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What are the most cost-effective environmental monitoring technologies for small-scale projects?

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If you are involved in a small-scale project that requires environmental monitoring, such as a community garden, a habitat restoration, or a citizen science initiative, you might wonder what are the best tools and methods to measure and report on the environmental conditions and impacts of your project. Environmental monitoring can help you assess the baseline status, the progress, and the outcomes of your project, as well as identify any potential risks or opportunities for improvement. However, environmental monitoring can also be costly, time-consuming, and complex, depending on the type and scope of your project. In this article, we will explore some of the most cost-effective environmental monitoring technologies for small-scale projects, and how they can help you achieve your environmental goals.

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Hudson Souza

Engenheiro Ambiental | Engenheiro de Seguran?a do Trabalho | Minera??o e Meio Ambiente
Weuken de Oliveira Pereira

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1 Low-cost sensors

One of the most accessible and affordable ways to monitor environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, air quality, soil moisture, light, noise, or water level, is to use low-cost sensors. These are small devices that can measure and transmit data wirelessly to a smartphone, a computer, or a cloud platform. Low-cost sensors can be easily deployed, configured, and calibrated, and can provide real-time or near-real-time data that can be visualized, analyzed, or shared. Some examples of low-cost sensors are Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or Grove kits, which can be customized to fit your project needs. However, low-cost sensors also have some limitations, such as lower accuracy, reliability, and durability, compared to professional-grade sensors. Therefore, you should always verify and validate your data quality, and use appropriate methods to correct or discard any errors or outliers.

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Hudson Souza

Engenheiro Ambiental | Engenheiro de Seguran?a do Trabalho | Minera??o e Meio Ambiente
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Ao se falar em projetos de pequena escala, é imprescindível entender os custos envolvidos e o nível de precis?o exigido na análises ambientais. Comumente, projetos de pequena escala usam dados de fonte secundária, ou seja, usam dados coletados em estudos de terceiros em uma área similar ou na mesma regi?o ou bacia hidrográfica. Com a possibilidade de usar sensores de baixo custo como o Arduino e Raspbery Pi, vejo que a baixa acurácia os dados primários que estes s?o capazes de coletar n?o s?o um empecilho, mas uma oportunidade de validar os dados secundários disponíveis. Evidentemente se o projeto exige dados primários mais precisos, o empreendimento deverá aprovisionar um custo para contrata??o de monitoramentos com metodologia compatível.

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Weuken de Oliveira Pereira

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Sensoriamento remoto é pe?a fundamental para uma boa análise geográfica e ambiental de um espa?o que tenha floresta, porque sem ele, o ambientalista n?o consegue aprofundar-se em suas análises e consecutivamente seu olhar planificado n?o permite aplicar a engenharia sob o solo ou na água se visto apenas por um único ponto.

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2 Remote sensing

Another way to monitor environmental conditions and changes, especially over large or inaccessible areas, is to use remote sensing. Remote sensing is the process of acquiring and interpreting data from a distance, using satellites, drones, airplanes, or cameras. Remote sensing can provide high-resolution images and information on various environmental aspects, such as land cover, vegetation, water quality, erosion, or biodiversity. Remote sensing can also enable temporal analysis, by comparing data from different dates or seasons. However, remote sensing can also be expensive, depending on the type and frequency of data collection, and the equipment and software required. Moreover, remote sensing data can be affected by atmospheric conditions, such as clouds or haze, and can require complex processing and analysis to extract meaningful information.

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Weuken de Oliveira Pereira

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Há um tempo atrás em uma conversa informal com meu professor de biologia geral, Felipe Wartchow, sobre coleta de amostras e dados em ambientes cobertos por vegeta??o densa percebi instantaneamente a importancia do sensoriamento remoto para o dia-a-dia do engenheiro ambiental.

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3 Citizen science

A third option to monitor environmental variables and impacts, especially for projects that involve public participation or education, is to use citizen science. Citizen science is the practice of engaging non-professional volunteers in collecting, reporting, or analyzing environmental data, using simple tools or methods. Citizen science can help you increase the spatial and temporal coverage of your data, as well as raise awareness and interest among your stakeholders and community members. Citizen science can also provide valuable insights and feedback on your project performance and outcomes. Some examples of citizen science projects are iNaturalist, eBird, or GLOBE, which allow you to record and share observations on biodiversity, birds, or climate. However, citizen science can also pose some challenges, such as ensuring data quality, consistency, and credibility, as well as motivating and training your volunteers.

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4 Data management and communication

Regardless of the type and source of your environmental monitoring data, you will need to have a clear and effective strategy for data management and communication. Data management involves storing, organizing, cleaning, and securing your data, using appropriate tools and platforms. Data communication involves presenting, visualizing, and sharing your data, using appropriate formats and channels. Data management and communication can help you make sense of your data, identify trends and patterns, and communicate your findings and recommendations to your audience. Some examples of data management and communication tools are Excel, Google Sheets, Tableau, or Power BI, which allow you to manipulate, analyze, and display your data. However, data management and communication can also require some skills and resources, such as data literacy, software licenses, or web hosting.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the most cost-effective environmental monitoring technologies for small-scale projects?

1

2

3

4

5

1 Low-cost sensors

2 Remote sensing

3 Citizen science

4 Data management and communication

5 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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What are the most cost-effective environmental monitoring technologies for small-scale projects?

1

2

3

4

5

1 Low-cost sensors

2 Remote sensing

3 Citizen science

4 Data management and communication

5 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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