American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology

?????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????????????! ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????????????, ???????? ???????? ????????... After studying human behavior for more than 25 years, one thing has become crystal clear: ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????'?? ?????????????? ????????. If anything, this works for #attention. In everyday language, we all know what we mean when we say "people pay attention to this" and "they didn't see this text over here." But why this happens, and what underlying mechanisms are at play, most people know little about. The famous author and psychologist William James put this so succinctly in his 1890 book ???????????????????? ???? ????????????????????: "???????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ???? ?????? ????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????, ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ???? ??????????????. ????????????????????????, ??????????????????????????, ???? ?????????????????????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????????." So, attention is a limited resource, and we prioritize some things at the cost of others. But what can drive this priority in attention? What grabs and sustains attention? Today, we can talk about at least 4 different types of attention: ? ????????????-???? (??????????????????) ??????????????????—This happens when something "stands out" one way or the other, such as a red apple amongst a bunch of green apples. You don't have to think about it, the red apple just "pops out." [Brain regions: thalamus + primary sensory brain regions] ? ??????-???????? ?????????????????? (??????????????????????????)—This is the diametrically opposite type of attention, and a good example is when you are looking for a very specific branded product on a store shelf. It just doesn't "pop out," but you have to actively look for it. [Brain regions: prefrontal brain boosts sensory regions] ? ?????????????????? ??????????????????—Attention can be grabbed and sustained by something that triggers an emotional event. Emotional brain regions activates sensory brain regions to take in more information. Anything from a sudden sound to a beautiful image can grab and sustain attention, respectively. [Brain regions: amygdala boosts primary sensory regions] ? ?????????????????? ??????????????????—When we know something well, we tend to notice it and respond faster. Famous brands are often seen before novel brands (regardless of your preference towards them), and other times novel brands "pop out" because they are unknown. [Brain regions: hippocampus boosts primary sensory regions] So the next time you watch an ad, see a product on a shelf, or use an app, consider what types of attention are engaged! #attention #neuromarketing #neuroscience #consumerpsychology ?

https://lnkd.in/gegXeQ8M Register now for Journal Club, 3/18/2025 with Dr. Hilary Gomes.

Contact your representatives and let them know how this will be devastating to the mental health and well being of countless people.

This study identified a common brain circuit centered on the hippocampus's posterior subiculum linked to lesions causing secondary psychosis. https://ja.ma/4aZ0oIg

Deadline is approaching! Submit your abstract for our Virtual Conference April 2025, deadline February 1, 2025.

Upcoming Workshop with Dr. Daryl Fujii! Register now. https://lnkd.in/gYPrnzh5 #continuingeducation #neuropsychology #diversity #pediatric #assessment

REGISTER NOW FOR UPCOMING JOURNAL CLUB! 1 CE - Free for members, $10 for non-members Register here. Link to article included in Registration: https://lnkd.in/gv4V-g_v #continuingeducation #concussion #pediatrictbi #TBIrecovery

Did you know the Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology (JPNP) is now part of the APA Journals family and is accepting manuscripts? Learn more about JPNP, the official journal of the American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology, and their submission guidelines: https://bit.ly/3AYjU9M

Today's ENIGMA Summit (in Amsterdam) compared over 20 brain disorders in tens of thousands of people scanned with MRI, and suggests that: 1. brain disorders that hit very early, before birth (e.g. those due to genomic copy number variants such as genetic deletions) tend to affect cortical surface area, often excessively in primary sensorimotor cortex 2. neurodevelopmental brain disorders that hit after birth but before adolescence tend to reduce cortical surface area more than (i.e. with greater effect sizes than) they reduce cortical thickness but more in a transmodal association cortex pattern than a primary sensorimotor pattern; these can be split into an strong externalizing and a weak internalizing pattern depending on the disorder type [4] 3. brain disorders that hit after puberty tend to affect cortical thickness, more so than regional cortical surface area, with some exceptions, as do adult onset disorders 4. the last category of mainly-thickness-deficit disorders can have their abnormality decomposed into 3 components - (1) a general component common to all disorders (PC1 in Zhipeng Cao's work [2]), (2) a disorder specific component, and (3) a medication effect; 5. focusing on the first two of these, there is a transdiagnostic covariance [1] that spans the set of disorder effects on the cortex and consists of 2 primary axes of disturbance, G1 and G2 6. to some extent, the amount and anatomical distribution of structural brain deviation in a disorder depends on the location and profile of greatest normal age-related brain change that is normally occurring in healthy people when the disorder hits and can look like an exaggerated version of that change, i.e. 'aging' 7. some of this is set out more formally in the transdiagnostic ENIGMA papers by Meike Hettwer/Sofie Valk on transdiagnostic covariance [1] and brain gradients, and in the linear PCA paper by Zhipeng Cat Hugh Garavan and ENIGMA [2]. For the CNV part see work by Clara Moreau [3], and for the childhood part see work by Sophie Townend and 4 of the ENIGMA neurodevelopmental working groups [unpublished except an abstract]. This is not really obvious until you see all the work presented together (as it was today at the ENIGMA Summit). Thank you to the 500+ labs whose data went into these maps! [1] https://lnkd.in/gEUUQm-C [2] https://lnkd.in/gYxnbp6a [3] https://lnkd.in/g8ZHsa8K [4] https://lnkd.in/gv97AYMW