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What are the risks of using recycled materials in food packaging?

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Recycling is a great way to reduce waste and protect the environment, but what about using recycled materials in food packaging? Is it safe and sustainable, or does it pose health and quality risks? In this article, you will learn about the benefits and challenges of using recycled materials in food packaging, and how food science can help address them.

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Claudi Verge Villarroya

Director Planta Intercomarcal de Economía Circular, S.L.U. (PIDEC)

1 Benefits of recycling

Recycling materials such as paper, plastic, metal, and glass can help conserve natural resources, save energy, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling can also lower the costs of food packaging production and disposal, and create new markets and jobs. Recycled materials can be used to make various types of food packaging, such as cartons, bottles, cans, trays, and films.

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2 Challenges of recycling

However, recycling is not without challenges. One of the main challenges is ensuring the safety and quality of recycled materials in food packaging. Recycled materials may contain contaminants, such as chemicals, metals, microbes, or allergens, that can migrate into food and cause health problems. Recycled materials may also have lower physical and mechanical properties, such as strength, durability, and barrier performance, than virgin materials. These factors can affect the shelf life and appearance of food products.

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Claudi Verge Villarroya

Director Planta Intercomarcal de Economía Circular, S.L.U. (PIDEC)
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Deberíamos diferenciar en tipologías de materiales a reciclar. Los metales y el vidrio se reciclan a altas temperaturas, de manera que difícilmente contengan impurezas orgánicas o puedan desprender metales. El papel/cartón no se puede utilizar directamente en productos alimentarios sin un recubrimiento aislante, normalmente plástico. Respecto a estos últimos, si que pueden contener o desprender contaminantes. En este caso deberíamos asegurarnos que el plástico reciclado proviene de productos alimentarios y no de productos industriales. El reciclaje de metales vidrios

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3 Regulations and standards

To address these challenges, there are regulations and standards that govern the use of recycled materials in food packaging. For example, in the European Union, recycled plastics must comply with the Regulation (EC) No. 282/2008, which sets specific requirements for the quality and safety of recycled plastics. In the United States, recycled materials must meet the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria for food contact substances, which include identity, purity, migration, and toxicology. These regulations and standards aim to ensure that recycled materials do not pose any risk to human health or the environment.

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4 Food science solutions

Food science can also provide solutions to improve the safety and quality of recycled materials in food packaging. For example, food scientists can develop methods to detect and remove contaminants from recycled materials, such as washing, filtration, decontamination, or purification. Food scientists can also design and test new types of recycled materials that have better properties and performance, such as biodegradable, compostable, or edible materials. Food scientists can also evaluate the impact of recycled materials on food quality and shelf life, and provide recommendations for optimal storage and handling conditions.

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Claudi Verge Villarroya

Director Planta Intercomarcal de Economía Circular, S.L.U. (PIDEC)
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Cuando se introduce al mercado un envase alimentario debería pensarse en como se puede identificar y reciclar fácilmente. Realmente esto no se hace, no se consulta a las empresas recicladoras sobre los sistemas de identificación que tienen para seleccionar los envases ni como se procede a su reciclado. Esto provoca que el % de reciclaje sea muy bajo comparado con otros materiales.

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5 Consumer perceptions

Another challenge of using recycled materials in food packaging is consumer perceptions. Consumers may have different attitudes and preferences towards recycled materials, depending on their awareness, knowledge, trust, and values. Some consumers may perceive recycled materials as more environmentally friendly, ethical, or economical, and prefer them over virgin materials. Other consumers may perceive recycled materials as less safe, hygienic, or attractive, and avoid them or demand more information. Consumer perceptions can influence the demand and acceptance of recycled materials in food packaging, and affect the profitability and sustainability of the food industry.

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Claudi Verge Villarroya

Director Planta Intercomarcal de Economía Circular, S.L.U. (PIDEC)
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En este momento los consumidores tienen un exceso de información sobre el reciclaje de los envases y, lo más preocupante, es que la mayor parte de la información es greenwashing. Hoy en día no encontramos envases que no sean "reciclado y/o reciclables" según las etiquetas de los envases.

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6 Future trends

The use of recycled materials in food packaging is likely to increase in the future, as more consumers and businesses become aware of the environmental and social benefits of recycling. However, there are still many challenges and opportunities for food science to overcome and explore. Food science can play a key role in ensuring the safety and quality of recycled materials in food packaging, and in developing new and innovative solutions that meet consumer and industry needs. Food science can also contribute to the education and communication of the advantages and disadvantages of recycled materials, and to the promotion and adoption of best practices and standards.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Claudi Verge Villarroya

Director Planta Intercomarcal de Economía Circular, S.L.U. (PIDEC)
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Es fundamental para minimizar los riesgos del uso de envases para alimentos que los envases sean fácilmente identificables y reciclables. Si son fácilmente identificables se pueden seleccionar los envases alimentarios usados para volver a utilizarlos en usos alimentarios. Si son fácilmente reciclables, el % de valorización aumentará. Me refiero a envases de un mismo material, evitando mezclas de materiales que complican la reciclabilidad o multicapas que la hacen imposible.

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What are the risks of using recycled materials in food packaging?

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2

3

4

5

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7

1 Benefits of recycling

2 Challenges of recycling

3 Regulations and standards

4 Food science solutions

5 Consumer perceptions

6 Future trends

7 Here’s what else to consider

Food Science

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What are the risks of using recycled materials in food packaging?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Benefits of recycling

2 Challenges of recycling

3 Regulations and standards

4 Food science solutions

5 Consumer perceptions

6 Future trends

7 Here’s what else to consider

Food Science

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