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What are the potential risks of gene editing in livestock breeding?

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Gene editing is a biotechnology technique that allows scientists to make precise changes in the DNA of living organisms, such as livestock. By using tools like CRISPR-Cas9, researchers can introduce desirable traits, such as disease resistance, faster growth, or improved nutrition, in animals that are used for food production. However, gene editing also poses potential risks that need to be carefully considered and addressed. In this article, we will explore some of the possible challenges and implications of gene editing in livestock breeding.

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DR HENRIETTA OJURI

DVM, mMBA,MBA ,FIAM AND PHD CANDIDATE. CEO ECHBEE FOODS. EMERGENCY RESPONSE CORP, RED MEAT VALUE CHAIN AND BEEF…
Marcelo Fernandes dos Santos

CEO da Acurácia Zootécnica | Professor na PUC-Goiás | Pecuária de corte | Gest?o de dados
James Demmitt, MBA

CEO, Purveyor of customer value, innovation, and employee growth. Always a student. | USMC Veteran

1 Ethical issues

One of the main concerns about gene editing in livestock is the ethical impact on animal welfare and rights. Some people may argue that altering the natural characteristics of animals is unnatural, unnecessary, or cruel, and that it violates their intrinsic value and dignity. Others may question the moral justification of using animals as tools for human benefit, especially if the modifications cause harm or suffering to the animals. For example, some gene edits may result in unintended side effects, such as reduced fertility, immune disorders, or behavioral changes. Therefore, ethical issues need to be addressed with respect, transparency, and dialogue among different stakeholders.

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Marcelo Fernandes dos Santos

CEO da Acurácia Zootécnica | Professor na PUC-Goiás | Pecuária de corte | Gest?o de dados
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A aplica??o da edi??o na gen?mica nos permite maior eficiência na inser??o de genes de interesse em um local específico e seguro do genoma bovino. Permitindo buscar a express?o de características que normalmente n?o seriam encontradas em certas ra?as.

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James Demmitt, MBA

CEO, Purveyor of customer value, innovation, and employee growth. Always a student. | USMC Veteran
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Establish ethical review boards and robust regulatory frameworks to oversee gene editing practices. This ensures that gene editing is conducted responsibly and ethically, considering animal welfare and environmental impacts.

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DR HENRIETTA OJURI

DVM, mMBA,MBA ,FIAM AND PHD CANDIDATE. CEO ECHBEE FOODS. EMERGENCY RESPONSE CORP, RED MEAT VALUE CHAIN AND BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE EXPERT, BEST SELLING AUTHOR, AGRIBUSINESS CONSULTANT AND RABIES EDUCATOR.
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True, Ethical issues must be addressed but the benefits of gene editing overrides these concerns which over the years have been debated as not life threatening. Every scientific model or process using animals always have animal welfare at the center so i believe there is no reason to kick against gene editing for the benefit of mankind.

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Modibo Coulibaly
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Dans toute recherche, il est important d'évaluer et de comparer les objectifs scientifiques par apport aux contexte socio économique appelée aussi éthique. Dans une analyse comparative il sera plus aise aux usagers des résultats scientifiques de mieux se décider sur les effets et les impacts de l'innovation. il importe dès le départ de savoir s'il s'agit de produire des omelettes avec les premiers oeufs ou attendre d'avoir plus de poulets. La transformation scientifique réussie est le résultat de l'accélération de phénomènes déjà ou potentiellement existants, . L'homme en lui même est la.parfaite illustration. Nous parlerons plus de recherche d'adaptation aux résultats de recherche que de remettre en cause les résultats de recherche .

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2 Environmental risks

Another potential risk of gene editing in livestock is the environmental impact on biodiversity and ecosystems. Gene editing may create novel organisms that have not existed before, and that may have unpredictable interactions with other species and habitats. For instance, gene-edited animals may escape from farms and breed with wild populations, altering their genetic diversity and affecting their adaptation and evolution. Alternatively, gene-edited animals may introduce new pathogens or allergens that may harm other organisms or humans. Moreover, gene editing may increase the demand and pressure on natural resources, such as land, water, and feed, that are already scarce and threatened by climate change.

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DR HENRIETTA OJURI

DVM, mMBA,MBA ,FIAM AND PHD CANDIDATE. CEO ECHBEE FOODS. EMERGENCY RESPONSE CORP, RED MEAT VALUE CHAIN AND BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE EXPERT, BEST SELLING AUTHOR, AGRIBUSINESS CONSULTANT AND RABIES EDUCATOR.
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A risk to the environment is not in the front burner. Gene editing is for breeding for favorable traits as well as improve disease resistance . I dont think this process will introduce new pathogens. There is already increase pressure demands on natural resources now without the edited animals, i think a method of population control will be initiated. The advantage of the edited animals is that less animals can achieve more production results.

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DR. RAVIKUMAR MESHRAM

Senior Marketing Manager (Poultry) at Devee Group
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Benefits: Increased disease resistance and productivity. Climate adaptability and nutritional enhancements. Potential for lower environmental impact. Risks: Ethical dilemmas and potential genetic side-effects. Risk of reduced biodiversity and increased inequality. Regulatory and consumer acceptance challenges.

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Mario Espinoza

MBA | Engineer | Research & Development
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I don’t see this kind of risk since breeding is focus in commercial important traits! Which will benefit at the end. Regulation is required always

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3 Regulatory challenges

A third possible risk of gene editing in livestock is the regulatory challenge of ensuring safety, quality, and traceability of the products. Gene editing is a relatively new and fast-evolving technology that may pose difficulties for existing laws and standards to keep up with. Different countries and regions may have different approaches and criteria for regulating gene-edited animals and their products, creating inconsistencies and uncertainties for consumers and producers. For example, some countries may require labeling or approval of gene-edited products, while others may not. Furthermore, some gene edits may be hard to detect or distinguish from natural variations, making it challenging to monitor and verify their presence and effects.

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Harriet Lester, PhD

Biotech | Healthtech | Life Sciences | Ops @Reset Health | VC | Biochemistry PhD Oxford | Molecular Genetics BSc KCL |
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The Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023 in England allows the creation and marketing of gene-edited plants and vertebrate animals, removing them from the regulatory system for the release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) . This Act aims to simplify the regulatory process for 'precision bred' crops and animals, aligning regulations with other countries. However, concerns have been raised about its impact on animal welfare, ethical implications, and implications for Scotland and Wales. The Act applies to precision bred plants and vertebrate animals (excluding humans), meaning they are gene edited, and would remove them from the regulatory system for the release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

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4 Social implications

A fourth potential risk of gene editing in livestock is the social implication on public perception and acceptance. Gene editing may raise questions and concerns among consumers and citizens about the safety, quality, and ethics of the products. Some people may have negative or fearful attitudes towards gene-edited products, due to lack of information, trust, or familiarity. Others may have cultural or religious objections to consuming or using gene-edited products, due to their beliefs or values. Therefore, social implications need to be addressed with education, communication, and engagement of the public and relevant stakeholders.

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James Demmitt, MBA

CEO, Purveyor of customer value, innovation, and employee growth. Always a student. | USMC Veteran
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Openly discuss the processes, benefits, and risks associated with gene editing in livestock. Transparency is key in building trust with the public. Establish ethical review boards and robust regulatory frameworks to oversee gene editing practices. This ensures that gene editing is conducted responsibly and ethically, considering animal welfare and environmental impacts. Implement educational campaigns to inform consumers about what gene editing is, how it differs from traditional genetic modification, and its potential benefits, such as disease resistance or environmental sustainability. Involve the public in discussions and decisions regarding gene editing.

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DR HENRIETTA OJURI

DVM, mMBA,MBA ,FIAM AND PHD CANDIDATE. CEO ECHBEE FOODS. EMERGENCY RESPONSE CORP, RED MEAT VALUE CHAIN AND BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE EXPERT, BEST SELLING AUTHOR, AGRIBUSINESS CONSULTANT AND RABIES EDUCATOR.
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A lot of community engagement is necessary for the proper adoption. There must be factual information dissemination to bring everyone on the same page.

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5 Economic consequences

A fifth potential risk of gene editing in livestock is the economic consequence on market competitiveness and equity. Gene editing may create new opportunities and advantages for some producers and consumers, but also new challenges and disadvantages for others. For example, gene editing may reduce production costs and increase productivity and profitability for some farmers, but also increase the gap and inequality between large-scale and small-scale farmers, or between developed and developing countries. Moreover, gene editing may affect the demand and price of the products, depending on consumer preferences and willingness to pay. Therefore, economic consequences need to be addressed with fair and inclusive policies and practices.

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DR HENRIETTA OJURI

DVM, mMBA,MBA ,FIAM AND PHD CANDIDATE. CEO ECHBEE FOODS. EMERGENCY RESPONSE CORP, RED MEAT VALUE CHAIN AND BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE EXPERT, BEST SELLING AUTHOR, AGRIBUSINESS CONSULTANT AND RABIES EDUCATOR.
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New innovations births new markets and thus economic growth. The adoption of gene editing will open up new frontiers for investors,entrepreneurs and farmers.

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6 Scientific uncertainties

A sixth potential risk of gene editing in livestock is the scientific uncertainty of the long-term effects and outcomes. Gene editing is a complex and dynamic process that may have unintended or unforeseen consequences that are not fully understood or predictable. For example, gene edits may interact with other genes or environmental factors, resulting in unexpected changes or mutations that may affect the health and performance of the animals or their offspring. Furthermore, gene editing may have cumulative or irreversible impacts that may not be apparent or measurable until after several generations or years. Therefore, scientific uncertainties need to be addressed with rigorous and continuous research and evaluation.

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Harriet Lester, PhD

Biotech | Healthtech | Life Sciences | Ops @Reset Health | VC | Biochemistry PhD Oxford | Molecular Genetics BSc KCL |
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Some gene editing techniques, such as CRISPR Cas systems, have been shown to have unexpected off-target effects, making the technology less precise than initially expected, which could complicate the creation of GMOs. Off-target genome editing refers to nonspecific and unintended genetic modifications that can arise through the use of engineered nuclease technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, raising ethical and safety concerns. These off-target effects have been the subject of extensive investigation, and strategies to minimize them are actively being developed.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Marcelo Fernandes dos Santos

CEO da Acurácia Zootécnica | Professor na PUC-Goiás | Pecuária de corte | Gest?o de dados
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A aplica??o da edi??o na gen?mica nos permite maior eficiência na inser??o de genes de interesse em um local específico e seguro do genoma bovino. Permitindo buscar a express?o de características que normalmente n?o seriam encontradas em certas ra?as.

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What are the potential risks of gene editing in livestock breeding?

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1 Ethical issues

2 Environmental risks

3 Regulatory challenges

4 Social implications

5 Economic consequences

6 Scientific uncertainties

7 Here’s what else to consider

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