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Last updated on 2024年5月22日

What are the differences and similarities between TCP and UDP protocols?

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Routing and switching are two fundamental concepts in computer networking that enable data transmission across networks. In this article, you will learn the basics of routing and switching, and how they differ from each other. You will also discover the similarities and differences between two common protocols used for data transfer: TCP and UDP.

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Thomas Leone

Product Assurance Engineer
Prem Pawar

Generative AI | Google Cloud | Genesys Cloud | ReactJS | NodeJS | Dialog flow | Building Conversational AI Agents using…

1 What is routing?

Routing is the process of finding the best path for data packets to travel from a source device to a destination device across a network. Routers are devices that perform routing by using routing tables, which store information about the network topology and the available routes. Routing can be static, where the routes are manually configured, or dynamic, where the routes are automatically updated by routing protocols.

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Daniel Marques

Analista de Redes | Ciberseguran?a | Blue Team | SOC |
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Roteamento é o processo de determinar o caminho mais eficiente para direcionar pacotes de dados de um dispositivo de origem para um dispositivo de destino em uma rede. Isso é realizado pelos roteadores, que utilizam tabelas de roteamento contendo informa??es sobre a topologia da rede e as rotas disponíveis. Existem duas abordagens principais: roteamento estático, onde as rotas s?o configuradas manualmente, e roteamento dinamico, onde as rotas s?o atualizadas automaticamente por meio de protocolos de roteamento. Essa otimiza??o ajuda a garantir uma comunica??o eficiente e confiável entre os dispositivos na rede.

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2 What is switching?

Switching is the process of moving data packets within a network segment, such as a local area network (LAN). Switches are devices that perform switching by using MAC addresses, which identify the physical addresses of devices on a network. Switching can be layer 2, where the switches operate at the data link layer of the OSI model, or layer 3, where the switches also perform routing functions at the network layer.

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Daniel Marques

Analista de Redes | Ciberseguran?a | Blue Team | SOC |
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Switching é o processo de encaminhamento de dados em uma rede de computadores de um dispositivo de origem para um destino, geralmente dentro de uma rede local (LAN) ou entre redes locais conectadas. é uma fun??o realizada por dispositivos chamados switches, que operam na camada de enlace de dados do modelo OSI. Os switches usam endere?os MAC (Media Access Control) para encaminhar os dados para o dispositivo de destino correto. Essa tecnologia permite a comunica??o eficiente entre os dispositivos em uma rede, garantindo que os dados sejam entregues com precis?o e rapidez.

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3 What are TCP and UDP?

TCP and UDP are two protocols that belong to the transport layer of the OSI model, which is responsible for ensuring reliable and efficient data transfer between devices. TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol, and UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol. Both protocols use port numbers to identify the applications that send and receive data on a device.

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Daniel Marques

Analista de Redes | Ciberseguran?a | Blue Team | SOC |
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TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) e UDP (User Datagram Protocol) s?o dois protocolos de transporte em redes de computadores. O TCP é orientado à conex?o, oferecendo comunica??o confiável e ordenada, enquanto o UDP é sem conex?o, proporcionando comunica??o n?o confiável e n?o ordenada. O TCP garante a entrega dos dados sem erros, enquanto o UDP n?o tem confirma??o de entrega. O TCP é mais lento devido à sobrecarga de controle, enquanto o UDP é mais rápido, sendo preferido para transmiss?es em tempo real.

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S Shyam Kumar

Beta Microsoft Learn Student Ambassador | Technology and Cybersecurity Enthusiast
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TCP is a connection-oriented protocol and it guarantees the data that you sent reaches the destination safely with no data loss TCP happens when you send a PDF to your friend, whether your friend got the PDF properly or not TCP will take care of it and if this happens through UDP your friend will not get the PDF properly and some data loss will happen as UDP is not connection oriented UDP is a connectionless protocol and its fast, meaning it doesn't care whether the receiver has received the data properly or not TCP is slow since it take more process to guarantee proper data transfer UDP is fast since it doesn't take checks to whether receiver receives data properly or not Hope this explanation helps!

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4 How do TCP and UDP differ?

TCP and UDP differ in several aspects, such as reliability, connection, congestion control, and speed. TCP is a reliable protocol that guarantees the delivery of data packets in the correct order and without errors. TCP establishes a connection between the sender and the receiver before sending data, and uses acknowledgments and retransmissions to ensure data integrity. TCP also implements congestion control mechanisms to avoid network overload and packet loss. UDP, on the other hand, is an unreliable protocol that does not guarantee the delivery of data packets, nor their order or quality. UDP does not establish a connection before sending data, and does not use acknowledgments or retransmissions to confirm data receipt. UDP also does not implement congestion control mechanisms, which can lead to packet loss or duplication.

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Thomas Leone

Product Assurance Engineer
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I Suggest expounding on the TCP three way handshake procedure, ie. ack, syn-ack, fin-ack and the TCP segment windowing mechanism.

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Steven Lin

Distinguished Member of Technical Staff II at Calix
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While UDP is an unreliable protocol, reliability can be overlaid on top of it. For example, QUIC is a reliable protocol that runs on top of UDP. QUIC is often used in place of TCP.

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Ing. Percy Luis Venturo Huares

Ingeniero Electrónico especialista en Redes de Telecomunicaciones y Sistemas de Seguridad Electrónica
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TCP orientado a la conexión, debido a que se debe iniciar una sesión entre dos dispositivos, lo cual permite la retransmisión de la información, en cambio UDP debe confiar en los protocolos de capa superior para mantener la sesión y la verificación de errores

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5 How do TCP and UDP compare?

TCP and UDP have different advantages and disadvantages depending on the type of application and network environment. TCP is more suitable for applications that require high reliability and accuracy, such as web browsing, email, file transfer, and video streaming. UDP is more suitable for applications that require low latency and high speed, such as voice over IP, online gaming, and live broadcasting. TCP and UDP can also work together in some cases, such as when using HTTPS, which combines TCP for secure connection and UDP for fast data transfer.

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Prem Pawar

Generative AI | Google Cloud | Genesys Cloud | ReactJS | NodeJS | Dialog flow | Building Conversational AI Agents using VertexAI, Dialogflow & Genesys
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Main difference in both protocols is Approach to data delivery TCP :- -Connection oriented -Slow in speed -Reliable in order of delivery of data packets -mainly used in mailing or web browsing UDP :- -Connectionless -Speed over reliability, less reliable -No guarantee of complete data transfer -mainly used in real time cases like gaming or streaming

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S Shyam Kumar

Beta Microsoft Learn Student Ambassador | Technology and Cybersecurity Enthusiast
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TCP is reliable and ensures complete data transfer but it is slow UDP is not reliable and does not ensure complete data transfer but it is fast TCP is connection-oriented and UDP is not Hope it helps!

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6 How to choose between TCP and UDP?

When selecting between TCP and UDP, the application and user's preferences and requirements should be taken into account. Factors to consider include the importance of reliability and quality versus speed and efficiency, the availability of network resources and bandwidth, the type and frequency of data transmission and feedback, the security and encryption requirements, as well as the compatibility and interoperability of devices and protocols.

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Srikanth G.

My learning stops when my heart does
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Overlay protocols. i.e. Ones that use tunneling in VPN technologies use a combination of both. In 2023, this should definitely be talked about and standardized. Especially the huge performance degredation associated by the usage of TCP over TCP.

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What are the differences and similarities between TCP and UDP protocols?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 What is routing?

2 What is switching?

3 What are TCP and UDP?

4 How do TCP and UDP differ?

5 How do TCP and UDP compare?

6 How to choose between TCP and UDP?

Computer Networking

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What are the differences and similarities between TCP and UDP protocols?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 What is routing?

2 What is switching?

3 What are TCP and UDP?

4 How do TCP and UDP differ?

5 How do TCP and UDP compare?

6 How to choose between TCP and UDP?

Computer Networking

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