What do you do if you want to learn network security through hands-on projects?

This is what i would do: 1. Setup a realistic learning goal. 2. Try and search and choose project. 3. Start with learning basics. 4. Refer study materials. 5. Search for peer group for networking 6. Contribute to open-source projects, if allowed. 7. Learn project documentation and record milestones achieved. 8. Stay focused on learnings and be persistent.

Define specific learning objectives for your network security projects. Determine which areas of network security you want to focus on, such as encryption, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, or network monitoring. Choose a lab environment where you can safely conduct hands-on experiments without impacting production systems. Select project topics that align with your learning goals. Examples of network security projects include setting up a virtual private network (VPN), configuring a firewall, implementing secure wireless networks, or performing penetration testing on network infrastructure. Utilize online tutorials, guides, and resources to learn the necessary concepts and techniques for each project.

Before diving into complex network projects, prioritize mastering network security fundamentals, learn about the Network Layers its differences, the PDUs, TCP/IP, HTTP, Certificates, SSL etc. This knowledge is the bedrock for secure design and threat anticipation. It empowers you to choose secure technologies and communicate effectively with your team. Focus on core concepts like firewalls and access control, along with common threats and vulnerabilities. Learn best practices for securing devices and data. This investment in fundamentals will equip you to tackle intricate projects with confidence, ensuring a strong security posture from the ground up.

I will design a roadmap on how basic network monitoring, protection and analysis should follow, and ensure I align it with my project goals. I will lay a foundation model for networks and network security of the project by following industrial international best practices in relation to the application of firewalls, security zones, proxy server and VPN.

Based on my experience, it's advisable to begin by establishing a strong foundation in networking fundamentals. Understand concepts like TCP/IP, OSI model, and network protocols, as they form the bedrock of network security knowledge.

Network simulation tools like GNS3 and Packet Tracer are essential for hands-on networking experience in a controlled setting. GNS3 offers robust emulation capabilities with support for various network devices and integration with real hardware, making it ideal for complex configurations and advanced scenarios. On the other hand, Packet Tracer, designed by Cisco for educational use, provides a user-friendly platform to practice fundamental networking concepts without the complexities of full-scale emulation. Both tools are cost-effective alternatives to physical hardware, allowing users to experiment, troubleshoot, and develop practical networking skills in a risk-free virtual environment.

Packet sniffer or network protocol analyzer provide security professional hands-on experience on monitoring, reading, viewing and protecting the network while working on the project.

Tools such as Cisco Packet Tracer or GNS3- to create virtual network environments for experimentation and practice. These tools offer a risk-free environment to explore different security configurations and scenarios.

Capture The Flag competitions offer a gamified, controlled environment to tackle security challenges in areas like cryptography, web exploits, and binary analysis. Platforms like TryHackMe and Hack The Box provide real-time CTF experiences, allowing you to apply and expand your skills while engaging with a community of security enthusiasts. These competitions are not only fun but also educational, helping you learn new techniques and problem-solving strategies. Additionally, developing scripting and automation skills during CTFs is essential for efficiency and is particularly valuable for aspiring bug bounty hunters.

CTFs are a must for all beginners and even intermediates to go hands-on and practical. Numerous free and paid platforms go deep into the security aspect, you don't need any prior knowledge to start your journey, they have specially curated learning curves that take you through the journey. Some of the most important platforms that you must take a look at are, Hackthebox, Tryhackme, OverTheWire, PortSwigger, HackerOne, hackerRank, Kontra, Vulnhub, Pentester academy, RootMe

In my little experience, I found it useful to put skills learned theoretically to the test in real-world cybersecurity challenges and CTFs provide hands-on experience with various security concepts, including network security, cryptography, and web exploitation.

Take a look at some of the cloud environments, they have tutorials and training on setting up virtual networks that mimic physical devices. You can practice in hands on settings in the virtual environments. That can translate to real world builds.

Open-source security tools like Wireshark for network traffic analysis and Metasploit for penetration testing are indispensable assets in the cybersecurity toolkit. Wireshark allows real-time packet inspection, aiding in detecting anomalies and performance issues across various protocols. Meanwhile, Metasploit enables professionals to simulate attacks, pinpoint vulnerabilities, and assess system defences comprehensively. Both tools, freely accessible and supported by active communities, offer cost-effective alternatives to commercial solutions. Leveraging these resources equips cybersecurity enthusiasts and professionals alike with robust capabilities to fortify networks, identify threats, and validate defences efficiently

In addition to the mentioned points, you can also: network with professionals to gain insights, participate in Capture The Flag (CTF) competitions for practical experience, contribute to open-source projects on platforms like GitHub, shadow experienced professionals for mentorship, and build a secure home network to experiment with different configurations.