5 Practical Tips to Scale Products & Build Team Rituals from Shishir Mehrotra

Welcome to the latest issue of the Product Management Learning Series - a series of live streaming events and newsletter articles to help you level up your product career! ??

?In our fifth installment, our speaker was Shishir Mehrotra , the co-founder & CEO @ Coda, a new all-in-one doc used by tens of thousands of teams. He was formerly an executive at YouTube, overseeing the YouTube product, where he helped grow YouTube to the world's largest video destination, one of Google's largest and fastest growing businesses, and the platform of choice for a new generation of video creators. Prior to Google, Shishir spent 6 years at Microsoft and before that, he was the founding CEO of Centrata. He is currently a board member of Spotify.?

?If you missed the event, you can watch the full event recording here .

Below are the main takeaways from JR’s conversation with Shishir:

Great businesses start with simple insights.?

Shishir kicked off the conversation by talking about the importance of centering the core mission? in a simple insight. First, he shared some insights about the missions of different businesses and the user pain points they addressed: Google started with an insight that search could be 100 times as relevant and 100 times as fast, and Gmail started with an insight that people really don't want to delete emails. At YouTube, the insight was also straightforward—“that online video would do to cable what cable did to broadcast, going from three channels to three hundred channels to 3 million channels.”?

Shishir shared those examples to illustrate the value of having a simple clarifying insight for your product. “Every time we had a hard choice, we could go back to, ‘Well, here’s what's driving us. Now we can figure out the rest of what we're gonna do.’”

Empowering the Maker Generation: The best tools enable humans to do more.?

Shishir shared an example about the pain points of becoming a great video creator before YouTube. Previously, the creator would attend a film school, live in an area with an established film industry, and get a chance to pitch their idea to film studios. With YouTube, if you can tell a great story or sing a great song, you can use the platform and tools to get noticed without any gatekeepers.?

He went on to point out parallels in other industries, including Spotify reducing barriers for music artists, Etsy providing a platform for craft-makers, and even Airbnb empowering individuals to become hoteliers. Shishir finished this thought with a powerful observation about the Maker Generation: “If you can unlock humans, they can do more than we think. I think that's happening in every industry.” And Shishir connected this to his mission at Coda—by reinventing documents, Coda aims to do to software what YouTube did to video.

Great teams are built on great rituals.

Shishir spoke about the importance of rituals for great companies, noting “your rituals are a mirror of your culture.” His first introduction to rituals came via Bing Gordon from Electronic Arts who would say, “Great companies have a small list of golden rituals. There are three criteria: they are named, every employee knows them by their first Friday, and they are templated.”?

As Shishir pointed out, many companies have their own rituals, whether it is V2MOM at Salesforce or the 6-pager from Amazon. Coda, an all-in-one doc for teams, has two particularly interesting rituals: Dory and Pulse . “The way we create culture for our employees [at Coda] is through rituals,” Shishir stated.

Dory, which gets its name from the inquisitive Finding Nemo character, is a way for colleagues to add questions to a table and upvote them, resulting in an inclusive discussion that isn’t driven by the loudest voice in the room. With Pulse, colleagues take quick polls to see where everyone stands on? a decision. The table starts filtered so each person can only see their own vote — which helps eliminate groupthink — and once everyone is done voting, the table is unfiltered to show how everyone feels.?

Introduce rituals properly to make them stick.

Shishir also acknowledged that since rituals reflect the culture of a company, it isn’t always possible to grab a template of a good ritual and apply it directly to your business. Furthermore, sometimes it can be challenging to introduce a new way of doing things. Shishir referenced ‘Switch’ by Chip and Dan Heath, a great read for product managers, as a helpful resource for navigating the process of creating change when change is hard. He specifically cited a metaphor from the book about a rider, on an elephant, going down a path. The point of the metaphor is that when you are trying to change things within your organization, there are three things you can do: “direct the rider by telling them what to do, motivate the elephant itself, or shape the path.”?

Shishir then gave examples of how companies have successfully introduced rituals. He cited DoorDash's Cupcake and Stripe's Spin the Wheel as rituals that were creatively named specifically so they could be anchored upon and remembered by employees. Shishir emphasized the importance of impressing rituals upon new employees on their first Friday to create a habit. Additionally, Shishir highlighted the importance of templating rituals, as he and his team do at Coda, to make their use as easy and fluid as possible. (Shishir is writing a book on the “Rituals of Great Teams,” and you can get an early peek here .)?

Hiring PMs and measuring team performance using the PSHE framework.?

Evaluating product managers is a point of particular interest to Shishir. During his time at YouTube, Shishir was asked to set up a new calibration process. After looking at the old rubric that defined PM promotion solely based on scope, Shishir noticed a few issues:?

1. Scope was not well calibrated across teams of various sizes: Some groups like Google Search had only one product, while others like Google Ads had dozens of products.?

2. The scope was an input, not an output: It was unfair to evaluate a PM based on the scope that was handed to them by their managers since the PMs didn’t choose the scope.

3. People were disincentivized from working on experimental projects: The old rubric pushed people to work on larger existing projects instead of new smaller experimental projects, even though the latter could grow over time.

Shishir realized that using scope alone wasn’t sufficient to measure PM performance, he added another dimension to the rubric: the Problem, Solution, How, and Execution (or PSHE).?

At an early stage of their career, a PM is handed a Problem, a Solution, and a How (i.e. a set of instructions on what to do). They are expected to follow the How and manage the Execution of the given project. As a PM gets more senior, they are given a Problem and a Solution, and they need to figure out the How. As they rise even further in their careers, PMs are given a Problem, and they have to figure out a Solution. Finally, very senior PMs are handed a Space, and they have to determine the Problems that need to be solved.?

The PSHE framework levels the playing field of hiring and evaluation by allowing the impact of the product manager to shine through their experiences in these four buckets, while removing the bias of certain projects from the evaluation. The PSHE framework has come with Shishir from YouTube to Coda, and he now uses it to hire, and ultimately evaluate designers, engineers, and salespeople along with the product managers for which this framework was originally designed. Dive into Shishir’s PSHE framework here .?

You can also check out and follow Shishir’s work at https://coda.io/@shishir/ .?

?? Watch the full event recording here .

?? Special kudos to Andrew Altschuler for drafting this article.

Next up,

• July 15: Product Strategy, Systems, and Frameworks with Sachin Rekhi

More sessions to be added in early July… subscribe to stay tuned!?

Learn more about the Product Management Learning Series and view past recordings?here .

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