Advanced Driver Assistance Systems(ADAS)

ADAS is the abbreviation of Advanced Driver Assistance System. Simply is making active judgments and preventive measures before the driver's response in an emergency to achieve the role of prevention and assistance. ADAS is not exactly autonomous driving. It can be said that the two research focuses are completely different. ADAS is essentially assisted driving, the core is environmental perception, while autonomous driving is artificial intelligence, and the system is very different. However, ADAS can also be regarded as a prerequisite for autonomous vehicles. To determine whether a system is an ADAS system or an autonomous driving system, the key depends on whether the system has a decision-making part. 

The sensors used in ADAS mainly include cameras, radars, lasers and ultrasonics, etc., which can detect light, heat, pressure or other variables used to monitor the state of the car. They are usually located on the front and rear bumpers, side mirrors, inside of the steering column or windshield and on the mirror. Early ADAS technology was mainly based on passive alarms. When a vehicle detects a potential hazard, an alarm will be issued to remind the driver to pay attention to abnormal vehicle or road conditions. In recent years, the ADAS market has grown rapidly. This type of system was originally limited to the high-end market but is now entering the mid-range market. At the same time, many low-tech applications are more common in the entry-level passenger car field, and new and improved sensor technologies are also creating new opportunities and strategies for system deployment.ADAS generally includes AEBS(Advanced emergency braking system).

FCWS(forward-collision warning system) and other early warning and execution control functions, and the ADAS system that realizes these functions mainly includes three execution processes: environmental perception, calculation analysis, and control execution. The first is environmental perception: different systems need to use different types of vehicle sensors, including cameras, millimetre wave radar, ultrasonic radar, infrared sensors, CCD/CMOS (Charge-coupled device/Complementary MOS) and wheel speed sensors, etc., to collect the working status of the entire vehicle And its parameter changes, and change the constantly changing mechanical motion into electronic parameters (voltage, resistance and current). Now the sensor data is used as the basis for the next step calculation analysis and early warning and control. For example, lane departure warning systems use CMOS image sensors, night vision systems use infrared sensors, adaptive speed control usually uses radar, and parking assist systems use ultrasound.