The Wall Street Journal | The UCLA economist Donald Shoup spent his career studying parking, a dreary-seeming subject that nobody had previously thought to study carefully, and nobody else seemed to want to study at all.
https://lnkd.in/gGBdUJwc
In 2005, Shoup published his 700-plus page opus, ‘The High Cost of Free Parking,’ based on four decades of research.
There are, by some estimates, two billion parking spots in America—about seven for every car, a total area equivalent to West Virginia.
And the vast majority of car trips in the U.S.—Shoup claimed 99% of them—result in parking free in one of those spots, an economically incomprehensible situation, in terms of basic supply and demand.
It was a subsidy whose total value Shoup estimated as between 1% and 4% of the nation’s total GNP—‘in the range of what we spend for Medicare or national defense…’
Shoup took special aim at the harms of ‘off-street minimum parking requirement’ regulations, whereby municipalities compel developers to include a precise, minimum number of spots dictated by their building’s specific use.
Planners lay out these requirements in exhaustive and meticulous tables, but Shoup discovered they were merely ‘pseudoscience’ without any rational or solid empirical basis.
In a 1999 paper, ‘The Trouble with Minimum Parking Requirements,’ Shoup scoffed at the notion that ‘[w]ithout training or research, urban planners know exactly how many parking spaces to require for bingo parlors, junkyards, pet cemeteries, rifle ranges, slaughterhouses, and every other land use.’
In fact, those he surveyed confessed they often just copied the requirements of surrounding communities…