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What are the key elements of a successful intergovernmental agreement for comprehensive planning?

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Comprehensive planning is a process of developing and implementing a long-term vision for the physical, social, and economic development of a community or region. It involves identifying goals, policies, and actions that address various aspects of land use, transportation, housing, environment, public services, and more. To achieve effective and coordinated comprehensive planning, different levels of government need to work together and align their plans and policies. This is where intergovernmental agreements (IGAs) come in. IGAs are formal contracts or arrangements that establish the roles, responsibilities, and expectations of the parties involved in a joint planning effort. They can help foster collaboration, avoid duplication, resolve conflicts, and leverage resources. But what are the key elements of a successful IGA for comprehensive planning? Here are some tips to consider.

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1 Purpose and scope

The first element of a successful IGA is a clear and specific statement of the purpose and scope of the agreement. This should include the rationale, objectives, and benefits of the joint planning effort, as well as the geographic area, time frame, and subject matter covered by the agreement. The purpose and scope should also define the legal authority and validity of the agreement, and the relationship between the IGA and other existing or future plans and policies.

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Kathie Ebaugh, FAICP

Dedicated to developing great communities. Live. Learn. Work. Play. Thrive.
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It is critical for the purpose to be bought in from all those involved in partnership organizations and supported by the greater community. Otherwise, once those who forged the partnership have moved on, the commitment to the partnership can wain.

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2 Roles and responsibilities

The second element of a successful IGA is a detailed description of the roles and responsibilities of each party involved in the agreement. This should include the names and contact information of the representatives, the decision-making process and authority, the communication and coordination mechanisms, and the division of tasks and resources. The roles and responsibilities should also specify the rights and obligations of each party, such as the ability to withdraw, modify, or terminate the agreement, or the liability and dispute resolution procedures.

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3 Work plan and budget

The third element of a successful IGA is a realistic and feasible work plan and budget for the joint planning effort. This should include the scope of work, the deliverables and outcomes, the timeline and milestones, the performance indicators and evaluation methods, and the cost estimates and funding sources. The work plan and budget should also include the contingency plans and risk management strategies, as well as the reporting and accountability requirements.

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4 Public participation and engagement

The fourth element of a successful IGA is a comprehensive and inclusive public participation and engagement strategy for the joint planning effort. This should include the identification of the stakeholders and their interests, the methods and tools for informing, consulting, and involving them, and the feedback and response mechanisms. The public participation and engagement strategy should also include the evaluation and documentation of the results and impacts of the public input, as well as the recognition and appreciation of the contributions.

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5 Implementation and monitoring

The fifth element of a successful IGA is a clear and effective implementation and monitoring plan for the joint planning effort. This should include the identification of the responsible parties, the actions and timelines, the resources and support, and the coordination and communication channels. The implementation and monitoring plan should also include the review and update mechanisms, the compliance and enforcement measures, and the reporting and feedback systems.

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6 Review and renewal

The sixth and final element of a successful IGA is a regular and systematic review and renewal process for the joint planning effort. This should include the criteria and frequency for evaluating the progress, performance, and outcomes of the agreement, as well as the opportunities and challenges for improvement. The review and renewal process should also include the consultation and negotiation procedures for revising or renewing the agreement, as well as the termination or expiration clauses.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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David N. Hauseman AIA, NCARB, CSI, ACI

The Hauseman Group
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Comprehensive planning is many times an effort to keep all sides happy. The result can be a muddy plan base upon what the vocal leaders know an trust. Where are the visionaries that see a bigger picture with bold possibilities. We do not need more brick and Williamsburg communities with led fake gas lights. Community involvement is important, but so are bold new plans that many time do not fully work but have to be allowed to be manipulated and evolve.

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John Jennings, AICP, PP

Fund Raiser, Journalist,Thinker and Professional Planner
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We desperately need an IGA for my region along Route 9 in NJ, USA. The highway racing at night is far too loud, poses serious traffic safety issues, and is much more than a public nuisance. Five or more municipalities from Old Bridge, Marlboro, Manalapan, Freehold Twp., Freehold Borough, Howell, and Lakewood need effective leadership to develop an effective IGA to address this serious issue.

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What are the key elements of a successful intergovernmental agreement for comprehensive planning?

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1 Purpose and scope

2 Roles and responsibilities

3 Work plan and budget

4 Public participation and engagement

5 Implementation and monitoring

6 Review and renewal

7 Here’s what else to consider

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