“All Rise”: The Atmosphere of an ICC Courtroom in Gulu (Uganda)
In the heart of Uganda, specifically Gulu, the morning of May 10, 2020, marked the commencement of an earnest mission. This mission held profound significance - to bridge the geographical gap between The Hague, Netherlands, and the victims and affected communities in Gulu and Northern Uganda during the Dominic Ongwen trial's closing statements. This legal odyssey had spanned several years, and the closing statements signified a pivotal moment in the pursuit of justice.
For the dedicated outreach team, this was more than a task; it embodied a labor of compassion, an unwavering endeavor to bring closure to those who had endured the horrors of conflict for far too long. The trial unfolded over three critical days: the prosecution's case on the 10th, legal counsel for victims on the 11th, and the Defense team on the 12th.
Anticipation surrounding these closing statements was palpable; they symbolized the culmination of a protracted journey towards justice. The Outreach team diligently prepared for this momentous event, organizing a range of initiatives, including live radio transmissions through selected local stations, radio listening clubs in 22 parishes within the trial's case locations, and live video screenings in Gulu town. Post-proceedings, there were stakeholder engagements, press conferences, and radio talk shows.
The lead-up to the closing statements witnessed a flurry of activities, including radio mobilization drives, talk shows to raise awareness, and logistical preparations for community Focal Point Persons who played a vital role in facilitating radio listening clubs.
Through years of engagement with victims and affected communities, the outreach team had grappled with their doubts, fears, and skepticism about a justice process unfolding far from their homes. Questions ranged from the integrity of ICC judges to the challenge of accurately representing the harrowing events in Northern Uganda and the outcomes of the process. The closing statements symbolized a turning point, reaffirming the integral role of Northern Ugandan communities in these proceedings.
Live video screenings in Gulu town had become a cornerstone of outreach efforts. From the confirmation of charges hearing to the prosecution's presentations, the victims’ presentations and the Defense team's rebuttals, these screenings connected victims and stakeholders to the gist of the judicial process, with Gulu as the epicenter of a flurry of outreach activities.
As the day of the closing statements approached, meticulous planning was underway, with collaborations solidified with three Gulu-based outreach partners, roles defined, and preparations set for the events on March 10.
On the morning of March 10, the mission was both imminent and clear: to bring the live experience of the closing statements to victims and communities across Uganda, offering a front-row seat to the Dominic Ongwen trial for the people of Gulu town.
By 8:30 AM, early arrivals, predominantly elderly individuals who had journeyed from distant places, had already assembled at the venue. The real screening would commence at 12:00 PM local time, with approximately 400 attendees, including women, elders, community leaders, victims' groups, and disabled individuals.
The program began around 11:00 AM with a recap of the trial's earlier stages, providing an in-depth understanding of the closing statements. Meanwhile, videos of past trial proceedings played, creating an informed audience.
Throughout the day, multitasking became the modus operandi - coordinating radio stations, monitoring FPPs, and ensuring smooth logistics, program execution, translation services, and documentation for the live screening at the Gulu District Council Hall.
At precisely 12:00 noon, the wide projector screen came to life with live images, accompanied by "Dano weng gu-aa malo!" - The Acholi translation of "All rise!" All live broadcasts were conducted in Acholi, utilizing a dedicated Acholi language channel, specifically instituted for the benefit of both the accused and? the non-English-speaking people of Acholi.
The room fell into a reverent silence as the presiding Judge welcomed all parties and participants and ran through the opening rituals of the session. The prosecution then outlined the specifics of the charges against Dominic Ongwen, presenting evidence and at times, anticipating Defense arguments.
Sessions were divided into 1 ? hour periods punctuated with breaks that evolved into Q&A sessions. Light refreshments were served as the community remained captivated.
On the first day, during the 30-minute break at 2:00 PM local time, the session resumed with the familiar call, "Dano weng gu-aa malo!" Astonishingly, the entire gathering in the screening hall rose in unison, a testament to their deep engagement in the proceedings.
The following day, March 11, mirrored the previous one. Legal counsels representing the victims meticulously detailed their experiences during and after the crimes for which Ongwen was charged. Their compelling presentations reinforced the audience's belief in the victims' deserving reparations in the event of a guilty verdict.
The final day featured presentations from the Defense team, countering the charges and evidence presented by the prosecution and victim's counsels. Initially, it seemed Ongwen might escape a guilty verdict based on arguments centered on his abduction as a child, the duress he endured, the influence of Joseph Kony's spirits, and perceived flaws in the prosecution's investigation.
However, as discussions unfolded, it became evident that both parties, and the victims, had presented compelling cases. The judges, privy to more intricate details, would bear the weighty responsibility of making the final decisions.
There is an overwhelming sense of pride in recounting this journey. As an outreach staff member, the role played in this process has been significant. The fears, frustrations, and doubts of the victims and communities were witnessed and addressed. Their unwavering patience throughout this protracted process is a testament to the belief that "participation is empowerment."
In partnership with organizations such as the Justice and Reconciliation Project (JRP), Keru Women’s Advocacy Forum (K-WAF), and Foundation for Justice and Development Initiatives (FJDI), the three days of live screening unfolded smoothly, drawing an audience of approximately 1200 people.
The feedback from community members spoke volumes - they were exposed to critical trial information, the strength of evidence presented by all parties and participants, and the diligent respect of the rights of those involved. The moment when the people of Gulu spontaneously rose in unison with those in The Hague during the "All rise" announcement was a powerful testament to the success of our efforts in making victims and affected communities genuine participants in the trial process.
As the trial of Dominic Ongwen progressed to its judgment and subsequent sentencing, followed by a concluded appeals process, I cannot help but feel a profound sense of pride. I have been an integral part of this transformative journey, one marked by empowerment, self-discovery, and the relentless pursuit of justice alongside the resilient people of Northern Uganda.
While the reparations phase of the process remains imminent, I stand unwavering in my belief that this experience has profoundly enriched the victims and communities across Northern Uganda. They have not merely been passive observers but active contributors in the relentless pursuit of justice.
In closing, I reflect upon this remarkable journey with a deep sense of pride, knowing that I was part of a brilliant team that made ?this substantial difference in the lives of those who have endured unimaginable suffering. Our dedication to the cause of justice remains steadfast, and I am profoundly grateful for the opportunity to have played a role in this noble endeavor.