7 Lean Principles to Follow in Software Development
Just like a blueprint is used in construction, and a recipe is followed when preparing a meal, there are principles to follow for efficacious software development. These principles boil down to what is usually referred to as a software development methodology. A software development methodology is imperative as it contains procedures that lead to software development success.
Building a software product without following the right principles is a recipe for disaster. You will miss a lot of crucial steps and eventually have a myriad of software quality challenges. As a project manager, it is vital to know that there are many approaches to follow for a software project including lean development approach and that when chosen correctly, a software development methodology will always produce a high-quality software product.
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Lean Software Development
Lean development methodology is a type agile approach that was founded on lean manufacturing principles. Lean manufacturing comprises highly successful principles that were first used by the Toyota Production System as a practice to manage and optimize vehicle production processes to increase customer value and minimize waste.
So, if lean principles have to do with motor vehicle manufacturing, where does software development come in??We know that manufacturing and software development are different – manufacturing involves the creation of physical products while software products are intangible and its value can only be perceived and created within the minds of the development team.
The mapping between lean manufacturing and lean software development originated in 2003 in a book titled “Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit” by Mary and Tom Poppendieck. In the book, the Poppendiecks interpret how lean manufacturing principles can be productively applied to software development. Manufacturing and software development follow repeatable procedures and necessitates precise quality standards. They also rely on teamwork to get done. Thus, the seven lean manufacturing principles can apply and be used in software development.
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Seven Lean Principles to Follow for Software Development
Because of enabling a faster way of developing software products, agile development approaches are popular for many development companies. These companies have already adopted lean development principles. Here are the 7 lean principles that you can apply in your software development projects:
The first principle to follow in lean development is to eliminate anything that does bring value to an end-user. In software development, this principle can be implemented by first identifying the value of the software product to be built. This will make it easier to detect 'waste' - anything that doesn't add value to a product or to users, including unnecessary code, unclear requirements, extra features, and processes. Other phases of the methodology that bring no value also need to be removed. There are tools to help in identifying waste in software development including Value Stream Mapping.
Software development in itself is a knowledge-generating progression. The create knowledge principle thus encourages development teams to have the right structures to enable proper learning. Sounds simple but the principle requires total focus and commitment. It can be implemented through performing training, code reviews, adequate code comments, pair programming, project documentation, sharing sessions and more.
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A lean development team should ensure that their focus is on quality. They should therefore not depend on ensuring a non-faulty end product. Conversely, teams should keep on enhancing the development process and cease dispersing defects in the product from the very beginning for a functional end-product.
Agile development techniques focus on delivering software quickly. Lean development being an agile approach also emphasizes fast software delivery.?It means that a project team has to deliver a targeted component to users at the right time.?For your team, create even and stable workflows that come from understanding process value to facilitate faster results.
Empowering your project team requires respect for everyone – people working together as a team should respect each other. When things go wrong, and they will, don't blame people. As a substitute, check for gaps in the process that could lead to challenges and conflicts. Create a favorable working environment for everyone and lead by example. Moreover, let team members choose and identify the right approaches and tools for any assigned project.
Conventionally, we tend to make decisions as quickly as possible, which sounds controversial. As a lean principle, deciding late does not imply irresponsible behavior in making decisions. Instead, it encourages a project team to keep options open for a longer period. This is to gather more data and information that can help them reach crucial decisions. Delaying to make a decision gives you more time to learn and gain more knowledge which results in even better decisions. As a consequence, your project doesn’t suffer negative impacts from poor decision making. Think about it, would you rather make a rash decision and regret later, or take some time to gather information and make the right decision?
Always optimize the entire development flow as well as sub-processes. If you add value to only one or just a few processes, the end product will be affected, and your results will be sub-optimized. You shouldn’t launch an inferior product because you didn’t have time. To deal with sub-optimization, the optimize as a whole principle encourages the elimination of vicious development and testing cycles and instead operating with better work capacities. Optimizing the whole allows the identification of process value flows for a complete team, which enables faster and more valuable delivery. Optimize the entire value stream from start to finish.
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Conclusion
Lean manufacturing revolutionized the product line of the Toyota company. Applied in software development, lean software development principles can facilitate high-quality software products.