What is the process to determine groundwater conditions at a site?

la première étape est l'étude du niveau piézométrique de la nappe accompagné par une mesure sur terrain des paramètres physiques (pH, EC, Temp et turbidité). vous avez aussi besoins des données géologique et topographique.

Determining groundwater conditions at a site involves a systematic process such as Desk Study: Conduct a thorough desk study to review existing geological and hydrogeological information about the site. Site Reconnaissance: Visit the site to observe surface features, topography, and potential indicators of groundwater conditions. Geophysical Surveys: Employ geophysical methods, such as resistivity, seismic, or electromagnetic surveys, to gather subsurface data. Test Drilling: Perform test drilling to collect soil and rock samples and install temporary monitoring wells. Aquifer Testing: Conduct aquifer tests to assess the hydraulic properties of the groundwater system.

After having reviewed all historical data available in hydrological and geological archives for this area, then we should schedule a piezometer test onsite to meter water pressure and freatic level. Afterwards, it is also important to locate the aquifer storage as well as the recharge and recovery locations.

To determine groundwater conditions at a site, start with a site investigation, collecting data on location, history, geology, topography, hydrology, and existing structures. Utilize maps, aerial photos, reports, and field observations for a comprehensive overview of site characteristics and potential groundwater issues. Additionally, review local regulatory requirements for groundwater monitoring and management. Following this, conduct geophysical surveys and drilling to obtain direct subsurface information. Geophysical methods like resistivity or seismic surveys help identify groundwater-bearing strata. Drilling boreholes and installing piezometers allow for direct measurement of groundwater levels and quality.

Desk Study: Review existing data and literature. Site Reconnaissance: Physically survey the site for surface features. Mapping: Develop geological and hydrogeological maps. Monitoring Wells: Install wells to access groundwater for sampling. Groundwater Level Monitoring: Continuously monitor well levels. Aquifer Testing: Test to determine aquifer properties. Water Quality Sampling: Collect and analyze groundwater samples. Data Analysis: Analyze data to understand groundwater patterns. Modeling: Create models to simulate groundwater behavior. Regulatory Compliance: Ensure activities comply with regulations. Reporting: Summarize findings in a comprehensive report. Mitigation and Management:

Field testing is a term used for all in-situ based methods and techniques that qualitatively and quantitatively determine physical, strength, deformability and hydromechanical properties of geomaterials in geotechnical site investigation. Geomaterials include rocks (igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary), soils and their complex, heterogeneous and anisotropic masses that consist of various components, fissures, flaws and other discontinuities at varying size scales. A site investigation generally involves literature survey, field based measurements such as line surveying to identify geomechanical properties of discontinuities of rock.

A eletrorresistividade é o principal método geofísico de pesquisa de águas subterraneas, sendo responsável pelo imageamento de grandes superfícies com ótima resolu??o e fidelidade.

Geophysical method which includes; electrical resistivity, ground-penetrating radar or seismic surveys can be used to gather subsurface data. These are methods that help identify variation in soil and rock properties that may indicate the presence of ground water.

Water quality tests will give information about the condition of the waterway. By testing water over a period of time, the changes in the quality of the water can be seen. Parameters that may be tested include temperature, pH, turbidity, salinity, nitrates and phosphates. Drinking water can come from different sources depending on where we live in the world. Three sources that are used to collect drinking water are: Groundwater Surface water Rainwater Water is in continuous movement on, above, and below the surface of the earth. As water is recycled through the earth, it picks up many things along its path. Water quality will vary from place to place, with the seasons, and with the various kinds of rock and soil it moves through.

La calidad del agua subterranea se puede determinar realizando pruebas de laboratorio, para revisar parametros que las normas permitan para los distintos usos, como riego, consumo humano, entre otros. es importante que se muestreen teniendo en cuenta el tiempo de bombeo previo, para que la muestra se tome desde una napa en movimiento, de esta manera no resultara alterado el resultado, pues la condicion real es que esta agua esta en constante succion de los equipos superficiales. parametros como: -PH -Sales Solubles. -Turbiedad -Patogenos -Minerales -Cloro -Entre otros. Son usados para determinar estos. Reitero, los criterios estan en las normas de cada pais. segun el correspondiente numero.

Es importante realizar la evaluación de la calidad del agua comparando las características de cada uno de los parámetros encontrados en las pruebas de laboratorio con los existentes en la normativa del lugar y así clasificar el tipo de agua con la que se cuenta y poder dar conclusiones para su uso y tratamiento necesario de requerirse

Project data analytics, at its simplest, is the use of past and current project data to enable effective decisions on project delivery. This includes: Descriptive analytics presenting data in the most effective format. Predictive analytics using past data to predict future performance.

Construction reporting is the creation of informational documents on everything from project events to stages and processes for monitoring and controlling the project, but also to present to stakeholders and keep them updated. Construction reports can be written or generated by project management software, but they’re always data-rich and usually illustrated by graphs and charts. That doesn’t mean construction reporting is verbose; they’re best when short and concise. The idea is to get a snapshot of the project or various aspects of it in an easily understandable fashion. The language should be clear and the format should be simple.

Geophysical survey is conducted at the site, and the hydrological history is examined, potentially obtained from government records.Utilizing the gathered data, specific locations for borehole drilling(Standard Penetration Test SPT) is carried out. The SPT test provides information such as Groundwater Level: This indicates the level at which the water rises Collection of water and soil samples: Samples taken from designated points are sent to the laboratory for comprehensive analysis. Various tests, such as sieve analysis,triaxial, density tests are performed to assess the physical and chemical properties of both soil and water. The laboratory outcomes contribute to the detailed report based on the test results from the laboratory

In the report, seasonal ground water elevation should also be mentioned. Especially regions with big eievation changes due to high tide zones, some seasons might be so higher ground water level than average. It can be impact project life due to the unexpected floods

Aquifer Testing: Conduct pumping tests to determine aquifer characteristics like transmissivity and storage coefficient. Pumping tests provide valuable information for designing efficient wells, estimating sustainable pumping rates, and understanding the aquifer's behavior.

I agree with all the above and excellent insights. But we need to consider how we can manage the ground water once it is identified as a source for beneficial use (for human consumption and irrigation for quality of life!). In California, groundwater depletion is a real concern. All water managers and water resources managers all collaborate to be part of the solution by being responsible pumpers and contributing back to replenishing the groundwater for future generations! Great discussions here! ??