The 26th of October: The National Day of the Republic of Austria

Today, October 26th, marks Austria’s National Day (Nationalfeiertag). The day is observed as a public holiday and commemorates Austria’s Declaration of Neutrality in 1955. The festivities on this day feature an array of events that can be witnessed on the streets of Austria. One noteworthy spectacle is the annual military parade that takes place near Hofburg. The military parade includes marching bands and various live performances for the spectators. Moreover, the occasion is significant, as it marks the day of the swearing-in ceremony for new recruits joining the Austrian Armed Forces.

This day is remembered as the Day of the Austrian Flag, signifying the re-establishment of Austria's sovereignty post-World War II, where Austria lost its independence and was occupied by Germany. The outbreak of World War II saw Austria, being the first country to fall and come under Nazi occupation under the leadership of Adolf Hitler. With Austria being a German-speaking nation, the idea of being under Germany's control was initially viewed as a welcome move and did not face much resistance. However, as time passed, the resistance against German occupation grew stronger.

After the war ended, Austria found itself under the control of the 4 allied forces - Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain and France. The country was partitioned into 4 zones, with Vienna, its capital also being divided. The historic central district came under the control of the "Allied Control Council."?

Negotiations were held in 1995 to bring an end to the occupation of Austria, and in May 1955, the Austrian State Treaty was signed in Vienna, coming into effect in July 27 1955. The Austrian Parliament passed the constitutional law on permanent neutrality on October 26th, 1955, which is now celebrated as the Austrian National Day every year.

With the signing of the Declaration of Neutrality, Austria committed to never permitting any foreign power to use its territory for military operations. This choice was very significant at the time, given Austria's past experience with Germany. Nevertheless, National Day serves as a reminder to the people of Austria about the importance of their country's neutral position and the promotion of peace. It is celebrated yearly to highlight the significance of maintaining this neutral position as a fundamental feature of Austrian identity.

After the war, the Allied Control Council had to approve all decisions made by Austria's democratically elected government, which made the country independent, but not sovereign in decision-making. It is a public holiday, providing Austrians with a perfect opportunity to celebrate everything that is unique to Austria, including its rich culture and history, timeless traditions, delicious cuisine, and political neutrality. It is a day of joyful celebration and enthusiasm across the country.

On this day, citizens have free access to all federal museums. Many institutions open their doors for the day. The Council of Ministers holds a special meeting and a Concert for Austria is held at the Vienna Staatsope, attended by the government officials. The President also addresses the population and many public institutions and ministries hold open houses to welcome visitors.