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What are the most innovative lighting design tools for virtual reality video?

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Virtual reality (VR) video is an immersive and interactive medium that requires careful lighting design to create a realistic and engaging experience. Lighting can affect the mood, tone, depth, and spatial awareness of the VR environment, as well as the performance and comfort of the viewers. However, lighting design for VR video also poses unique challenges, such as limited resolution, dynamic movement, and varying display devices. In this article, you will learn about some of the most innovative lighting design tools for VR video that can help you overcome these challenges and enhance your VR projects.

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Todd Scrutchfield

Seizing the helm of industry change as a precision, passionate disruptor, innovator, and rainmaker.

1 Dynamic lighting engines

One of the most essential tools for VR lighting design is a dynamic lighting engine that can render realistic and responsive lighting effects in real time. A dynamic lighting engine can simulate how light behaves in different materials, environments, and scenarios, such as reflections, shadows, occlusion, and color grading. It can also adapt to the changes in the VR scene, such as the position, orientation, and actions of the viewer and the objects. Some of the most popular dynamic lighting engines for VR video are Unreal Engine, Unity, and Lumberyard, which offer various features and plugins for VR development.

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Todd Scrutchfield

Seizing the helm of industry change as a precision, passionate disruptor, innovator, and rainmaker.
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Often we lose sight of how to learn the fundamentals. While these dynamic lighting engines can do fantastic things, they only do so because they follow fundamental rules. The best tip I can give is to learn how lightning works in the real world and learn fundamental photography and film tricks relating to lighting, and you'll be surprised how simple and intuitive a lighting engine can be. Remember that the real world has swimming lessons to teach us. The virtual world is growing to become a representation of the real world. When we open our eyes and absorb the beauty in the real world, we have the capability to create anything we can imagine in the virtual world.

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2 Spatial audio tools

Another important tool for VR lighting design is a spatial audio tool that can create a 3D sound field that matches the VR scene. Spatial audio can enhance the realism and immersion of the VR video by providing directional and positional cues for the sources and effects of light. For example, spatial audio can help the viewer locate a light source behind them, or hear the sound of a fire crackling or a thunderstorm rumbling. Spatial audio can also create a sense of depth and distance for the VR environment, as well as the mood and tone of the lighting. Some of the most widely used spatial audio tools for VR video are Steam Audio, Resonance Audio, and Oculus Audio SDK.

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3 Light probes and cubemaps

A third tool for VR lighting design is a light probe or a cubemap, which are both methods of capturing and reproducing the lighting conditions of a real or virtual environment. A light probe is a device that measures the intensity and color of light from different directions, while a cubemap is a texture that maps the six faces of a cube to the surrounding environment. Both tools can be used to create realistic and consistent lighting for VR video, especially for static or pre-rendered scenes. Light probes and cubemaps can also help reduce the computational load and improve the performance of the VR video, as they can provide accurate and efficient lighting information without requiring complex calculations.

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4 Motion capture and tracking systems

A fourth tool for VR lighting design is a motion capture or tracking system, which can record and translate the movement and position of the viewer and the objects in the VR scene. A motion capture or tracking system can help create dynamic and interactive lighting effects that respond to the actions and gestures of the viewer and the objects. For example, a motion capture or tracking system can enable the viewer to control the brightness or color of a light source with their hands, or trigger a lighting event with their movement. Some of the most common motion capture and tracking systems for VR video are HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, and Kinect.

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Todd Scrutchfield

Seizing the helm of industry change as a precision, passionate disruptor, innovator, and rainmaker.
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MoCap and Object/Camera tracking are wonderful tools. However, let us not get lost in intricate or elaborate technology when the fundamental goal is to create realism. The result is more important than the method. I encourage everyone to learn the methods but keep your eyes on the result and you'll often find that less technology is required and the outcome is of better quality once unneeded complexity is removed.

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5 VR headsets and controllers

A fifth tool for VR lighting design is a VR headset and controller, which are the devices that display and interact with the VR video. A VR headset and controller can affect the quality and comfort of the VR lighting design, as they can influence the resolution, field of view, refresh rate, latency, and color accuracy of the VR video. They can also provide feedback and input for the VR lighting effects, such as haptic vibrations, buttons, and gestures. Therefore, it is important to consider the specifications and compatibility of the VR headset and controller when designing the lighting for VR video. Some of the most popular VR headsets and controllers for VR video are Oculus Quest, PlayStation VR, and Samsung Gear VR.

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Todd Scrutchfield

Seizing the helm of industry change as a precision, passionate disruptor, innovator, and rainmaker.
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I love to create for VR, but I also enjoy telling stories. Most people connect with good stories but often struggle to embrace the technology. These kinds of tools are wonderful, but the story is the goal so find a way to make the technology disappear seamlessly behind a well-constructed narrative that connects to the user.

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6 VR testing and debugging tools

A sixth tool for VR lighting design is a VR testing and debugging tool, which can help you evaluate and improve the quality and performance of your VR lighting design. A VR testing and debugging tool can help you identify and fix any issues or errors in your VR lighting design, such as flickering, clipping, aliasing, or distortion. It can also help you optimize and fine-tune your VR lighting design, such as adjusting the intensity, color, direction, or shape of the light sources. Some of the most useful VR testing and debugging tools for VR video are RenderDoc, VRMark, and Unreal Engine Profiler.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Todd Scrutchfield

Seizing the helm of industry change as a precision, passionate disruptor, innovator, and rainmaker.
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Countless times I've created content for Live Event display systems. The end goal is to create visual imagery set perfectly for the audience attending the event. Concurrently, these events are often televised. It often becomes tricky to design for both. The design doesn't just include the visual imagery but also the design and construction of the scenic elements. I've used every tool and technology to visualize the results in two decades of doing this. VR devices such as headsets, and photorealistic rendering tools are a great way to gain perspectives but they are often not the end goal. I encourage everyone to remember the result without becoming distracted in the technology. Remember your audience and don't get lost in the tools.

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What are the most innovative lighting design tools for virtual reality video?

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1 Dynamic lighting engines

2 Spatial audio tools

3 Light probes and cubemaps

4 Motion capture and tracking systems

5 VR headsets and controllers

6 VR testing and debugging tools

7 Here’s what else to consider

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