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What are effective feedback techniques for collectivistic cultures?

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Feedback is a crucial part of any team's performance and development, but it can also be a source of conflict and misunderstanding, especially when working across cultures. Collectivistic cultures, such as those in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, tend to value group harmony, interdependence, and face-saving over individual achievement, autonomy, and directness. Therefore, giving and receiving feedback in collectivistic cultures requires different techniques and strategies than in individualistic cultures, such as those in North America, Europe, and Australia. In this article, you will learn some effective feedback techniques for collectivistic cultures that can help you avoid cultural clashes and build trust and rapport with your colleagues.

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Frank Edos

Close Protection Operative based in Monaco
Tony Ragoonanan

Emotional Intelligence and Performance Management Specialist | Helping businesses to get Organizational Behaviour right…

1 Understand the context

Before giving feedback, you need to understand the context and expectations of the feedback situation in the collectivistic culture you are working with. For example, you need to consider who is giving the feedback, who is receiving it, what is the purpose and goal of the feedback, what is the relationship and power distance between the parties, what is the appropriate tone and style of communication, and what are the potential consequences of the feedback. By understanding the context, you can tailor your feedback to suit the situation and avoid offending or embarrassing anyone.

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2 Use indirect and positive language

One of the most important feedback techniques for collectivistic cultures is to use indirect and positive language that respects the face and dignity of the feedback recipient. Face is the social image and reputation that one maintains in relation to others, and losing face can cause shame, loss of status, and damage to relationships. Therefore, you should avoid blunt, negative, or personal criticism that can make the recipient feel attacked or exposed. Instead, you should use subtle hints, suggestions, questions, or examples that imply the need for improvement without explicitly stating it. You should also balance your feedback with praise, appreciation, and recognition of the recipient's strengths and contributions to the group.

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Frank Edos

Close Protection Operative based in Monaco
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The globe is a mix up of different colours and ethnic culture, that should make us great as a professional and a combination of mix culture show respect, open the opportunity to knowledge our concerns and work as a team, is the only way to make success, no discrimination of any culture difference .

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Mina A. Acquah, PhD, MPhil

Educator and Researcher in HRM, Organizational Behaviour, Marketing and Sustainability.
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Using indirect communication and framing feedback in a relational context can be effective, focusing on the impact on group harmony and collaboration.

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3 Focus on the process and the group

Another feedback technique for collectivistic cultures is to focus on the process and the group rather than the outcome and the individual. Collectivistic cultures tend to value how things are done and how they affect the group harmony and cohesion more than what is achieved and who is responsible for it. Therefore, you should avoid singling out or comparing individuals based on their performance or results, as this can create resentment, jealousy, or competition among the team members. Instead, you should emphasize the feedback as a learning opportunity and a way to enhance the group's performance and development. You should also involve the team in the feedback process and encourage collaboration and mutual support.

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Tony Ragoonanan

Emotional Intelligence and Performance Management Specialist | Helping businesses to get Organizational Behaviour right | Trainer | Mentor | Founder of V-Formation Training and Development
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Because I live in a predominantly collectivistic culture (Trinidad & Tobago scores 16 on the Individualism scale - Hofstede Insights, 2018), my approach to feedback, even if it's to an individual, is how it will make a difference to the team. Even in overall performance appraisals, defined competencies that encourage teamwork should be heavily represented.

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4 Choose the right time and place

Another feedback technique for collectivistic cultures is to choose the right time and place to deliver your feedback. Collectivistic cultures tend to prefer private and informal settings for feedback, as they can provide a safe and comfortable space for the recipient to save face and respond to the feedback. Therefore, you should avoid giving feedback in public or formal situations, such as meetings, presentations, or emails, as they can expose the recipient to unwanted attention or scrutiny. Instead, you should give feedback in private or one-on-one conversations, such as phone calls, chats, or casual meetings, as they can allow you to build rapport and trust with the recipient and use non-verbal cues to convey your feedback.

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Mina A. Acquah, PhD, MPhil

Educator and Researcher in HRM, Organizational Behaviour, Marketing and Sustainability.
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In collectivist cultures, feedback is often best delivered in a private and constructive manner to avoid causing public embarrassment.

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5 Follow up and monitor

The last feedback technique for collectivistic cultures is to follow up and monitor the feedback after you deliver it. Collectivistic cultures tend to value long-term and stable relationships over short-term and transactional ones, and they expect feedback to be part of an ongoing and reciprocal communication process. Therefore, you should not assume that your feedback is understood or accepted by the recipient without checking and confirming it. Instead, you should follow up and monitor the feedback by asking for feedback on your feedback, clarifying any doubts or questions, providing support and guidance, acknowledging progress and achievements, and soliciting feedback on your own performance and behavior.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Mina A. Acquah, PhD, MPhil

Educator and Researcher in HRM, Organizational Behaviour, Marketing and Sustainability.
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In collectivist cultures, emphasize group harmony and provide feedback in a private, constructive manner to avoid causing embarrassment. Use indirect language, highlight contributions to the team, and offer praise along with areas for improvement. Encourage open dialogue and ensure that feedback aligns with shared goals for the collective success of the team.

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What are effective feedback techniques for collectivistic cultures?

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3

4

5

6

1 Understand the context

2 Use indirect and positive language

3 Focus on the process and the group

4 Choose the right time and place

5 Follow up and monitor

6 Here’s what else to consider

Conflict Management

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What are effective feedback techniques for collectivistic cultures?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Understand the context

2 Use indirect and positive language

3 Focus on the process and the group

4 Choose the right time and place

5 Follow up and monitor

6 Here’s what else to consider

Conflict Management

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