What are the most innovative uses of drone remote sensing in the military and defense industry?

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Drone remote sensing is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to collect and process data from the environment using sensors such as cameras, radars, lasers, and thermal imagers. This technology has many applications in the military and defense industry, where it can provide valuable information for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, targeting, and damage assessment. In this article, we will explore some of the most innovative uses of drone remote sensing in this sector, and how they can enhance the capabilities and safety of the armed forces.

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1 Stealth and swarm drones

One of the main advantages of drone remote sensing is that it can reduce the exposure and risk of human pilots and operators, especially in hostile or contested areas. To achieve this, some drones are designed to have stealth features, such as low-observable shapes, materials, and coatings, that can evade or minimize detection by enemy radars and sensors. For example, the XQ-58A Valkyrie is a stealthy drone that can act as a wingman for manned fighter jets, or as a decoy to distract enemy defenses. Another way to increase the survivability and effectiveness of drone remote sensing is to use swarm drones, which are groups of small and cheap drones that can coordinate and communicate with each other to perform complex tasks, such as jamming, scouting, or attacking. For instance, the Perdix drones are swarm drones that can autonomously adapt to changing scenarios and execute missions without human intervention.

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Marc Yap, M. Eng. ??

Founder at Orbital AI | Empowering Every Mind, Elevating Every Ability | Aerospace and AI Writer
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By utilizing Artificial Intelligence to enable teaming of both Stealth and Swarm drones, a “best of both worlds” capability, emerges. Stealth drones for example would team up with swarm drones meant for one time kinetic usage. The stealth drones would utilize their information, surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities to detect and guide swarms to the enemy, while also providing support and intelligence post-engagement.

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2 Hypersonic and high-altitude drones

Another way to enhance drone remote sensing is to increase the speed and altitude of the drones, which can improve their range, coverage, and responsiveness. Hypersonic drones are drones that can fly faster than five times the speed of sound, or Mach 5, which can enable them to penetrate deep into enemy territory and deliver rapid strikes or reconnaissance. For example, the SR-72 is a proposed hypersonic drone that can reach speeds of up to Mach 6, and fly at altitudes of over 80,000 feet. High-altitude drones are drones that can fly at altitudes above 60,000 feet, which can allow them to operate in the stratosphere and avoid most of the atmospheric interference and weather conditions that affect lower-flying drones. For example, the Zephyr is a high-altitude drone that can fly for months without landing, powered by solar energy, and provide persistent surveillance and communication over large areas.

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Alex Taits

Designer of Turbine Powered Drones and Generators
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One of the easiest ways to allow the drone to fly fast at very high altitudes is to use jet-engines with supersonic air scoops instead of traditional propellers. The jet engines may also be equipped with thrust vectoring systems to allow the drone to hover in place while collecting data and perform vertical takeoff and landing.

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Dan Wolfson
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In the United States "Civilian" drones are limited by the FAA to 400ft AGL. So the term "high-altitude drones" may only apply to military UAVs.

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3 Biometric and facial recognition drones

One of the challenges of drone remote sensing is to identify and track specific individuals or groups of interest, especially in crowded or urban environments. To overcome this, some drones are equipped with biometric and facial recognition sensors, which can scan and match the physical features and characteristics of people against databases or watchlists. For example, the Skydio 2 is a drone that can use artificial intelligence and computer vision to recognize and follow a person or an object, even in complex and dynamic situations. Another example is the Hoverfly LiveSky, a drone that can use facial recognition to identify and alert the operator of any persons of interest within its field of view.

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Adam Krumbein

VP of Marketing | ??? Triad RF Systems | Long-range data links for defense, aerospace, and cubesat
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Tethered drones are a great way to deploy drones and sensor packages for surveillance and public safety needs. These systems deploy quickly on location. Tethered systems have several advantages, including unlimited power up the umbilical cable enabling extended flight time without a need for swapping batteries. The tether also ensures the drone stays in a stable position and removes the need for a trained pilot to operate the drone. Once deployed, the tethered drone can also act as a "virtual mast" as part of a larger secure MIMO / MANET mesh network used by the security team, providing additional network nodes and area coverage. The additional height above ground improves RF transmission and reception in the local area.

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4 Counter-drone and anti-drone drones

As drone remote sensing becomes more widespread and accessible, it also poses a threat to the security and privacy of the military and defense industry, as well as civilians and infrastructure. To counter this, some drones are designed to detect, track, and neutralize other drones that are deemed hostile or unauthorized. These drones are called counter-drone or anti-drone drones, and they can use various methods to disable or destroy the target drones, such as jamming, hacking, netting, or shooting. For example, the DroneHunter is a counter-drone drone that can autonomously pursue and capture rogue drones using a net gun. Another example is the AUDS, a system that uses a drone-mounted radar, camera, and jammer to locate and disrupt the control and navigation of enemy drones.

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5 Medical and humanitarian drones

Finally, drone remote sensing is not only used for combat and defense purposes, but also for medical and humanitarian missions, where it can provide aid and relief to the wounded, sick, or displaced. Some drones are designed to deliver medical supplies, such as blood, vaccines, or organs, to remote or inaccessible areas, or to evacuate casualties from the battlefield. For example, the Zipline is a drone that can deliver blood and other medical products to hospitals and clinics in Africa and beyond. Another example is the Cormorant, a drone that can carry up to two people or 500 kg of cargo, and fly in and out of tight spaces, such as urban areas or forests. Other drones are designed to monitor and assess the situation and needs of the affected populations, such as refugees, disaster victims, or conflict zones. For example, the UNICEF drones are drones that can collect and analyze data on health, education, nutrition, and protection of children and families in humanitarian crises.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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John Jackley

CEO/owner at Advanced Technology Communications-sUAS pilot, Technology Services/Organizational Development & Technical Assistance-Portland, OR * Panama City, Panamá * Accra, Ghana
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Would be useful to have a section on port and maritime security, which requires hybrid strategies and systems because it spans on-land security and at sea, which is very different.

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What are the most innovative uses of drone remote sensing in the military and defense industry?

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1 Stealth and swarm drones

2 Hypersonic and high-altitude drones

3 Biometric and facial recognition drones

4 Counter-drone and anti-drone drones

5 Medical and humanitarian drones

6 Here’s what else to consider

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