HEMANTH LINGAMGUNTA Integrating top equations of physics into the training of Large Language Models (LLMs), Vision-Language Models (VLMs), and APIs represents a cutting-edge approach in artificial intelligence. This integration can enhance the models' understanding and application of complex scientific principles, leading to more accurate and efficient AI systems. The Intersection of Physics and AI Recent advancements in AI have shown the potential of combining physics with machine learning. This approach, often referred to as Physics-Informed Machine Learning (PIML), uses physical laws and equations to inform and guide the training of AI models. By embedding conservation principles and differential equations into the learning process, these models can achieve higher accuracy and reliability, especially in fields where physical laws are paramount[4]. Applications in LLMs and VLMs 1. Enhanced Model Training: Incorporating physics equations can improve the training of LLMs and VLMs by providing additional context and constraints, leading to models that better understand and predict real-world phenomena. 2. Improved Performance: Models like Code Llama and Google's Gemini have demonstrated the effectiveness of specialized training datasets and infrastructure, which can be further enhanced by integrating physics-based data and principles[2][3]. 3. Broader Applications: This integration opens up new possibilities in various domains, such as scientific research, engineering, and environmental modeling, where understanding complex systems is crucial. Cutting-Edge Technologies The development of these advanced models involves using state-of-the-art technologies, such as Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) and sophisticated training algorithms, to handle the computational demands of integrating large datasets and complex equations[3]. These technologies enable the efficient scaling and deployment of models across different platforms and applications. Conclusion Integrating physics into AI model training is a promising frontier that combines the strengths of traditional scientific methods with modern AI capabilities. This approach not only enhances the performance of LLMs and VLMs but also expands their applicability in solving complex, real-world problems. Share this Idea:- Join the conversation on integrating physics with AI by sharing this post with your network. #PhysicsInAI #MachineLearning #AIInnovation #LLMs #VLMs #APIs #TechRevolution Citations: [1] Understanding LLMs: A Comprehensive Overview from Training to ... https://lnkd.in/gBd8Ue55 [2] 5 Recent AI Research Papers - Encord https://lnkd.in/gvgq83v4 [3] Google Launches Gemini, Its New Multimodal AI Model - Encord https://lnkd.in/ghvd8y2b [4] Integrating Physics with Machine learning: A promising frontier in AI https://lnkd.in/gc8mM47V
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HEMANTH LINGAMGUNTA Integrating the concept of vector fields into the training of LLMs (Large Language Models), VLMs (Vision Language Models), and APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) opens up exciting possibilities for enhancing their performance and capabilities:- Vector Fields: Bridging Physics and AI Vector fields, a fundamental concept in mathematics and physics, are finding innovative applications in the world of artificial intelligence, particularly in training Large Language Models (LLMs), Vision Language Models (VLMs), and enhancing APIs. Transforming AI Landscapes Just as vector fields describe the behavior of physical quantities across space, they can be used to model the complex interactions within neural networks. This approach allows for more nuanced understanding of how information flows and transforms within these AI systems. Applications in LLMs and VLMs 1. Attention Mechanisms: Vector fields can be used to visualize and optimize attention patterns in transformer-based models, leading to more efficient and interpretable AI systems. 2. Semantic Spaces: By treating word embeddings as vector fields, researchers can better understand and manipulate the semantic relationships between concepts in language models. 3. Visual Reasoning: In VLMs, vector fields can represent the spatial relationships between objects in images, enhancing the model's ability to reason about visual scenes. Enhancing APIs Vector field concepts are also being integrated into API design, allowing for more dynamic and context-aware responses. This approach enables APIs to adapt their outputs based on the "flow" of incoming data, much like particles moving through a physical vector field. Future Directions As we continue to explore the intersections of physics, mathematics, and AI, vector fields offer a promising framework for developing more powerful and intuitive machine learning models. Their ability to capture complex spatial relationships and dynamics makes them invaluable in pushing the boundaries of AI research and applications. #AIResearch #VectorFields #MachineLearning #LLMs #VLMs #APIDesign #DataScience For more on this topic, check out: - [Vector Fields in Machine Learning](https://lnkd.in/gBupxj6n) - [Attention Visualization in Transformers](https://lnkd.in/g_n4i7kw) What are your thoughts on integrating physics concepts into AI development? Share your insights below!
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LLMs, LCMs and many other generative models are based on transformer architecture. Then DeepMind brought Linear RNN, which was introduced in Mamba and Mamba 2 with Structured State Space Models and Space State Duality. We saw combination of transformers with concept of Linear RNN in Mamba 2. Now, Google has just released #Titans, a groundbreaking neural model that combines the power of attention mechanisms with a novel long-term memory module. This architecture effectively learns to memorize and retrieve information, constantly updating itself through active learning. ??Key Highlights of Titans: 1. Superior Memory Management: Titans introduce a neural long-term memory module, inspired by how human memory works with the concept of "surprise". For neural models, this surprise is represented by the gradient - the larger the gradient, the more the model updates its long-term memory. This enables Titans to handle and utilize information from sequences longer than ever before, scaling to context windows exceeding 2 million tokens. 2. Performance Beyond Transformers: Unlike traditional Transformers where attention mechanisms operate within fixed-length context windows and struggle with scalability due to quadratic computational complexity, Titans efficiently manage both short-term and long-term dependencies. This model outperforms both classic Transformers and modern linear recurrent models in tasks like language modeling, common-sense reasoning, genomics, and time series analysis. 3. Scalability and Efficiency: Titans maintain fast, parallelizable training and inference processes, allowing them to scale without the prohibitive computational costs associated with larger models like GPT-4 or Llama3-80B. ??Architectural Innovations: - Short-term Memory: Managed by standard attention mechanisms for the current context. - Long-term Memory: Handled by a dedicated neural module for capturing distant dependencies. ?Why Titans Matter: - They capture long-term dependencies more effectively, providing a balance between recent and distant information. - They offer significant advantages in handling large-scale data contexts, making them ideal for applications where understanding extensive historical data is crucial. Paper Link: https://lnkd.in/gEgFfUGs #Transformers #SequentialModel #DeepLearning #LSTM #NLP #GenAI
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PyTorch is an open-source machine learning library developed by Facebook's AI Research Lab. It's used for building and training deep learning models, particularly in the fields of computer vision and natural language processing. Key Features: 1. Dynamic Computation Graph: PyTorch's computation graph is built on the fly, allowing for more flexible and rapid prototyping. 2. Automatic Differentiation: PyTorch automatically computes gradients, making it easier to implement backpropagation. 3. GPU Acceleration: PyTorch supports GPU acceleration, enabling faster training and inference. 4. Modular Architecture: PyTorch's modular design makes it easy to build and customize models. 5. Extensive Libraries: PyTorch provides libraries for tasks like computer vision (Torchvision), natural language processing (Torchnlp), and more. Advantages: 1. Ease of Use: PyTorch is known for its simplicity and ease of use, making it a great choice for beginners and researchers. 2. Rapid Prototyping: PyTorch's dynamic computation graph enables rapid prototyping and experimentation. 3. Flexibility: PyTorch supports a wide range of models and tasks, from CNNs to RNNs and beyond. Use Cases: 1. Computer Vision: Image classification, object detection, segmentation, and generation. 2. Natural Language Processing: Text classification, language modeling, machine translation, and more. 3.Reinforcement Learning : PyTorch is used in robotics, game playing, and other RL applications. Resources 1. Official Documentation 2. Tutorials and Guides 3. Community Forum #techytuesday #itmbusinessschool #esmeducation #PS2024
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In continuation of the efforts for leading the future of research in modern mathematics, I am really glad (yet another time) to present the article that discusses: Exploring Mathematical Spaces using #GenAI and #LLMs: https://lnkd.in/eUvGjyNV Compared to the article of Golden Era of Mathematics (that lays the foundations for the future mathematical research), the article 'Exploring Mathematical Spaces' delves a little bit deeper into the mathematical spaces. This article sheds light on some very rich mathematical spaces that are truly worth to be further explored using #GenAI and #LLMs. Among the mathematical spaces are 'vector spaces' that have proven to be truly rich (and full of mathematical properties). In fact, they are the vector spaces that to some extent have empowered nowadays large language models and generative AI technologies. For example, without word vectorization techniques (e.g., Word2Vec), probably computers would not have been able to understand (or capture) the connection between words and generate well-crafted contents. Another very rich mathematical space that have been explored in some aspects (and probably not all aspects) is polynomial spaces. Yet, function spaces (i.e., the space of functions and transformations) is yet another rich space with powerful mathematical tools and techniques. Besides these known mathematical spaces, there are various other spaces that have been discussed in the article: https://lnkd.in/eUvGjyNV Hope the article paves the way for opening up new horizons on mathematical spaces (particularly on the less-explored mathematical spaces such as the Ruliad sapce, Perfectoid spaces as well as WizWord spaces). The Ruliad space is the space of computational rules and Turing machines. The Perfectoid space is the space of geometric objects, that can be related to polynomial spaces. The WizWord space is a sub-space of the word and language spaces (that contains the most valuable pieces of a language). #AI #GenAI #LLM #LLMs #Transformer #Transformation #GoldenMath #Math #Mathematics #AI #ML
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Decoding the Hidden Computational Dynamics: A Novel Machine Learning Framework for Understanding Large Language Model Representations In the rapidly evolving landscape of machine learning and artificial intelligence, understanding the fundamental representations within transformer models has emerged as a critical research challenge. Researchers are grappling with competing interpretations of what transformers represent—whether they function as statistical mimics, world models, or something more complex. The core intuition suggests that transformers might capture the hidden structural dynamics of data-generation processes, enabling complex next-token prediction. Read the full article: https://lnkd.in/e5ymHHCD Paper: https://lnkd.in/e7j8cA87
Decoding the Hidden Computational Dynamics: A Novel Machine Learning Framework for Understanding Large Language Model Representations
https://www.marktechpost.com
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?? Research Paper Highlights: Let's explore, 'MemLong: Memory-Augmented Retrieval for Long Text Modeling' by Weijie Liu et al. ?? Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel across various fields but struggle with handling long sequences due to the quadratic time and space complexity of attention mechanisms. This limitation impacts tasks like long document summarization and multi-turn dialogues. ?? Proposed Solution: To address this, MemLong is introduced as a lightweight method for extending LLMs' context window. It stores past contexts in a non-trainable memory bank and retrieves chunk-level key-value pairs, enabling more efficient long-sequence processing without overwhelming the model's resources. ?? Key Highlights: ?? Challenge in Long-Context Language Models: Traditional LLMs face significant challenges when handling long contexts due to the quadratic time and space complexity of attention mechanisms and the increasing memory consumption during generation. ?? Introduction of MemLong: MemLong (Memory-Augmented Retrieval for Long Text Generation) is proposed as a solution, leveraging an external retriever to access historical information for better long-context handling. ?? Novel Approach: MemLong integrates a non-differentiable retrieval-memory (ret-mem) module with a partially trainable decoder-only language model and introduces a fine-grained retrieval attention mechanism based on semantic-level relevant chunks. ?? Performance: Evaluations on various benchmarks demonstrate that MemLong consistently outperforms state-of-the-art models and can extend context length from 4k up to 80k on a single GPU, showcasing its efficiency. ?? Further Reading: https://lnkd.in/gNqsG7tN ?? Stay tuned for more updates on innovative methods and advancements in AI! #LLMs #memlong #generativeai #innovation #research
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HEMANTH LINGAMGUNTA Integrating the concept of coordinate systems with training LLMs, VLMs, and APIs: Rethinking Spatial Representation in AI: Lessons from Coordinate Systems As we push the boundaries of AI, particularly in vision-language models (VLMs) and large language models (LLMs), it's crucial to consider how we represent spatial information. The choice between Cartesian and polar coordinate systems in mathematics offers valuable insights for AI development: 1. Contextual Representation: Just as polar coordinates excel for circular patterns, we should design AI models to adapt their spatial representation based on the task context. 2. Efficiency in Learning: Polar coordinates simplify certain geometric problems. Similarly, we can explore more efficient ways for AI to learn and represent spatial relationships. 3. Multimodal Integration: The interplay between coordinate systems reminds us of the importance of seamlessly integrating different modalities (text, vision, spatial data) in VLMs. 4. API Design: When developing APIs for spatial tasks, offering multiple coordinate system options can enhance flexibility and performance for diverse applications. 5. Data Preprocessing: Transforming input data between coordinate systems before training could potentially improve model performance on certain spatial tasks. By drawing inspiration from mathematical principles, we can create more versatile and powerful AI systems that better understand and interact with the spatial world around us. #AI #MachineLearning #ComputerVision #SpatialComputing #DataScience Citations: [1] Exploring the Frontier of Vision-Language Models: A Survey ... - arXiv https://lnkd.in/gJNpyRkK [2] An Introduction to Vision-Language Modeling - arXiv https://lnkd.in/gnAzqHFX [3] gokayfem/awesome-vlm-architectures: Famous Vision ... - GitHub https://lnkd.in/gfRjWBeH [4] [PDF] SpatialVLM: Endowing Vision-Language Models with Spatial ... https://lnkd.in/gxu6aGrc [5] Work smarter, not harder when building Neural Networks https://lnkd.in/gvxNbt-w [6] Application of coordinate systems for vessel trajectory prediction ... https://lnkd.in/gYABwDV7 [7] Real-Life Applications of Polar Coordinates - GeeksforGeeks https://lnkd.in/g7_Rw6YE [8] Dealing with Longitude and Latitude in Feature Engineering https://lnkd.in/gFA_58hn
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Tackling Computational Challenges in Training Large Language Models: The Power of Quantization ???? In the world of AI, training large language models (LLMs) presents significant computational challenges, primarily due to their vast number of parameters. Interestingly, Small Language Models (SLMs) are often more suited for specific industry applications and can be preferred over their larger counterparts. Let's explore why. Understanding the Scale ?? Here are the parameter counts for some renowned large language models: GPT-3: 175 billion parameters BERT (Large): 340 million parameters BERT (Base): 110 million parameters OpenAI Codex (GitHub Copilot): 12 billion parameters Megatron-Turing NLG: 530 billion parameters Find the attached image from a blog by Momentum works GPU Space Requirements ??? To understand the computational demands, consider the storage requirements for 1 billion parameters on a GPU: Parameter Storage: Typically, parameters are stored as 32-bit floating point numbers (float32). 1 parameter = 4 bytes 1 billion parameters = 4 x 10^9 bytes = 4GB This storage calculation is just for the parameters themselves. During training, the memory requirements increase significantly: Model parameters: 4 bytes per parameter Adam optimizer states: 8 bytes per parameter (momentum and velocity estimates) Gradients: 4 bytes per parameter Activations and temporary memory: 8 bytes per parameter Therefore, at least 24GB of GPU memory is required for training a model with 1 billion parameters. The Role of Quantization ?? Quantization optimizes memory usage by reducing the precision of the stored values. Instead of using 32-bit floats (float32), we can use: Float16 (FP16): 16-bit floating point numbers Int8: 8-bit integers A more recent and popular alternative is BFLOAT16 (Brain Floating Point Format), which offers a good balance between FP32 and FP16. BFLOAT16 maintains the range of FP32 but with reduced precision, enhancing training stability. Models like Flan T5 are trained using BF16 to leverage these benefits. Conclusion ?? Quantization is a powerful technique to tackle the computational challenges in training large language models. By optimizing memory usage, it enables more efficient training processes, making it possible to handle the vast amounts of data and computation that LLMs require. #AI #MachineLearning #LanguageModels #Quantization #GPUs #TechInnovation #AIResearch #DeepLearning
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HEMANTH LINGAMGUNTA The Dirichlet integral is indeed a fascinating result in mathematical analysis, and its connection to Fubini's theorem provides an elegant approach to its evaluation. training LLMs, VLMs, and APIs using this concept. Using advanced mathematical concepts like the Dirichlet integral to train AI models: Leveraging Advanced Mathematics to Enhance AI Training The intersection of complex mathematical concepts and artificial intelligence continues to yield exciting developments in the field of machine learning. Today, I'd like to highlight how principles from advanced analysis, such as those used in evaluating the Dirichlet integral, can be applied to improve the training of Large Language Models (LLMs), Vision Language Models (VLMs), and APIs. Key points: 1. Mathematical Foundations: Just as Fubini's theorem simplifies the evaluation of multidimensional integrals, similar mathematical techniques can be used to optimize the training processes for AI models. 2. Symmetry and Efficiency: The symmetry properties exploited in the Dirichlet integral proof can inspire new approaches to data preprocessing and model architecture design, potentially leading to more efficient training algorithms. 3. Multidimensional Analysis: The application of multidimensional analysis techniques to AI training could help models better understand complex relationships in high-dimensional data spaces. 4. Theoretical to Practical: Translating theoretical mathematical concepts into practical AI applications can lead to breakthroughs in model performance and capabilities. 5. Cross-disciplinary Approach: This example underscores the importance of bridging pure mathematics and applied AI research to drive innovation in the field. As we continue to push the boundaries of AI, incorporating advanced mathematical principles may be key to developing more sophisticated and capable models. What are your thoughts on the role of advanced mathematics in AI development? How do you see this interdisciplinary approach shaping the future of machine learning? #AIResearch #MachineLearning #AdvancedMathematics #DataScience Citations: [1] Fubini's theorem - Wikipedia https://lnkd.in/gxyB4czn [2] Complex Analysis: Integral of sin(x)/x using Contour Integration https://lnkd.in/gNw7MuNf [3] [PDF] MIRA.pdf - Measure, Integration & Real Analysis https://lnkd.in/gZAV6uPR [4] [PDF] Fubini's theorem https://lnkd.in/gQp9TAjS [5] Integral of sinx/x by Complex Analysis - YouTube https://lnkd.in/gYmJN7aY [6] Exploring Autonomous Agents through the Lens of Large Language Models: A Review https://lnkd.in/dPnggfhA
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OpenAI launches MLE-bench: o1 sweeps 7 gold medals, surpassing human Kaggle Masters Specifically designed to test the machine learning engineering capabilities of AI Agents! Is this the start of AI training models, preparing datasets, and running experiments on their own?! MLE-bench is an offline Kaggle competition environment for machine learning, consisting of 75 machine learning engineering tasks sourced from Kaggle competitions. It spans multiple fields, including natural language processing, computer vision, and signal processing. In this environment, AI Agents participate in a Kaggle-like competition, where they must understand competition descriptions, process datasets, train models, and submit results. Their performance is evaluated based on leaderboard scores. They aim for a more comprehensive benchmark to assess the progress of AI Agents in automated machine learning engineering and compare it to human-level performance. After all, if AI can autonomously handle machine learning engineering tasks, it will significantly accelerate scientific progress! ?? Design principles of MLE-bench: Challenge: The tasks selected must be challenging enough to represent the actual level of contemporary machine learning engineering and reflect the real-world responsibilities of machine learning engineers. Comparability: The evaluation results must be comparable to human-level performance. Authenticity: The tasks come from real Kaggle competitions, covering various fields and difficulty levels, with a total prize pool exceeding $1.94 million! OpenAI has open-sourced the MLE-bench code (https://lnkd.in/gc6zCrnZ) and encourages other researchers to develop more evaluation methods for assessing the capabilities of automated machine learning research. #OpenAI #AI #agent #github #opensource #LLM #Kaggle
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