.

The Future of API Integration

The era of Web API, which began in 2005, is making a smooth transition to the era of public API, which started in 2010. The rapid changes in various forms of industries required computing based on the web. The main driving industries are e-commerce, social media, mobile computing, and the Cloud. The products in the industries mentioned required faster and more accurate models of development along with more efficient integration architecture. Services are now processing bigger sets of data than anticipated in the past decades.GraphQL is the new kid on the block that is gaining rapid acceptance. Developed by Facebook for their internal systems in 2012, the company made it public in 2015. In November 2018, the GraphQL project was moved from Facebook to the GraphQL Foundation hosted by the Linux Foundation. It provides a powerful yet flexible approach to developing web APIs. It has been compared with REST and other web service architectures. Through GraphQL, clients can define the structure of the data required, which are returned by the server. The method prevents excessively large amounts of data from being returned. It is also much more stable in handling reading, writing, and subscribing to real-time data. Moreover, it includes its own query language, execution semantics, static validation, and more which essentially makes it a system itself.

The creator of GraphQL, Lee Byron

The creator of GraphQL, Lee Byron, has set out to make it omnipresent across various web platforms. And since 2012, it seems that the technology is rapidly fulfilling its goals.

Popularity of API

The word Application Programming Interface (referred as ??API) becomes now ubiquitous for most of the global population and uses almost in their daily work. Almost everyone must be now not unheard of this terminology, predominantly during the implementation of software systems in an organization. API, which is the acronym for Application Programming Interface, is a series of rules and protocols that assists applications to draw data and data points from other systems. An effective API will make the integration of two computer systems seamlessly converse with each other, as it will have all the necessary building blocks put together by the computer programmer.

The following diagram is a basic information flow diagram depicting the position of an API in the whole schema of system integration.

Simple APIs are also known as connectors that help establish a synchronized connection between two applications for the exchange of information on a real-time basis. The working of an API, we understand with an amazingly simple example. Now it is possible to go to the booking sites, make our selection, enter credit card details, buy the tickets, and take a print. But this simple process on the front is a series of complex information exchanges between the website that you see on the front and the database at the back. This is possible by API that connects the website and the database, and this integration happens in real-time, and it appears as an instant transaction in seconds.

The above is an example of a B2C (business to customer) transaction but is also applicable in B2B transactions too. The only difference is that in this case, the request command comes from one business application, and then the information is fetched from another business system to complete the transaction. It is pertinent fact that this data flow between two business applications has become the backbone of today’s enterprises. In B2B integrations, APIs have a wider role to transmit the data. The importance of the API is multifold. The role of API is to allow the usage of data to the users in a faster, easier, and more efficient way, for a specific purpose. API has been used widely in the private sector across enterprises, and globally, as well as governments are also now using APIs across their systems because it makes their applications agile and flexible. Initially, legacy systems operate in silos, and presently enterprises who want to transition from legacy systems to the latest cloud-based systems, APIs form an integral part of this whole framework. Organizations that are already on the path to digital transformation and have implemented different systems for different objectives are looking to interconnect the applications to make the data centrally available. APIs are crucial to eventually assist organizations to make informed decisions. While companies do raise concerns about the security aspects of API, but now programmers ensure that the building blocks of these APIs are strong. Moreover, APIs come with a series of permissions and audit trails to give assurance to companies and governments regarding the security of the application. Since technology is continuously evolving, and new systems taking a paradigm shift in the way businesses manage their data. APIs are becoming almost inseparable as a key role in the new dimension of future innovation in the way applications will operate.

Examples of APIs

To get a deep insight into API operations, which is shown in the following few examples: Weather data, Login authentication, e-commerce payment, and Travel booking (Road, and Air). An indicative list of uses, not an exhaustive one. ?Its use in other areas keeps growing.

Types of APIs

There are many forms of API. Software developers are using a variety of protocols and rules to build an API. These are enumerated below:

Web APIs

These are connectors that use the HTTP protocol. Web API is used to interact with the browser, which will have web notifications and storage on the web. If we combine multiple Web APIs, then we can create a composite API, which is a collection of data or service API. Web APIs have a quite brief history. We use HTTP to get access to machine-readable data in a JSON or XML format, frequently simply referred to as “web APIs.”?APIs have always been present in computing, but modern web APIs began in the 2000s.?A popular thesis?on REST by Roy Fielding and a handful of emerging technology companies including Salesforce, eBay, and Amazon, led to the present web APIs.

Open APIs

These are popularly known as external APIs or public APIs. These APIs are easily available to developers without any restrictions.?Sporadically there might be some registration to be done to get an API key or it may be completely open.

???Partner APIs

Technically these are like open API, however, there is a ceiling to access these. The access is usually controlled by a third-party API gateway.

Composite APIs

These are a combination of different API that helps developers to access multiple data touchpoints in a single call. These touchpoints can be drawn through a single API, or it can have multiple APIs fetching information from multiple data sources. While successfully developing an API, there are certain rules that developers must adopt. These are known as API protocols. One of the most common protocols that any developer follows is the Representational State Transfer (REST) API protocol. This is a very commonly used and popular Web Application Programming Interface framework. There are certain fundamentals around architecture and principles that developers need to adhere to. The other type of API protocol that is used by developers is the JSON-RPC and XML-RPC protocol. In both these protocols, an API demand comprises multiple parameters.

Benefits of using APIs

For organizations, APIs are a way of developing applications that can deliver a better customer experience. Some of the key benefits of using APIs are as follows:

Simple to Connect: APIs are connectors that help in connecting two applications and systems for data flow. This will enable the overall user experience is seamless.

Enhanced Integration: Having APIs with the right set of protocols helps in creating a better-integrated solution that can help organizations to manage their data and processes, thereby helping them gain better visibility.

Automation: While applications are being integrated using APIs, it automates various business processes and the tasks associated with them. This helps in bringing about great efficiency among various functions.

Enhanced Services: Having APIs makes the implementation of multiple systems quite easy. These help in the case of systems, involving third-party applications as well.

Innovation: ?APIs play a critical role in the whole process of digital transformation for any organization. They help in developing unique business models by harnessing the power of technology.

Commercialization of API

Web APIs began by putting the “commercial” in “.com,” fueling the vision of emerging commerce startups envisaging to form the way carrying business on the web. This new medium to make products and services available to customers via a single website and confirm that partners and third-party resellers could extend the reach of their platforms. Thus, the automation of majority commerce business and powering the web. The commerce age of web APIs was controlled by three companies: Salesforce, eBay, and Amazon for the next 20 years, they keep on as commercial powerhouses and continue to shape the world of APIs.

Salesforce?–?Salesforce officially launched its API on February 7, 2000, at the IDG Demo conference. This introduced an enterprise-class, web-based, Salesforce automation: “Internet as a Service.” XML APIs were a fundamental part of how Salesforce did business from day one.

eBay?– On November 20, 2000, eBay launched the eBay Application Program Interface (API) along with the eBay Developers Program. These were originally launched to only a select number of licensed eBay partners and developers but ultimately shifted how goods are now sold on the web.

Amazon?– On July 16, 2002, Amazon launched Amazon.com?Web Services. This permitted developers to integrate Amazon.com content and features into their own websites and let third-party sites search and exhibit products from Amazon.com in an XML format.

These three companies forever changed the online business. ?In 2019, they still dominate the API playing field and impact the commercial landscape. They have evolved their businesses while simultaneously transforming the commercial landscape by being more organized, agile, and efficient when it comes to APIs. They’ve made?them available to partners and third-party providers, who have in turn enabled them to grow, evolve, and lead the conversation in the industries they’ve come to dominate.

Making the web much more social

In 2004, a shift in the API landscape began to emerge. Salesforce, eBay, and Amazon continued to iterate and evolve their own API efforts, but a new breed of API providers started to pop up.?This new group changed how we use the web and share information with the people around us, both in the real world and virtually.?These new APIs were not as directly linked to commercial value as their counterparts, but they provided value to their organizations and became lucrative platforms down the road.

At that time, there were four major signs of progress that established the stage for the unbelievable increase that materialized from 2006 through 2012.

Delicious?– In 2003, a new service for storing, sharing, and discovering web bookmarks emerged called del.icio.us. It enabled people to view them via a web interface, but after the extension from “.html” to “.xml” people get a machine-readable list of our bookmarks. Developers took advantage of this by building widgets and other embeddable features fit for the budding field of social media.

Flickr?– In February 2004, the popular photo-sharing site Flickr launched. Six months later they produced their now ill-famed API, which allowed users to easily embed their photos on web pages and social media. Flickr swiftly became the image platform of choice for the evolving social media movement.

Facebook?– In August 2006, Facebook launched its long-awaited development platform and API. Version 1.0 allowed developers to access Facebook users’ friends, photos, events, and profile information, and enabled Facebook to become of the most popular social networks to date.

Twitter?– In September 2006, Twitter entered its own API in response to developers increasingly scraping content and data from the platform. Twitter incorporated APIs into almost?every feature of the product we know today, from its mobile application to the share button.

It took another couple of years, but by 2010, social media had ruled over the population, and APIs formed the pillar. APIs served us to link with friends and developed business networks, shared images and videos and relayed stories from our personal and professional lives. Facebook and Twitter ruled over, all while relying heavily on their communities, third-party developers, and promoters to expand their reach, grow their audience, and set the stage for a new generation of social influence powered by APIs.

Transition all to the Cloud

Rapidly a paradigm of social reality spread out, and a seismic shift arose that would totally transform the way of doing business online. Having used APIs to power their commercial visions with unprecedented success, Amazon became the model for the next generation of startups and enterprises alike. Amazon’s model was API-focused across its organization. Inside, all shared digital resources were required to have an API. As companies followed their lead, thus began one of the most fundamental shifts in how we view digital resources. Two new Amazon Web Services soon emerged that would astound our world.

Amazon Simple Storage (S3)?– Amazon started contributing a basic storage service that was solely accessible via API and CLI. Suddenly essential digital resources were made available using low-cost web infrastructure. A pay-as-you-go model was presented as a solution to monetizing digital assets in this new online economy.

Amazon Elastic Compute (EC2)?– Mere six months after S3 was released, Amazon would release another service called EC2. It provided servers that developers could leverage to deploy the necessary infrastructure for the next generation of applications. Amazon Web Services completely transformed the whole lot. It confirmed that web APIs?could be used to adapt infrastructure, create revenue, and basically change the way companies do business. But none of any element that, if integrated with the cloud, would impress our world in unique ways unexpectedly.

Seamless mobility

In 2007, Apple introduced the iPhone. It drastically changed not only our use of mobile phones but our involvement with the online world. In that same year, Google replied by launching Android: an open-source mobile platform. These developments?stimulated a huge investment in new startups considering delivering desirable resources and applications to meet the rising public demand. A few of these API-first startups became the blueprint for how APIs are carried today.

Google Maps?– Google launched a new mapping solution called Google Maps in 2006. After half a year, the Google Maps API was made accessible in direct response to several reprobate applications that were built by reverse engineering and hacking the JavaScript application. The location became a major topic of the API dialog that we were about to have on every mobile device sold in the next couple of years.

Foursquare?– It was launched in March 2009 at the SXSW interactive festival in Austin, TX.?It was a location-based mobile platform that made cities more interesting to explore. Users collect points and virtual badges in return for checking in and sharing their location with friends. This was a brand-new type of mobile app, exploiting APIs to deliver a new generation of location-aware, API-driven applications.

Instagram?– The mobile evolution of the Internet was underway when on October 6, 2010, it launched its photo-sharing iPhone application. Just after three months, it succeeded to add one million users. It’s focused on delivering a powerful but simple iPhone app that solved common problems with the quality of mobile photos as well as user frustration around sharing them. Instantly, many users grumbled about the lack of an Instagram API. One developer took it upon himself to reverse engineer how the iPhone app worked and built his own unofficial Instagram API on top of private Instagram APIs in December 2020. By January 2021, the app had stopped the rogue API but had also announced that it was building one of its own.

Twilio?– In 2007, a new API-as-a-product platform was launched called Twilio. This introduced a voice API, which allowed developers to make and receive phone calls via any cloud application and exploited the growing need for voice-enabled apps. Over the next decade, Twilio became identical to the vital resources we need on our phones like voice, SMS, email, and other messaging and communication applications. The mobile evolution of the web made APIs we see now. Commerce, social, and the Cloud laid the foundation, but mobile put the web in our pockets. Our phones enabled us to take more photos, record new videos, and share more stories. API-powered mobile applications have led to waves of evolution not just in mobile phones, but in any object that can be connected to the Internet. They have opened up wholly new boundaries when it comes to how we create, transmit, store, and share data online.

APIs driving next-generation devices

While mobile application developers were preoccupied with developing APIs to carry resources to the next generation of applications, some of them also began envisaging how everyday objects could be connected to the web. If devices such as cameras, thermostats, speakers, microphones, and sensors could connect to Wi-Fi or cellular networks, they could also send or receive data, content, media, and other digital resources via this unique new place called “the Cloud”. Common objects were arranged a new life by allowing users to connect in unimagined ways not ever seen just after a year.

Fitbit?– It was established in March of 2017 and charted to provide a range of products including wireless-enabled wearable technology devices that could measure data like step count, heart rate, quality of sleep, and various other fitness metrics. It connected our health and activity to the cloud and opened a whole new industry around connected, wearable applications powered by APIs.

Nest?– Now owned by Google, It began in 2010 as Nest Labs, and first produced a connected home thermostat. Later, It released a smoke detector and series of home cameras, all available via a rich API developer ecosystem.

Alexa?– It is introduced by Amazon in November 2014, alongside their Echo product, labeled as a smart speaker. It is a virtual assistant that is capable of voice interaction, music playback, making to-do lists, setting alarms, streaming podcasts, playing audiobooks, and providing weather, traffic, sports, and other real-time updates. Each feature leverages the API developer ecosystem to deliver a new generation of voice-enabled applications.

These are just three of the more well-known devices that are being connected to the Internet—there are thousands more, all built on top of the API ecosystem. This connectivity showcases how APIs can be about much more than just building desktop, web, and mobile applications. They created an “Internet of Everything.”?Connected devices continue to determine the multi-channel power of APIs when it comes to delivering data, content, media, and algorithmic capabilities to an assembly of diverse applications. APIs are no longer just at startups—due to their success, mainstream corporations, organizations, institutions, and government agencies are opening to adopt them at scale.

API IS STILL CALLED A NASCENT STAGE

This chronicle denotes less than twenty years of history. It is only the beginning, but we have the building blocks for a connected world. Web APIs can be used to connect almost anything to the Internet and are regularly being used to invent entirely new products and services, as well as to build ecosystems. In 2010, state-of-the-art startups were hitting APIs to work, and in 2019, mainstream industries are putting APIs to work. The collective momentum of industry change that is being set into motion will continue to shift the landscape, making it a challenge for some to keep up. Those who are experts in the positioning and combination of APIs, who can adapt and transform, will lead the way into the future. Even without any expertise, a basic understanding of APIs will help us to foresee the destination of our future journeys. Postman Chief Evangelist Kin Lane helps our community see the larger API landscape and better understand how Postman supports developers to be more successful across the modern API lifecycle.?

The modern use of APIs glimmered a totally new way of communicating that enabled an era of sharing and spawned the interconnected world that we live in today. Between 2000 and 2002, online commerce and information sharing was brand new and booming. Three companies saw a chance to spread their impact by making their information more shareable and accessible than ever before: Salesforce, eBay, and Amazon. In 2000, Salesforce released what many consider the first modern API. Around the same time,?eBay,?and?Amazon?developed APIs that allowed developers access.?These developments meant that for the first time, commerce and data-sharing were openly accessible for a wide range of customizable uses. Another important event occurred around this time — in 2000, computer scientist Roy Fielding published a dissertation?that introduced the concept of "REST," a software architectural style. The concept was meant to standardize software architecture across the web and help components easily communicate with each other.

2018: APIS AND THE YEAR OF PRIVACY CONCERNS

?With increased connection and global data sharing inevitably come privacy and security concerns. In 2018, the first comprehensive law addressing the new frontier of the use and sharing of personal information was passed: the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This European law represented a change in attitude about global integration The GDPR also represented a new challenge for companies using APIs that would need to produce records of personal information sharing upon request. Another watershed data privacy moment happened in 2018: the?Cambridge Analytica scandal. When one developer discovered that they could use the API to create a quiz that collected personal data from Facebook users?and?their friend networks, and then sold that data to a political consulting firm, the discussion about inescapable sharing and data privacy forever shifted. The scandal exposed the dark side of APIs and free information sharing and left companies scrambling to develop systems for tracking and monitoring the APIs they consume.

Managing APIs

As the world has grown more digital, so too has its reliance on APIs. The need for connected software has exploded, and APIs are ubiquitous. This new reality brings endless possibilities, but it also brings challenges. Increased reliance on APIs means that they should run perfectly, every time. There are three key things all companies should start doing now to manage third-party APIs:

1. Comprehensive logging of third-party API activity (how many calls are being made and how long they are taking, how many errors are being returned, etc.)

2. Monitoring and alerting (so you can identify issues before they affect users)

3. Implementing reliability features like automatic retries (API calls fail for many reasons and can often be immediately retried successfully)

?Companies that can quickly adapt to this reality, create systems for monitoring the performance of the APIs they consume, and track the massive flow of information between them may be the ones that define the next decade in API history.

API first is a popular strategy. It is so essential for getting our digital transformation strategy right, in a timely manner with optimal resource utilization. Development teams need to use different components as building blocks to create new products. And APIs are the key to success. In fact, with an API-first approach, you can create ecosystems of applications that are modular and reusable which is ideal for microservices. API first is still relevant today. And many businesses are still leveraging API-first strategies. But it is not as innovative of an approach as it used to be. We have heard from several businesses embarking on digital transformations who are considering a different paradigm — data first.

CONCLUSION

API is one of the important discoveries or creations for getting various services with ease. Its proliferation and widespread use signify its popularity. There are some the issues, like intellectual property rights, patents, and copyright. The concern about the privacy of users is also one of the major concerns. But, API still seems a magical creation and tremendously provides many services seamlessly, and in real-time. ????

?To summarize, APIs can help software deliver a good brand presence, by combining with third-party products or services. A good API with the right set of protocols can strengthen the technology architecture of the organization, making it the backbone of the entire enterprise.