Private Practice

This lexicon is a set of concepts and definitions developed by expert consensus for what we mean by behavioral health and primary care integration—a functional definition—what things look like in practice. A consensus lexicon enables effective communication and concerted action among clinicians, care systems, health plans, payers, researchers, policymakers, business modelers and patients working for effective, widespread implementation on a meaningful scale. #behavioralhealth #health #integrativemedicine #integratedcare #primarycare #primaryhealthcare #primarycarephysicians #primaryhealth #psychiatry #psychology #psychotherapy #behavioraltherapy #medicaleducation #medical #medicalcare #medicine #physician #physicians #physicianpractice #medicalcenter #careproviders #interdisciplinary #hospital #hospitals #hospitaladministration #hospitalcare #integratedcaresystems #integrativehealth #doctorslife #doctorlife #doctor #doctors #medicalclinic

Memory and Common Mental Disorders Widespread mental health conditions such as depression, substance use disorders, and anxiety disorders have complex causes that differ substantially. Each can be characterized by how memory works in the people who suffer from them. And the experience of psychological stress—something known to every human, but which surfaces intensely in a range of disorders—is well established as a force affecting how we remember. Can stress impair memory? Stressful situations can result in strong future memories about the experience. But during a stressful event, remembering information can be more challenging than usual. Over time, chronic stress and elevated levels of stress hormones like cortisol may have a detrimental effect on the ability to remember. Taking steps to reduce stress is one way people can seek to preserve memory ability. Does memory contribute to depression? Differences in how depressed individuals frame their experiences, past and present, may worsen other symptoms of depression. If someone who has depression is biased to recall negative memories, the increased rumination about negative experiences may in turn contribute to depressed mood. How is memory involved in addiction? Memory plays a central role in addiction: The formation of an addictive habit and the cravings that perpetuate it rely on connections in memory between particular situations, behaviors, and feelings that typically surround them, including the anticipated high of drug use, for instance. These associations remain in memory after drug use ceases, and so exposure to cues linked drug use can pose a risk of relapse. How is memory involved in anxiety? Anxiety disorders rely on associations formed in memory, including those between a stimulus—whether it is a social situation, an intrusive thought, a certain kind of animal, or something else—and the reflexive responses someone typically has to it. Accordingly, some forms of treatment for conditions such as generalized anxiety disorder or social anxiety disorder aim to change the nature of these learned associations. By allowing people with anxiety to encounter threatening stimuli in a psychologically safe way, it is designed to create new memories and by doing so, alleviate the anxious response. How does trauma affect memory? After someone suffers a traumatic experience, common reactions include mentally replaying the memory of the experience. Recurring, involuntary, and intrusive distressing memories are one symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder. Sometimes, when the memory of a trauma is cued by an experience in the present, the individual may feel as though the traumatic experience is happening again—a reaction commonly called a flashback. Given that these forms of re-experiencing can be highly distressing, it is also common for someone who has lived through trauma to try to avoid thinking about the experience and to avoid cues that may trigger the memory of the experience.

APA Guidelines for Psychological Practice for People with Low-Income and Economic Marginalization #equity #access #mentalhealth #humanservices #beneficence #peoplefirst #people #psychotherapy #mentalhealththerapy #mentalhealthmatters #caringforthecommunity #caringforthecommunity #onelove #wellness #wellbeing #wellbeingmatters #health #healthcare #healthcareprofessionals

In a large, multi-institutional effort led by University of California San Diego, researchers have analyzed human brain cells to produce detailed maps of gene switches in cell types, and revealed the links to various common neuropsychiatric disorders. The team also developed AI tools to predict the influence of individual high-risk gene variants that may contribute to disease. The work, published on 13 October 2023 in Science, is part of the National Institute of Health's Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies Initiative, or The BRAIN Initiative, launched in 2014. The initiative aims to revolutionize understanding of the mammalian brain, in part, through the development of novel neurotechnologies for characterizing neural cell types. "The human brain isn't homogenous," said senior author Bing Ren, Ph.D. "It's made up of an enormously complex network of neurons and non-neuronal cells, with each serving different functions. Mapping out the different types of cells in the brain and understanding how they work together will ultimately help us discover new therapies that can target individual cell types relevant to specific diseases." In the new study, researchers analyzed more than 1.1 million brain cells across 42 distinct brain regions from three human brains. They identified 107 different subtypes of brain cells and were able to correlate aspects of their molecular biology to a wide range of neuropsychiatric illnesses, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease and depression. The researchers then used this data to create machine learning models to predict how certain sequence variations in DNA can influence gene regulation and disease expression. While these new results offer significant insights into the human brain and its pathology, scientists are still far from done with mapping the brain. In 2022, UC San Diego joined the Salk Institute and others in launching a Center for Multiomic Human Brain Cell Atlas, which aims to study cells from over a dozen human brains and ask questions about how the brain changes during development, over people's lifespans and with disease. https://lnkd.in/gxUmbF4q #neuropsychiatry #psychiatry #neurology #neuropsychology #psychology #clinicalpsychology #mentalhealth #medicine

Mental health professionals base their diagnosis and treatment of mental illness on the symptoms that a person exhibits. The goal for these professionals in treating a patient is to relieve the symptoms that are interfering with the person's life so that the person can function well. Research scientists, on the other hand, have a different goal. They want to learn about the chemical or structural changes that occur in the brain when someone has a mental illness. At this time, scientists do not have a complete understanding of what causes mental illnesses. If you think about the structural and organizational complexity of the brain together with the complexity of effects that mental illnesses have on thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, it is hardly surprising that figuring out the causes of mental illnesses is a daunting task. The fields of neuroscience, psychiatry, and psychology address different aspects of the relationship between the biology of the brain and individuals' behaviors, thoughts, and feelings, and how their actions sometimes get out of control. Through this multidisciplinary research, scientists are trying to find the causes of mental illnesses. The techniques that scientists use to investigate the brain depend on the questions they are asking. For some questions, scientists use molecular or biochemical methods to investigate specific genes or proteins in the neurons. For other questions, scientists want to visualize changes in the brain so that they can learn more about how the activity or structure of the brain changes. Historically, scientists could examine brains only after death, but new imaging procedures enable scientists to study the brain in living animals, including humans. It is important to realize that these brain imaging techniques are not used for diagnosing mental illness. Mental illnesses are diagnosed by the set of symptoms that an individual exhibits. The imaging techniques described in the following paragraphs would not enable the mental health professional to diagnose or treat the patient more effectively. Some of the techniques are also invasive and expose patients to small amounts of radiation. Research studies using these tests are generally not conducted with children or adolescents. Factors that put individuals at risk have been identified. Some of these factors are environmental, some are genetic, and some are social. In fact, all these factors most likely combine to influence whether someone becomes mentally ill.