The Advantages of 3D GIS Technology

After continuous innovation for more than 10 years, SuperMap has overcome many technical problems and launched a 3D GIS technology system, it has developed universal series of 3D products of SuperMap GIS. The new technology also has many advantages.

1.?3D Data Model

SuperMap expands and defines 3D data model, TIM and Voxel Grid and other field models on the basis of traditional 2D GIS data models, such as point, line, polygon, grid, TIN and network etc., so that it promotes the integrated expression in sky/ground/underground and actual application of 3D GIS in universal space.

Based on 2D&3D integration data model, 3D solid data model is proposed to solve the issue of expression and analysis of discrete and homogeneous 3D solid space. TIM and Voxel Grid are developed to overcome the difficulty of expression and analysis of continuous and non- homogeneous 3D space. From the core level of GIS basic platform, ascending dimension of the spatial data model is realized from 2D to 3D, from plane network to 3D network, from TIN to TIM, from plane grid to Voxel Grid. It forms a complete spatial data model system covering discrete objects and continuous space and achieves the universal spatial expression for real world. And it not only improves theoretical system of 3D GIS and promotes the development of that to a deeper and more practical direction, but also extends the connotation of 3D GIS.

2.?Dynamic Model Monomer Technology

SuperMap proposed a Dynamic Model Monomer Technology. At the visualization level, Shadow Rendering Technique attached on the vector data polygon of oblique photographic data and laser point cloud. Without cutting the data, the monomer expression of the two was realized.

At the data level, the technology realized dynamic association between vector polygon data and oblique photography model data or laser point cloud data. And it not only is used for data updating, but also realizes the purpose that the latter two are associated with the business data depended on attribute query and spatial query function. This technology solves the problem of the two in GIS practice and effectively boosts their application in surveying, urban planning, smart city and other industries.

3.?3D Model Symbol Technology

Through 3D symbol technology, spatial elements（point, line and polygon）are rapidly constructed and visually expressed in 3D scenes, which achieve real reproduction for these 3 types of elements in 3D scenes and effectively increase the utilization rate of basic surveying data, and it also reduces the modeling cost of 3D data.

4.?Multi-Source Data Integration Technology

SuperMap GIS provides full-process solution and Dynamic Monomer Technology for oblique photography model data, which overcomes the difficulties that oblique photographic modeling data cannot directly query and manage object. It is the first to break through the key technology: native loading oblique photography model data in TB level in 3D GIS platform, dynamic coordinate transformation and real-time rendering.

SuperMap GIS realizes the fast loading and smooth display of high-precision laser point cloud data, and it supports the monomer query, measurement and setting color table to meet users’ needs.

Cooperated with partners, the company developed three data export plugins for BIM design software: Revit、Bentley、CATIA. At the same time, they support access to data formats such as Civil 3D and IFC. And it researched accurate match of BIM and GIS data in centimeter level, real- time rendering of BIM models above the million level, spatial analysis of BIM model and other key technologies. Complete BIM+GIS function can help urban design and CIM construction.

SuperMap integrates multi-source data such as oblique photography model, BIM, fine model, point cloud data, vector data, underground pipeline, terrain, dynamic water, field model. Finally, it forms 3D Geospatial Tile Specification（Spatial 3D Model，S3M) and breaks through the technical bottleneck of large-scale 3D data transmission and analysis under B/S. It also provides an open, standard and universal data foundation for 3D spatial data sharing and interoperability between different application systems, further promoting multi-source heterogeneous 3D data integration. At the same time, it is compatible with a variety of software & hardware environments, significantly reducing the costs in construction, management and operation and maintenance aspects of 3D GIS application systems.

5.?High Performance 3D GIS Technology

A 3D earth engine is developed to solve the key issues :1. Multi-resolution representation at the global scale. 2.Management and scheduling of spatial data on the digital earth. 3.Developing several technologies to improve rendering performance, including: rendering engine technology, LOD technology, Batch rendering technology, Texture compression technology. The Render Relative To Eye Using GPU was developed to solve the problem of insufficient rendering precision for large- scale scenes.

SuperMap has the 3D spatial analysis function with real-time analysis, instant completion and result export. The visualization effect of 3D spatial analysis can be displayed in the 3D scene in real time, and the results can be exported for the secondary spatial analysis.

On the basis of achieving efficient rendering of large-scale 3D data, data storage and management has become an urgent problem. SuperMap utilizes distributed technology to achieve efficient full- process management of large-scale 3D data (such as oblique photography model, laser point clouds, terrain, and images) and realizes the efficiency of 3D data from data access, data processing, service release and multi-terminal applications management

6.?High Realistic 3D Special Effect

In terms of realism and special effects of 3D scenes, SuperMap GIS not only supports a variety of 3D special effects, but also provides a high-performance particle system, which provides strong support for the construction of high-realistic 3D scenes.

In terms of special effects, by supporting various 3D special effects such as custom light source, texture animation, self-illumination, scan line with additional texture, flood light, high dynamic lighting (HDR), physics-based rendering (PBR), OIT transparent rendering, etc, many more cool 3D effects can be combined. The custom light source function not only supports a variety of light source types (point light source, spot light, parallel light), but also has customizable parameters, and most importantly, it has high performance characteristics. At the same time, it also realizes different scanning effects such as hexagonal and circular scanning, and supports custom texture mapping. The texture-set scan line can be used for analog signal emission.

In addition, SuperMap GIS also provides a high-performance particle system to simulate natural phenomena such as flames, fountains, rain and snow, which improves the rendering performance, provides irregular surface emitter, and supports the setting of particle areas of any shape. Particle system special effects can be widely used in emergency rescue, weather simulation and other fields.

Figure 1. Ocean,?Sky 3D?Special?Effects

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