5G Wireless System: is it the future?

Abstract:

5G Technology stands for fifth Generation Mobile technology. From generation 1G to 2.5G and from 3G to 5G this world of telecommunication has seen a number of improvements along with improved performance with every passing day. This fast revolution in mobile computing changes our day to day life that is way we work, interact, learn etc. This paper also focuses on all preceding generations of mobile communication along with fifth generation technology. Fifth generation network provide affordable broadband wireless connectivity (very high speed). The paper throws light on network architecture of fifth generation technology. Currently 5G term is not officially used. In fifth generation researches are being made on development of World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Networks (DAWN) and Real Wireless World. Fifth generation focus on (Voice Over IP) VOIP-enabled devices that user will experience a high level of call volume and data transmission. Fifth generation technology will fulfill all the requirements of customers who always want advanced features in cellular phones. The main features in 5G mobile network is that user can simultaneously connect to the multiple wireless technologies and can switch between them. This forthcoming mobile technology will support IPv6 and flat IP. Fifth generation technology will offer the services like Documentation, supporting electronic transactions (e-Payments, e-transactions) etc.

Keywords:

5 G, 5G Architecture, Evolution from 1G to 5G, Comparison of all Generations, Why 5G? .

Introduction :

Wireless communication has started in early 1970s. In next four decades, a mobile wireless technology has evolved from 1G to 5G generations. Fifth generation technology offer very high bandwidth that user never experienced before. The Fifth generation technologies offer various new advanced features which makes it most powerful and in huge demand in the future. Now days different wireless and mobile technologies are present such as third generation mobile networks (UMTSUniversal Mobile Telecommunication System, cdma2000), LTE (Long Term Evolution), WiFi (IEEE 802.11 wireless networks), WiMAX (IEEE 802.16 wireless and mobile networks), as well as sensor networks, or personal area networks (e.g. Bluetooth, ZigBee). Mobile terminals include variety of interfaces like GSM which are based on circuit switching. All wireless and mobile networks implements allIP principle, that means all data and signaling will be transferred via IP (Internet Protocol) on network layer. Fifth generation technology provide facilities like camera, MP3 recording, video player, large phone memory, audio player etc. that user never imagine and for children rocking fun with Bluetooth technology and Piconets. The fifth generation wireless mobile multimedia internet networks can be completely wireless communication without limitation, which makes perfect wireless real world – World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW). Fifth generation is based on 4G technologies. The 5th wireless mobile internet networks are real wireless world which shall be supported by LASCDMA(Large Area Synchronized Code-Division Multiple Access),OFDM(Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing), MCCDMA(Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access), UWB(Ultra-wideband), Network-LMDS( Local Multipoint Distribution Service), and IPv6. Fifth generation technologies offers tremendous data capabilities and unrestricted call volumes and infinite data broadcast together within latest mobile operating system. Fifth generation should make an important difference and add more services and benefits to the world over 4G. Fifth generation should be more intelligent technology that interconnects the entire world without limits. This generation is expected to be released around 2020. The world of universal, uninterrupted access to information, entertainment and communication will open new dimension to our lives and change our life style significantly. 

Evolution:

Mobile communication has become more popular in last few years due to fast revolution in mobile technology. This revolution is due to very high increase in telecoms customers. This revolution is from 1G- the first generation, 2G- the second generation, 3G- the third generation, and then the 4Gthe forth generation,5G-the fifth second generation.

A. First Generation(1G)

1G emerged in 1980s. It contains Analog System and popularly known as cell phones. It introduces mobile technologies such as Mobile Telephone System (MTS), Advanced Mobile Telephone System (AMTS), Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), and Push to Talk (PTT). It uses analog radio signal which have frequency 150 MHz, voice call modulation is done using a technique called Frequency-Division Multiple Access (FDMA).It has low capacity, unreliable handoff, poor voice links, and no security at all since voice calls were played back in radio towers, making these calls susceptible to unwanted eavesdropping by third parties.

B. Second Generation(2G)

2G emerged in late 1980s. It uses digital signals for voice transmission and has speed of 64 kbps. It provides facility of SMS(Short Message Service) and use the bandwidth of 30 to 200 KHz. Next to 2G, 2.5G system uses packet switched and circuit switched domain and provide data rate up to 144 kbps. E.g. GPRS, CDMA and EDGE.

C. Third Generation(3G)

It uses Wide Brand Wireless Network with which clarity is increased. The data are sent through the technology called Packet Switching. Voice calls are interpreted through Circuit Switching. Along with verbal communication it includes data services, access to television/video, new services like Global Roaming. It operates at a range of 2100MHz and has a bandwidth of 15-20MHz used for High-speed internet service, video chatting.3G uses Wide Band Voice Channel that is by this the world has been contracted to a little village because a person can contact with other person located in any part of the world and can even send messages too.

D. Fourth Generation(4G)

4G offers a downloading speed of 100Mbps.4G provides same feature as 3G and additional services like Multi-Media Newspapers, to watch T.V programs with more clarity and send Data much faster than previous generations [3]. LTE (Long Term Evolution) is considered as 4G technology. 4G is being developed to accommodate the QoS and rate requirements set by forthcoming applications like wireless broadband access, Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), video chat, mobile TV, HDTV content, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), minimal services like voice and data, and other services that utilize bandwidth.

E. Fifth Generation (5G)

Fifth generation mobile systems model is all-IP based model for wireless and mobile networks interoperability. The All-IP Network (AIPN) is capable to fulfill increasing demands of the cellular communications market. It is a common platform for all radio access technologies. The AIPN uses packet switching and its continuous evolution provides optimized performance and cost. In fifth generation Network Architecture consist of a user terminal (which has a crucial role in the new architecture) and a number of independent, autonomous radio access technologies (RAT) [1]. In 5G Network Architecture all IP based mobile applications and services such as Mobile portals, Mobile commerce, Mobile health care, Mobile government, Mobile banking and others, are offered via Cloud Computing Resources (CCR). Cloud computing is a model for convenient on-demand network access to configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services). Cloud computing allows consumers to use applications without installation and access their personal data at any computer with internet access. CCR links the Reconfigurable.

Multi Technology Core (RMTC) with remote reconfiguration data from RRD attached to Reconfiguration Data models (RDM). The main challenge for a RMTC is to deal with increasing different radio access technologies. The core is a convergence of the nanotechnology, cloud computing and radio, and based on All IP Platform. Core changes its communication functions depending on status of the network and/or user demands. RMTC is connected to different radio access technologies ranging from 2G/GERAN to 3G/UTRAN and 4G/EUTRAN in addition to 802.11x WLAN and 802.16x WMAN. Other standards are also enabled such as IS/95, EVDO, CDMA2000...etc. Interoperability process-criteria and mechanisms enable both terminal and RMTC to select from heterogeneous access systems.

5G - Advantages

5th generation technology offers a wide range of features, which are beneficial for all group of people including, students, professionals (doctors, engineers, teachers, governing bodies, administrative bodies, etc.) and even for a common man.

Important Advantages

There are several advantages of 5G technology, some of the advantages have been shown in the above Ericsson image, and many others are described below ?

• High resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
• Technology to gather all networks on one platform.
• More effective and efficient.
• Technology to facilitate subscriber supervision tools for the quick action.
• Most likely, will provide a huge broadcasting data (in Gigabit), which will support more than 60,000 connections.
• Easily manageable with the previous generations.
• Technological sound to support heterogeneous services (including private network).
• Possible to provide uniform, uninterrupted, and consistent connectivity across the world.

Some Other Advantages for the Common People:

Parallel multiple services, such as you can know weather and location while talking with other person.You can control your PCs by handsets.Education will become easier ? A student sitting in any part of world can attend the class.Medical Treatment will become easier & frugal ? A doctor can treat the patient located in remote part of the world.Monitoring will be easier ? A governmental organization and investigating offers can monitor any part of the world. Possible to reduce the crime rate.Visualizing universe, galaxies, and planets will be possible.Possible to locate and search the missing person.Possible, natural disaster including tsunami, earthquake etc. can be detected faster.

5G Disadvantages 

Though, 5G technology is researched and conceptualized to solve all radio signal problems and hardship of mobile world, but because of some security reason and lack of technological advancement in most of the geographic regions, it has following shortcomings ?

• Technology is still under process and research on its viability is going on.
• The speed, this technology is claiming seems difficult to achieve (in future, it might be) because of the incompetent technological support in most parts of the world.
• Many of the old devices would not be competent to 5G, hence, all of them need to be replaced with new one — expensive deal.
• Developing infrastructure needs high cost.
• Security and privacy issue yet to be solved.

The Road to the Future:

In the year 2020, 5G will be on the rise since it has the potential to change the world.

The arrival of 5G will not only transform tech but it will also provide an entirely new mobile experience. This wireless technology is being introduced with the primary aim to reduce maintenance costs and energy consumption.

According to a study, 5G is expected to deliver speeds up to 100 times faster than typical 4G technology. As 5G technologies have been continuously evolving, it will certainly change the way we spend our lives, our communications will be faster than you can imagine plus our connections will be stronger. But with such sky-high expectations also come some challenges.

When you imagine a future powered by 5G, connected factory devices that “talk” to each other, mobile internet-connected to multiple devices at the same time, different vehicles communicating with the roads they travel on, and accessibility of information at unprecedented speeds will come to mind.

This goes without saying that the new generation of technology opens new opportunities for telecommunications service providers. The arrival of 5G, the fifth-generation network has been the talk of the town lately. But, if you still are not clear about what 5G is all about, this article is for you!

To fully understand the potential of 5G, it’s important to know how it will take the technology world by storm.

Starting Off with Non-Standalone 5G

The 5G network is more likely to bring a dramatic transformation in mobile technology. The non-standalone 5G networks would show what hyper-fast 5G will look like. Bear in mind that these non-standalone 5G networks try to utilize different radio frequency ranges at the same time.

In particular, they make use of two different higher bandwidths frequencies for faster speeds. This simply means that you would be able to download your favorite movie and TV show far quicker than a 4G LTE network.

IoT

One of the most important aspects of 5G are the fact that it has a great impact on the Internet of Things (IoT). Even though we have sensors or devices that are capable of communicating with each other, they need multiple resources and are instantly draining LTE data capacity.

As 5G provides unbeatable speeds and low-latency connectivity in every household, the smart devices could be easily replaced with dumb terminals. These terminals would get their commands or directions from the edge computing systems that are close to them. It will be a whole lot easier for you to control health monitors, kitchen appliances, and climate control systems. In addition to that, the role played by IoT today is more likely to be played by 5G in the future.

Small Cell Infrastructure Could Integrate with the Landscape in a Better Way

In order to cut the costs for 5G operators, 5G uses a smaller transmitter because they consume less energy and power. But the only downside to this is that they could only cover a few service areas as compared to typical 4G towers. Hence, a carrier will feel the need to have more of them so they can be integrated better with the landscape. If you are still confused about how 5G would be a better choice, then you need to do your research using AT&T internet.

Improved Health Care

The availability of ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) which is a component of 5G has the potential to fundamentally revolutionize health care for individuals, that too nationwide. Since URLLC is responsible for reducing 5G latency, you would be able to witness a big transformation in overall mobile technology and a world of new possibilities will unfold. Patients from rural areas would no longer be forced to alter their lifestyle and move to cities, away from their relatives and livelihood, just to get the level of care and the treatment they deserve.

Not only that, but you will also see a dramatic improvement in precision surgery, telemedicine, remote surgery, and even physical therapy via AR in the years to come. The massive Machine-type Communications (MMTC) is more likely to play a crucial role in the sector of healthcare. With its help, hospitals would be able to create massive sensor networks that can be used to monitor patients, their habits, behaviors, and activities using corresponding sensors in wearables, smartphones, and multiple connected devices. Besides that, even physicians could prescribe smart pills in order to track compliance. Also, the insurers would be allowed to keep track of processes and treatments.

Autonomous Vehicles

Have you ever imagined vehicles communicating with other vehicles on the road? If you haven’t, now is the time to do that! With the arrival of 5G across the U.S., you would be able to witness autonomous vehicles rise at the same rate 5G is deployed.

In the years to come, your vehicle would have the potential to give a performance information and also provide information to automakers and drivers about road conditions, security and more.

Improve broadband

The dramatic transition to 5G will, without a doubt, change the way you interact with technology on a regular basis. However, it is also essential if you want to continue using mobile broadband.

In different metropolitan areas, wireless companies are already running out of LTE capacity. In fact, consumers experience slow internet speeds in some cities as well. That’s the reason why 5G adds a spectrum in bands that are used for commercial broadband traffic.

To Wrap Up

Albeit the fact that 5G is bound to change the way we consume information, entertainment and how we communicate with each other, the change will not happen overnight. Even though some companies have successfully introduced 5G-capable handsets, it might require more time for the proper availability of 5G. But it is expected that the maximum number of 5G connections would exist in the years to come.

Once 5G is fully operational, there will no need for any kind of cable or wire to deliver entertainment or communications service to your mobile device. If everything works, 5G would be the optimum solution for the people who want to stream 8K video in a flash and also wish to download feature-length movies in a matter of seconds. With 5G speeds and connectivity, consumers would be able to crystal-clear video calls and enjoy graphics-rich mobile games without having to deal with lag.

The future in 5G

The 5G future is already here and will soon become far more evenly distributed. Consumers will soon start buying 5G smartphones and 5G coverage will expand beyond a few patches in capital cities. Private and public sector organisations will have to adapt to a world where vast amounts of data can fly around in real time.

No singular country will play a dominant role in the imminent 5G revolution. But a handful of countries will emerge as leaders in the space. One is a nation that has been at the forefront of innovation for more than 250 years.

A prominent history and promising future

Great Britain's commitment to leading innovation is in its DNA. It was the birthplace of the First Industrial Revolution, and, despite their characteristic self-effacement, the British also played seminal roles in the second and third industrial revolutions. Two Cambridge-educated mathematicians, Charles Babbage and Alan Turing, invented the computer. It was an Oxford-educated computer scientist, Sir Timothy Berners-Lee, who invented the World Wide Web. And the mass take-up of smartphones and tablets was facilitated by British company Arm, which provided essential CPU and GPU technology.

Long before most countries grasped the significance of the fourth industrial revolution, British governments, businesses and universities were collaborating closely and investing heavily to "put the UK at the forefront of the industries of the future" and meet four 'Grand Challenges' that will profoundly transform society in the future.

These challenges are:

AI and data – That is, putting transformative artificial intelligence, machine learning and other dataset-based technologies to the best possible use to achieve both economic and social goals.

For example, along with creating high-paid jobs and driving GDP growth, British AI start-ups such as Babylon Health, Benevolent AI and Lifebit are facilitating virtual medical consultations, the development of new medicines and more insightful analysis of DNA data.

Ageing society – As the number of elderly citizens grows in the UK (and throughout the developed world), emerging technologies are being harnessed to maintain this group's quality of life.

For example, British agetech start-up Birdie has developed a platform that uses apps and connected devices to unobtrusively keep tabs on the elderly, allowing them to live independently in their homes.

Clean growth – That is, positioning the UK as a leader in the transition to low-carbon technologies. For example, UK Greentech start-up MacRebur has worked out how to use waste plastic to make roads.

Future of mobility – How people, goods and services are being moved around within cities, nations and, ultimately, the world is being rapidly re-imagined. Autonomous vehicles are already gaining traction and there are plenty of UK tech companies ushering in the driverless future.

For example, Aurrigo is manufacturing ‘pods’ that allow people to complete the first and last mile of their journey to and from transport hubs, such as bus, ferry, tram or railway stations. Aurrigo has an office in Adelaide and has been trialing its pods at a Port Elliot retirement village, much to the delight of residents.

Common throughout just about all four of the challenges is the need for near-instantaneous transfer of large volumes of data and information – which will ultimately be facilitated by 5G.

The perspicacity pay-off

Lots of countries talk a good game on digital-economy innovation but the reality can fall far short of the rhetoric. As a result of a lot of good management and a bit of good luck, the UK has unarguably established itself as a fourth-industrial-revolution powerhouse.

London – now known as ‘the Silicon Valley of Europe’ – boasts the second most connected tech ecosystem in the world. In total, the UK has more than 223,000 tech businesses which contribute ￡184 billion to its economy every year. Almost all the tech and telecommunication heavyweights (Cisco, Ericsson, Intel, Nokia, Samsung, Telefonica and Vodafone) are queuing up to ‘co-innovate’ with British researchers and start-up founders.

British firms are playing a role in creating the 'poles and wires' infrastructure of 5G. But their main focus has been on creating the software that will allow all manner of sci-fi scenarios to materialise once ultra-high bandwidth is widely available.

Australia wakes up to the 5G opportunity

A Deloitte report released in late 2018 predicted 5G networks could add A$50 billion to Australia’s GDP after the first decade of roll-out. The report also found 78 per cent of Australian business leaders said faster, more reliable telecommunications would benefit their business. What’s more, 69 per cent of them expected to be using 5G before the end of 2020.

Commenting on the report, Telstra CEO Andy Penn said: "Australia needs an ambitious agenda to fast track the adoption of 5G." Penn then noted that 80 per cent of Australian businesses were planning to use "new technologies that will be enabled by 5G within the next three years, such as artificial intelligence, drones and augmented reality".

In early 2019, Australia’s Minister for Communications, Cyber Safety and the Arts Paul Fletcher said: "5G is enormously important and it’s going to have a major impact on a whole range of different sectors… [5G] has a role in things like driverless vehicles, or remote-controlled agricultural or mining vehicles".

What Britain brings to the table

Before marching into the glorious 5G future, Australian businesses and government departments will need to source the requisite technology. Jeff Peel is a business technology specialist and consultant for the UK’s Department for International Trade. He believes Britain will be able to supply much of the 5G kit Australia will soon need.

“The UK can’t be and isn’t trying to be brilliant at everything to do with 5G,” he says. “But it is a leader in amalgam solutions. That is, mixing and matching elements of the 5G ecosystem – for instance, radio frequency, cloud and physical layer technologies – to develop software-defined networks. UK start-ups are creating the complex heterogeneous networks that will provide next-generation solutions.”

For those having trouble visualising what a 'next-generation solution' might look like, Peel points to 5G-dependent IoT sensors on fish farms.

"The UK consumes and exports a lot of salmon," he says. "Most of it is farmed in remote parts of Scotland that haven’t previously enjoyed good internet coverage. Thanks to a co-innovation project involving business, government and academia, IoT sensors installed in Scottish salmon farms now relay information about pH levels, salinity and temperature in real time via a 5G network. That means action can be taken swiftly if anything threatens fish stocks."

FarmWizard is a British company that does something similar with cattle, though its software receives data from RFID chips attached to livestock. In 2018, FarmWizard was acquired by Australian agritech superstar AgriWebb. "FarmWizard developed a technology that allowed cattle farmers to use mobile devices to monitor herds,” founder Terry Canning says. “But with 5G we can expect a transformation of agritech. We’ll have the ability to integrate remote monitoring much more into farm and livestock management."

Peel points out that, like AgriWebb, many Australian start-ups have opened offices in, or even relocated to, the UK over the past decade. He suspects the Anglo-Australian start-up traffic will now become much more two-way.

"Post-Brexit, many UK tech businesses will be keen to forge commercial relationships with Australian organisations," he says. "There will be basic, transactional exchanges. For instance, Australian networking operators might source off-the-shelf radio technology from British businesses such as Lime Microsystems. But I suspect we'll also see many Australian and British businesses forging ongoing collaborative relationships. Also, Australian start-ups will buy British ones or seek to raise funding in the London capital markets. However the commercial relationships end up playing out, the UK has plenty of 5G-enabled smart city, smart factory, e-health and immersive VR/AR technology to offer Australia."

Foundational enhancements for future mobile broadband and more

While Release 15 established a solid technology foundation for 5G NR in both sub-7 GHz and mmWave, we continue to work on multiple fronts to further improve its performance and efficiency, including better coverage, capacity, latency, mobility, power, and more. These enhancements will benefit not only core mobile broadband services and smartphone connectivity, but also the expanded use cases that 5G NR is bringing with Release 16 and beyond.

One key area of foundational research is continued advancements to multiple antenna MIMO technology. We are working on enhancements that can deliver more optimized downlink and uplink massive MIMO operations, reduced signaling overhead, lower latency, and expanded support for multiple transmission points. For both sub-7 GHz and mmWave, this work involves complex end-to-end testbed experimentation including RF designs as well as proving out the systems algorithm implementations on the network and device side. In addition, we are also focusing on further reduction of device power consumption with features like enhanced C-DRX (connected mode discontinuous reception) and 2-step RACH (simplified random-access procedure). Improving mobility is another core research area for multi-radio access systems with enhancements for minimizing interruptions during a handover, allowing for quicker activation of carrier aggregation, and supporting more seamless dual connectivity.

Leveraging Cellular-V2X for smarter transportation

Our vision for the future of smarter transportation builds on a variety of R&D investigations focused on making our roads safer, our cars more autonomous, and our in-vehicle experiences more enjoyable. A core enabling technology of our 5G automotive vision is Cellular-Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X), which allows cars to communicate, even in non-line-of-slight (NLOS) situations, to other cars (V2V), road infrastructure (V2I), pedestrians (V2P), and networks (V2N).

From a standardization standpoint, with the solid C-V2X foundation in 3GPP Releases 14 and 15, we are now working on 5G NR-based C-V2X in Release 16 with a focus on supporting advanced automotive use cases to help make driving safer, travel faster, and energy consumption more efficient. The advancements of C-V2X gives cars the ability to share their sensor data with one another, making it possible for cars to avoid collisions in more situations. Better situational awareness and intention sharing can allow drivers and cars to coordinate their trips more efficiently, thereby leading to traffic avoidance for faster travel and lower energy consumption.

Ultra-reliability and low-latency for high performance Industrial IoT (IIoT)

One of the key goals in 5G was to expand cellular to new vertical markets and use cases, and 5G IIoT is one area that is generating a lot of interest from both the mobile and industrial ecosystems. There is an opportunity for 5G to become the de-facto connectivity solution for “Industry 4.0”, providing a scalable solution that can efficiently address the wide range of IIoT device and service requirements.

 We are also expanding support for private 5G networks in Release 16, which can utilize different types of spectrum – licensed, shared, and unlicensed. In our 5G IIoT and shared spectrum R&D testbeds, we are experimenting with new spatial approaches that could provide higher capacity and reliability. One key use case for a private 5G network is IIoT: by leveraging 5G NR URLLC to support time-sensitive networking (TSN), 5G can meet the most stringent IIoT use case requirements, achieving reliability up to 99.9999% with an end-to-end latency as low as a millisecond. What will this do? This will allow 5G to replace today’s wired industrial ethernet to make factories more flexible and reconfigurable. In addition, we are also working on new features such as precise positioning, which is an important requirement for many IIoT use cases such as ground robots and asset tracking. To learn more about the use of 5G in IIoT,

The Future of 5G Communications

Due to the speed, massive capacity and super low latency of the Verizon 5G Ultra Wideband network, the potential for technological growth is vast. Find out how 5G Ultra Wideband and IoT can work in tandem, as well as how 5G technology is expected to impact business overall.

5G and IoT: The Possibilities

5G is important to the Internet of Things because of the need for a faster network with higher capacity that can serve connectivity needs. The 5G spectrum expands the frequencies on which digital cellular technologies will transfer data. This wider spectrum available for use increases the overall bandwidth of cellular networks, allowing for additional devices to connect.

Another area where 5G Ultra Wideband could impact the Internet of Things is enhancing virtual and augmented reality (AR/VR). 5G Ultra Wideband’s ultra-low latency can improve the AR/VR experience, and opens possibilities for such technology in business, education and elsewhere.

5G and Business IoT

5G-enabled IoT is expected not only to enable technological growth; it is also projected to help support 22 million jobs around the world. This job growth is expected to come from the digitization of transportation, agriculture, manufacturing and other physical industries. Consider also construction sites, mines, oil derricks and freighter fleets: these industries would benefit greatly from ultra-fast data transmission to the time-sensitive nature of their output.

5G has the potential to drive advancements in smart machinery as well as smart manufacturing. Thinking even bigger, 5G could enable IoT to run virtually instantaneous traffic analyses, improve security and public safety and possibly enable remote surgery.

The Future of 5G: Comparing 3 Generations of Wireless Technology

Wireless technology has evolved rapidly since the turn of the century. From voice-only 2G capabilities and internet-enabled 3G, today’s ecosystem of wireless activity is founded on the reliable connection of 4G.

Fifth-generation wireless network technology, better known as 5G, is now being rolled out in major cities worldwide. By 2024, an estimated 1.5 billion mobile users─which account for 40% of current global activity─will be using 5G wireless networks.

Today’s chart highlights three generations of wireless technology in the 21st century, and the differences between 3G, 4G, and 5G networks.

5G: The Next Great Thing?

With over 5 billion mobile users worldwide, our world is growing more connected than ever.

Data from GSMA Intelligence shows how rapidly global traffic could grow across different networks:

• 2018: 43% of mobile users on 4G
• 2025: 59% of mobile users on 4G, 15% of mobile users on 5G

But as with any new innovation, consumers should expect both positives and negatives as the technology matures.

Benefits

• IoT Connectivity
• 5G networks will significantly optimize communication between the Internet of Things (IoT) devices to make our lives more convenient.
• Low latency
• Also known as lag, latency is the time it takes for data to be transferred over networks. Users may see latency rates drop as low as one millisecond.
• High speeds
• Real-time streaming may soon be a reality through 5G networks. Downloading a two-hour movie takes a whopping 26 hours over 3G networks and roughly six minutes on 4G networks─however, it’ll only take 3.6 seconds over 5G.

Drawbacks

• Distance from nodes
• Walls, trees, and even rain can significantly block 5G wireless signals.
• Requires many nodes
• Many 5G nodes will need to be installed to offer the same level of coverage found on 4G.
• Restricted to 5G-enabled devices
• Users can’t simply upgrade their software. Instead, they will need a 5G-enabled device to access the network.

Global 5G Networks

5G still has a way to go before it reaches mainstream adoption. Meanwhile, countries and cities are racing to install the infrastructure needed for the next wave of innovation to hit.

Since late 2018, over 25 countries have deployed 5G wireless networks. Notable achievements include South Korea, which became the first country globally to launch 5G wireless technology in April 2019. Switzerland boasts the highest number of 5G network deployments, currently at 225 and counting.

To date, China has built roughly 350,000 5G sites─compared to the less than 20,000 in the U.S.─and plans to invest an additional US$400 billion in infrastructure by 2023. Chinese mobile providers plan to launch 5G services starting in 2020.

What Does This Mean For 4G?

4G isn’t going anywhere anytime soon. As 5G gradually rolls out, 4G and 5G networks will need to work together to support the wave of IoT devices entering the market. This network piggybacking also has the potential to expand global access to the internet in the future.

The race to dominate the wireless waves is even pushing companies like China’s Huawei to explore 6G wireless innovation─before they’ve even launched their 5G networks.

WHY NEED OF 5G?

• Very High speed, high capacity, and low cost per bit.
• It supports interactive multimedia, voice, video, Internet, and other broadband services, more effective and more attractive, and have Bidirectional, accurate traffic statistics.
• 5G technology offers Global access and service portability.
• It offers the high quality services due to high error tolerance.
• It is providing large broadcasting capacity up to Gigabit which supporting almost 65,000 connections at a time.
• More applications combined with artificial intelligent (AI) as human life will be surrounded by artificial sensors which could be communicating with mobile phones
• 5G technology use remote management that user can get better and fast solution.
• The uploading and downloading speed of 5G technology is very high.
• 5G technology offer high resolution for crazy cell phone user and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping .
• 5G technology offer transporter class gateway with unparalleled consistency.

Conclusion:

The development of the mobile and wireless networks is going towards higher data rates and all-IP principle. Mobile terminals are obtaining each year more processing power, more memory on board, and longer battery life for the same applications. 5g include latest technologies such as cognitive radio, SDR, nanotechnology, cloud computing and based on All IP Platform. It is expected that the initial Internet philosophy of keeping the network simple as possible, and giving more functionalities to the end nodes, will become reality in the future generation of mobile networks, here referred to as 5G