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What are some effective ways to remove invasive species from public spaces?

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Invasive species are plants or animals that are not native to a certain area and cause harm to the environment, economy, or human health. They can spread rapidly and outcompete or prey on native species, reducing biodiversity and ecosystem services. Public spaces, such as parks, gardens, trails, or waterways, are often vulnerable to invasion by unwanted species, as they are exposed to various sources of introduction and disturbance. To protect and restore the natural beauty and function of public spaces, environmental services professionals need to apply effective methods to remove invasive species and prevent their recurrence. Here are some of the most common and successful ways to do so.

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Dr. Ray Shillito

Internationally known Expert, available for consulting and also a Toastmaster!
Estamine Vidjingni MITO-BABA

Communicante | Spécialiste du Marketing digital | Auteure- Scénariste | Climate Activist | Secrétaire Générale de…
Christine Ntoiti

Data Analyst| Environmental Specialist | Climate Change | Research and Reporting

1 Mechanical removal

Mechanical removal involves physically removing invasive species by hand, tools, or machines. This can include pulling, cutting, digging, mowing, or mulching. Mechanical removal is often suitable for small or isolated infestations, or for species that have shallow roots or seeds that do not persist in the soil. However, mechanical removal can also have some drawbacks, such as being labor-intensive, costly, or potentially damaging to native species or soil structure. Therefore, mechanical removal should be done carefully and selectively, and followed by proper disposal and monitoring.

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Dr. Ray Shillito

Internationally known Expert, available for consulting and also a Toastmaster!
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There needs to be bans on selling invasive species by garden centers, big box stores in theUSA - in fact everywhere that sells plants.

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Estamine Vidjingni MITO-BABA

Communicante | Spécialiste du Marketing digital | Auteure- Scénariste | Climate Activist | Secrétaire Générale de Katoulati
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L'environnement est très sensible et se métamorphose en fonction du traitement que nous en faisons. Et parlant des espaces envahissant, l'une des premières chose à faire, est qu'il apprendre à les éviter ou à les attirer vers nous. En effet, les espèces envahissantes sont pour la plupart du temps attirés par ce qu'un environnement leur offre et y trouve leur lieu favori quand elles trouvent le nécéssaire à leur besoin. De même, ils n'ont aucun intérêt a rester dans le cas contraire. Alors, il faut commencer par les soins, soigner notre environnement.

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Christine Ntoiti

Data Analyst| Environmental Specialist | Climate Change | Research and Reporting
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Physical removal and reuse. For example, in Kenya, citizens and business people remove hyacinth from Lake Victoria and use it to make various products such baskets and rugs. Other invasive plant species are removed from the environment and used to make charcoal briquettes.

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Grégory Binkley

Analista Ambiental | Avalia??o de Impacto Ambiental | Recupera??o de áreas Degradadas
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Em um trabalho que coordeno, o manejo de espécies exóticas dentro de uma Unidade de Conserva??o é particularmente sensível, visto que as espécies nativas s?o a maior prioridade no local. Tendo isto em vista, o manejo executado via remo??o mecanica é o mais indicado, já que remove os indivíduos de maneira pontual sem afetar as demais espécies ao redor. A principal vantagem é esta: impacto baixíssimo. As desvantagens s?o o tempo de manejo (com equipes menores o impacto é reduzido, porém o tempo de execu??o é bem maior) e a dificuldade de encontrar e isolar as espécies exóticas.

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Dr. Mohammad Muhebbullah Ibne Hoque

Product Development Manager at East-West Seed I Chinese Government Scholarship (CSC) Fellow I Seed System I Seed Variety Development I Hydroponic I Island Farming I Organic Farming
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Strengthening phytosanitary or plant quarantine system. Mechanical, chemical and biological control. Public awareness about the demerits of invasive species.

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2 Biological control

Biological control involves using natural enemies, such as predators, parasites, or pathogens, to suppress or reduce the population of invasive species. This can include introducing or enhancing the presence of native or exotic organisms that feed on, infect, or compete with invasive species. Biological control can be effective for large or widespread infestations, or for species that are difficult to control by other means. However, biological control can also have some risks, such as being unpredictable, slow, or potentially harmful to non-target species or ecosystems. Therefore, biological control should be done with caution and scientific evaluation, and under strict regulation and supervision.

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Grégory Binkley

Analista Ambiental | Avalia??o de Impacto Ambiental | Recupera??o de áreas Degradadas
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O controle biológico costuma ser mais focado para animais. No que diz respeito à plantas, o controle biológico pode ser direcionado para o controle do acesso à luz. Um exemplo clássico é o do uso de espécies forrageiras para ocupar uma área onde se deseja manter o capim baixo ou ausente, visto que existe muita necessidade de luz para que possam crescer. Este tipo de controle também tem baixo impacto e traz bons resultados.

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3 Chemical control

Chemical control involves using pesticides, herbicides, or other substances to kill or inhibit the growth of invasive species. This can include applying or injecting chemicals directly to the target species, or to the soil or water where they grow. Chemical control can be efficient and economical for moderate or severe infestations, or for species that are resistant or tolerant to other methods. However, chemical control can also have some negative impacts, such as being toxic, persistent, or non-selective to native species or human health. Therefore, chemical control should be done with prudence and precision, and following safety and environmental guidelines.

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Martial Arthur ESSONO

Ingénieur Halieute
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La lutte chimique peut être efficace et économique pour les infestations modérées ou sévères, ou pour les espèces résistantes ou tolérantes à d’autres méthodes. Cependant, la lutte chimique peut également avoir des effets négatifs, comme le fait d’être toxique, persistant ou non sélectif pour les espèces indigènes ou la santé humaine. Par conséquent, la lutte chimique doit être effectuée avec prudence et précision, et en suivant les directives de sécurité et d’environnement.

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Grégory Binkley

Analista Ambiental | Avalia??o de Impacto Ambiental | Recupera??o de áreas Degradadas
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O controle químico, tem por premissa básica, a garantia de elimina??o destas espécies. Por ter concentra??es variadas e diversas proibi??es, é o mais controverso dos métodos. Ele traz resultados mais rápidos e com menor custo para grandes áreas, entretanto, pode ter efeitos colaterais muito danosos ao contaminar as áreas onde foi aplicado, caso seja mal conduzido. O impacto varia conforme a dosagem, mas em virtude do risco de sair do controle ser perigoso para as demais espécies, eu considero inviável. A exce??o é seria para monoculturas com áreas extensas onde n?o há cursos d'água próximos nem circula??o de animais e/ou pessoas, nestes casos, é a op??o mais barata de controle.

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4 Cultural control

Cultural control involves using human practices or behaviors to prevent or reduce the introduction or spread of invasive species. This can include educating and engaging the public about the identification, impacts, and management of invasive species, and encouraging them to adopt responsible actions, such as cleaning their shoes, vehicles, or equipment before entering or leaving public spaces, or reporting any sightings or signs of invasion. Cultural control can be proactive and preventive, as well as supportive and complementary to other methods. However, cultural control can also face some challenges, such as being dependent on awareness, participation, and collaboration of various stakeholders. Therefore, cultural control should be done with communication and coordination, and fostering a sense of stewardship and ownership of public spaces.

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Grégory Binkley

Analista Ambiental | Avalia??o de Impacto Ambiental | Recupera??o de áreas Degradadas
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Dentre as maneiras de se controlar espécies exóticas, eu acredito que a cultural seja a mais complexa delas. Muitas vezes, vi a resistência da popula??o local com rela??o a interrup??o do uso de determinadas espécies. O problema reside no seguinte: as espécies exóticas invasoras só se tornam um problema quando encontram condi??es excelentes para seu desenvolvimento, e isto costuma ser amplamente utilizado pela popula??o. Um capim (como a braquiária, por exemplo) que cres?a muito rápido, tem um potencial muito bom para alimentar rebanhos. Entretanto, afetará a flora regional por dificultar a regenera??o das nativas, através do sombreamento.

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5 Integrated control

Integrated control involves using a combination of two or more of the above methods, based on the specific characteristics and conditions of the invasive species, the public space, and the management objectives. This can include applying different methods at different times, locations, or stages of invasion, or using one method to enhance or facilitate another method. Integrated control can be more effective and sustainable than using a single method, as it can address the complexity and diversity of invasion scenarios, and adapt to the changing needs and situations of public spaces. However, integrated control can also require more planning and resources, as well as more monitoring and evaluation of the outcomes and impacts of the methods. Therefore, integrated control should be done with careful analysis and design, and with continuous improvement and learning.

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Grégory Binkley

Analista Ambiental | Avalia??o de Impacto Ambiental | Recupera??o de áreas Degradadas
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Uma coisa é certa no que diz respeito ao controle integrado: estudar a espécie exótica em quest?o. Só assim é possível avaliar como ela se comporta e definir as metodologias mais adequadas para o caso. O ideal é compreender como ela interage com o meio onde se encontra e avaliar como as demais espécies respondem a este novo estímulo, visto que a competi??o será natural.

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Carol Pereira

Ecologist | Nature Communication | Education and Public Engagement | Geospatial Science
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One thing I've found helpful in my volunteering roles to maintain public gardens and community centers is the use of an Integrated Method to prevent the spread of invasive species. English Ivy's for example look like a good ornamental plant and can spread across concrete quickly, however, this can also weaken the trees, walls and rooftops causing them to suffocate or collapse. Thus, as much as it's important to use Mechanical Methods, the practice of Cultural Methods to educate and raise awareness among the public about native and invasive species is equally important.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Josan Souza

Biólogo | Fauna Silvestre | Gest?o Integrada: QSSMA e RSE | Campo&Escritório | Analista
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Conhecer a fonte. Todo problema antes de se pensar em aplicar controles no fim do processo (end-of-pipe), é necessário pensar em interromper, ou alterar o processo para sanar o problema na sua fonte. Remover espécies invasoras (remedia??o/controle) vai ser mais custoso pois a preven??o n?o foi tomada. Vai valer a penas remover se logo elas estiverem de volta, novamente? Se a fonte n?o for identificada e tratada, é uma situa??o provável de ocorrer.

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What are some effective ways to remove invasive species from public spaces?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Mechanical removal

2 Biological control

3 Chemical control

4 Cultural control

5 Integrated control

6 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Services

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What are some effective ways to remove invasive species from public spaces?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Mechanical removal

2 Biological control

3 Chemical control

4 Cultural control

5 Integrated control

6 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Services

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