All in on AI: This Week in Artificial Intelligence

Hello Niuralogists!

Welcome to this week’s edition, where we dive into the latest advancements in artificial intelligence. We’ll explore how these innovations are shaping various aspects of our lives—from the workplace and business to policies and personal experiences. This issue highlights some fascinating updates, including Nvidia’s Antitrust Investigation, Rebrain’s AI-powered Parkinson’s Treatment, and ChatGPT’s new model, GPT-Next, which is allegedly 100x more powerful than GPT-4.

For more in-depth coverage, keep reading…

FDA Clears Rebrain's AI-Powered OptimMRI to Aid Treatments for Parkinson’s Patients

The FDA has approved Rebrain’s updated OptimMRI software, which now includes a new machine learning model to assist in targeting brain regions for lesioning techniques like MR-guided focused ultrasound and radiosurgery. Rebrain’s technology aims to enhance personalized neurological treatments, potentially benefiting more patients globally. OptimMRI combines AI with MRI to predict and mark brain regions, simplifying neurosurgical procedures. The software, which previously aided in deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson’s disease, helps identify optimal targets for electrode placement or lesioning. DBS is often used for patients whose Parkinson’s symptoms, such as tremors and muscle rigidity, are not fully controlled by medication. The newly approved version can now target the ventralis intermedius nucleus (VIM), key for treating essential tremor.?

DOJ Subpoenas Nvidia in Expanding Antitrust Investigation Over AI Dominance

The U.S. DoJ has issued a subpoena to Nvidia as part of its antitrust investigation into the company, deepening concerns about Nvidia's dominance in the AI chip market. The probe focuses on whether Nvidia is making it difficult for customers to switch to other suppliers and penalizing those who don’t exclusively use its AI chips. Nvidia said its success is based on merit and customer choice. The investigation follows complaints from competitors about Nvidia’s market dominance. This comes at a critical time as investor optimism around AI-related companies, including Nvidia, is recalibrating due to concerns about slow returns on heavy investments. Nvidia’s recent quarterly forecast also fell short of expectations, leading to a 9.5% drop in its stock and a $279 billion market cap loss, though its shares remain up 141% this year due to AI-driven demand.

OpenAI’s “GPT-Next” Could be 100 times stronger than GPT-4

At the KDDI Summit 2024, OpenAI Japan's (article in Japanese) CEO, Tadeo Nagasaki discussed the upcoming AI model, "GPT-Next," stating that it could be 100 times more powerful than GPT-4, which already supports multimodal capabilities. He emphasized the exponential growth of AI technology and OpenAI's commitment to advancing its integration into the world. Nagasaki, also announced that as of the end of August, ChatGPT has over 200 million active users, making it the fastest software to reach such milestones. He highlighted the rapid adoption of "ChatGPT Enterprise," especially in English-speaking markets. Major clients include Apple, Coca-Cola, and Moderna.

Profluent Bio Uses AI to Usher in a New Era of Gene Editing

Researchers at Profluent Bio used artificial intelligence (AI) to design novel CRISPR gene editors, leading to the creation of OpenCRISPR-1, the first AI-generated gene editor. The AI-based approach offers a significant expansion to the CRISPR toolbox, paving the way for tailored gene editors for applications ranging from agriculture to medicine. This AI-based method bypasses the limitations of traditional techniques like directed evolution. The study highlights the potential for AI to rapidly design bespoke gene-editing tools for various genetic therapies.

Clearview AI Fined Again by Dutch Regulator for GDPR Violations

Clearview AI, the U.S.-based facial recognition company known for scraping billions of images from the internet without consent, has been fined €30.5 million by the Netherlands' data protection authority (AP) for violating the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The company faces further penalties of up to €5.1 million for continued non-compliance. Clearview AI is accused of building a database with biometric data of Dutch citizens without a legal basis and ignoring GDPR requirements, such as data access requests. Clearview disputes the ruling, arguing it is not subject to the GDPR as it lacks operations in the EU.

Q&Ai

How Will California's New Digital Content Bill Impact AI-Generated Media?

The California Assembly passed AB 3211, which mandates that generative AI providers attach provenance data (origin data) to synthetic content created by AI systems. This data helps identify the origin and nature of such content, ensuring transparency in digital media. The bill prohibits tools designed to remove provenance data and requires that online platforms label synthetic content with unknown provenance if its data is missing or undetectable. Large online platforms are required to disclose provenance data for digital content, and must publish annual transparency reports on synthetic content moderation starting July 2026. Violations of these standards can result in fines of up to $100,000. The bill aims to curb the societal harms of AI-generated content, such as misinformation and defamation, by promoting transparency and accountability in digital media.

UK School Aims to Answer: Can AI Replace the Teacher’s?

David Game College in London is launching the UK's first "teacherless" GCSE class, where students will be taught using AI instead of traditional teachers. Twenty students will use AI platforms and virtual reality headsets to create personalized lesson plans that adapt to their strengths and weaknesses. While three "learning coaches" will supervise and assist with subjects AI struggles with, like art and sex education, AI will guide most of the learning process. Despite concerns, the college believes AI has the potential to transform students' learning experiences.

Tools

?? QWiser transforms courses into interactive study material

?? Intuit Assist is an intelligent GenAI for financial insights for small businesses

?? Maximum automates solutions for software development

?? Storydoc creates interactive slide decks to enhance engagement

?? Amoihub manages generative AI art prompts with ease