Advanced Modelling of Solid Oxide Cells for Power-to-X Applications

The MESH project focused on applying Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs) for Power-to-X (PtX) applications, with an emphasis on renewable energy storage and biogas methanation. The project successfully explored how to improve the efficiency of converting surplus renewable electricity into fuels and chemicals. A key achievement was the implementation of AC: DC operation, where an AC current is applied on top of a DC current to regulate temperature more effectively within the cells during electrolysis.

Enhancing Temperature Control with AC: DC Operation

One of the project’s main outcomes was improving temperature management in SOECs through AC: DC operation. Traditional DC operation can lead to uneven heating, reducing efficiency. The AC: DC method, however, maintained a more uniform temperature across the cells, enhancing performance and reducing reliance on external heat sources. This approach proved effective in ensuring stable operation in PtX processes, such as renewable fuel production.

Development of 2D and 3D Models

As part of the project, both 2D and 3D models of SOECs were developed to understand cell behavior under AC conditions. The 2D model provided fast insights into internal flow and electrochemical reactions within a single cell. However, the more complex 3D model was needed to simulate effects like temperature distribution and gas flow at the stack level, offering a complete view of system performance.

COMSOL Application for Cell Simulation

A COMSOL application was developed to simulate SOEC behavior under various operating conditions. This tool allows users to model the cells in electrolysis, fuel cell, or AC: DC modes, enabling further analysis and optimization. By adjusting the operating parameters, researchers could explore different configurations and improve system efficiency without requiring extensive physical experiments.

Collaborative Effort in Green Energy

The MESH project, funded by Innovation Fund Denmark, was a collaborative effort involving Aalborg University, the Technical University of Denmark, Dynelectro, Resolvent Denmark, and Evida Service Nord. This partnership succeeded in advancing the understanding and use of SOECs for renewable energy storage and conversion, contributing valuable insights into the practical application of AC: DC operation in PtX systems.

Read more on our blog.