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What design patterns can you use to streamline Process Automation programming?

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Process automation is the use of software to automate repetitive and rule-based tasks that usually require human intervention. It can save time, reduce errors, improve quality, and enhance customer satisfaction. However, process automation programming can also be complex, tedious, and prone to bugs if not done properly. That's why you need to use some design patterns to streamline your process automation programming. Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems that can help you structure your code, improve its readability, maintainability, and scalability, and avoid reinventing the wheel. In this article, we will explore some of the most useful design patterns for process automation programming and how to apply them in your projects.

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Sagar Sable

Technical Account Manager | Enterprise Success Consultant | Mentor | WonderBotz | UiPath | Ex Information Management…
Martin Luther C. e Silva

CEO e Influenciador RPA na Biti9 | Scale-Up Endeavor 2023
Shreekant Mandvikar

I help companies automate business processes using Intelligent automation

1 Factory Pattern

The factory pattern is a creational design pattern that allows you to create objects without specifying their exact classes. Instead, you use a factory method or class that decides which object to create based on some input or logic. This way, you can abstract the object creation process and make your code more flexible and adaptable to changing requirements. For example, you can use the factory pattern to create different types of automation tasks based on the input data or parameters, such as web scraping, data extraction, file manipulation, etc. You can also use the factory pattern to create different types of automation tools or frameworks based on the target platform or environment, such as desktop, web, mobile, etc.

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Sagar Sable

Technical Account Manager | Enterprise Success Consultant | Mentor | WonderBotz | UiPath | Ex Information Management Professional
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Designing a value-driven automation involves first understanding business requirements in terms of ROI, business values, and values to the end user in terms of relief from mundane tasks. Next, understanding the business process in detail and ensuring that every aspect of process handling is covered. Finally, resilient design and development should be carried out in a pre-defined framework with minimal to no changes in the architecture and in a standard format that deals with input and output in a sequential manner. When designing any automation process, whether software or hardware, it is important to know and understand the pre and post connections such as legacy apps, human involvement, compatibility with legacy systems, etc.

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Martin Luther C. e Silva

CEO e Influenciador RPA na Biti9 | Scale-Up Endeavor 2023
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Neste modelo, o principal objetivo é serializar as entregas e obter o máximo de eficiência na produ??o de automa??es. Ponto mais relevante na estratégia de uma fábrica de automa??o é a descri??o clara de cada etapa do processo, estabelecendo com clareza quais s?o inputs e outputs destas etapas, adicionalmente criando artefatos ou objetos que determinar?o a qualidade da entrega desta etapas. Recomendo esse modelo para empresas com roadmap claro de automa??o e necessidade de velocidade de entrega.

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Jackson Christopher

Senior Engineer - Automation & Instrumentation
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Considering the type of design patterns to use is purely based on the type of process involved. In the context of PCS7 (Process Control System 7) for a pharmaceutical plant involving fermenters and process vessels, the Chain of Responsibility Pattern can be applied to handle various events or conditions in an automated station. This implementation provides a modular and extensible way to handle different events in the automated station, ensuring that each aspect of the process is addressed by the appropriate control module. New handlers can be added or existing ones modified without affecting the overall structure of the PCS7 control logic, enhancing the flexibility and maintainability of the automation system in the pharmaceutical plant.

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Stefan S.

Consultant Manager p? Consid ???? Specializing in scalable process automation solutions, event-driven architectures, and team leadership. Proud Camunda Champion.
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In my experience the are also some drawbacks when using this pattern. Downsides of the Factory Pattern in software engineering include increased complexity, maintenance overhead, rigidity in accommodating new products, abstraction overhead, a potential learning curve for developers, and possible runtime overhead, especially when using reflection or dynamic class instantiation. It's crucial to carefully assess these drawbacks and consider alternative patterns based on the specific project requirements.

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Gyan Ranjan Biswal

Academician, Administrator, Researcher, and Consultant (AARC) Associate Professor at VSSUT, Burla, Odisha
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As I convey in my previous presentation: for more information refer to Refer to international standards such as IEEE and ISA. 5. For more information you can refer to articles like doi: 10.3390/en12101957; doi: 10.1109/TIE.2011.2134059; doi: 10.1109/MIE.2012.2231728

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2 Strategy Pattern

The strategy pattern is a behavioral design pattern that allows you to define a family of algorithms or actions that can be interchanged at runtime. Instead of hard-coding the algorithm or action in your code, you encapsulate it in a separate class or function that implements a common interface or abstract class. This way, you can vary the algorithm or action independently from the context that uses it, and make your code more modular and extensible. For example, you can use the strategy pattern to define different strategies for handling errors, exceptions, or failures in your automation tasks, such as retrying, logging, notifying, aborting, etc. You can also use the strategy pattern to define different strategies for validating, filtering, or transforming the data that you automate, such as regex, parsing, formatting, etc.

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Stefan S.

Consultant Manager p? Consid ???? Specializing in scalable process automation solutions, event-driven architectures, and team leadership. Proud Camunda Champion.
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This is a tricky but nice pattern when applied correctly. Downsides of the Strategy Pattern include increased class count due to the introduction of multiple strategy classes, potential complexity in choosing and managing strategies, and the need for clients to be aware of and select appropriate strategies. Additionally, modifying or adding strategies might require changes to the client code, potentially violating the open/closed principle. It's essential to balance the benefits of flexibility with the associated complexities and carefully consider when and where to apply the Strategy Pattern.

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Pramod Ekunde

Sr.Automation Engineer at Givaudan
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Strategy pattern?is a behavioral design pattern that allows the behavior of an object to be selected at runtime. It is one of the Gang of Four (GoF) design patterns, which are widely used in object-oriented programming. The Strategy pattern is based on the idea of encapsulating a family of algorithms into separate classes that implement a common interface. The pattern consists of three main components: the Context, the Strategy, and the Concrete Strategy.

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Martin Luther C. e Silva

CEO e Influenciador RPA na Biti9 | Scale-Up Endeavor 2023
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Para esse modelo, é necessário estabelecer uma suite de tecnologia e objetivo de uso de cada uma. O sucesso do padr?o depende fortemente de um time técnico sênior, uma sele??o adequada de solu??o definida por arquitetos de software experientes e alinhados ao plano diretor de tecnologia. Recomenda-se esse modelo para empresas em fase de transforma??o, com um time de tecnologia robusto e maduro, capaz de desdobrar a estratégia da empresa em um design de tecnologia padronizado.

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Charles Araújo

Técnico Automa??o sênior na Cast group | Manuten??o preventiva, Automa??o Industrial
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Alguns padr?es comuns incluem o padr?o Strategy, que permite definir uma família de algoritmos, encapsulá-los e torná-los intercambiáveis.

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Hugo Vasconcelos
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O padr?o de estratégia normalmente é um usado padr?o de design comportamental que permite definir uma família de algoritmos ou a??es que podem ser trocadas em tempo de execu??o. Em vez de codificar o algoritmo ou a a??o em seu código, você o encapsula em uma classe ou fun??o separada que implementa uma interface comum ou classe abstrata. Fácil de aplicar e com resultados muito rápidos e precisos.

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3 Observer Pattern

The observer pattern is a behavioral design pattern that allows you to define a one-to-many dependency between objects, such that when one object changes its state, all the dependent objects are notified and updated automatically. Instead of coupling the objects directly, you use a subject or publisher class that maintains a list of observers or subscribers that register or unregister themselves. This way, you can achieve loose coupling and high cohesion between the objects, and make your code more responsive and dynamic. For example, you can use the observer pattern to implement event-driven automation, where you trigger certain actions or tasks based on the occurrence of specific events or changes in the system, such as file creation, modification, deletion, etc. You can also use the observer pattern to implement notification systems, where you send alerts or messages to the relevant stakeholders or users based on the status or results of your automation tasks, such as email, SMS, push notification, etc.

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Kauê Koschitz Roratto

Engenheiro Eletricista | Perito Judicial | Inspetor CREA-SC | Especialista em Automa??o e Refrigera??o
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This is a very interesting tool to use, especially in processes where routine changes and modifications occur over time. This design pattern minimizes the chance of errors in your software and the system stopping due to basic functionality.

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Martin Luther C. e Silva

CEO e Influenciador RPA na Biti9 | Scale-Up Endeavor 2023
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Para um estrutura de tecnologia descentralizada, o padr?o observador demanda um mapeamento de processos mais amplo e com desdobramento em níveis de subprocessos, atividades e tarefas. Para esse modelo é necessário que os profissionais sejam experientes e generalistas, pois os grupos de trabalho s?o reduzidos e as entregas s?o fracionadas e validadas em cada intera??o entre o time de TI e Negócios. Recomendo esse modelo para empresas com muitas oportunidades de automa??o em níveis de tarefa, com estrutura própria de processos, mas sem equipe de automa??o para acelerar a jornada. Importante, ao optar por esta forma PDCA e retrospectivas constante s?o fundamentais.

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Charles Araújo

Técnico Automa??o sênior na Cast group | Manuten??o preventiva, Automa??o Industrial
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O padr?o Observer é útil para notificar objetos sobre mudan?as em outros objetos, o que pode ser útil em processos de automa??o.

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4 Decorator Pattern

The decorator pattern is a structural design pattern that allows you to add new functionality or behavior to an existing object without modifying its structure or subclassing it. Instead, you use a decorator class or function that wraps the original object and implements the same interface or abstract class. This way, you can enhance the object's functionality or behavior dynamically and transparently, and make your code more flexible and reusable. For example, you can use the decorator pattern to add logging, auditing, or monitoring features to your automation tasks, without changing their core logic or functionality. You can also use the decorator pattern to add security, authentication, or authorization features to your automation tasks, without compromising their performance or reliability.

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Ronald R. Razon CAT, FA

Packaged App Development Team Lead ISL Team Lead BHE FP&A Team Lead NVIePBCS Consultant TechnipFMC Hyperion
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It is easy and allows you to change the data without modifying the code or scripts which you can also reuse the same pattern for other or different data sets. You may also use this for automating the process relevant to the system you are using.

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Felipe Pereira

Desenvolvedor RPA Senior | Automation Anywhere | UiPath | RPA Python | Microsoft Power Automate
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The Decorator pattern is useful for dynamically adding responsibilities to objects, avoiding the need for creating subclasses for every combination of behaviors. It provides a flexible and extensible solution for object composition. The pattern includes a common interface (Component) for objects, an implementation of that interface (ConcreteComponent), a decorator (Decorator) maintaining a reference to the Component, and a concrete decorator (ConcreteDecorator) adding responsibilities. This allows the creation of objects with diverse behaviors in a modular and scalable manner.

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Martin Luther C. e Silva

CEO e Influenciador RPA na Biti9 | Scale-Up Endeavor 2023
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Modelo Decorador pode trazer muita velocidade e resultado prático as automa??es após sua entrega, adicionando valor a elas. Este modelo demanda profissionais experientes em sustenta??o e gest?o de automa??es, para que as a??es adicionais gerem de fato resultados práticos. Recomendo este modelo para opera??es de parque de automa??es que adotaram o modelo de entrega via fábrica ou observador.

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5 Template Method Pattern

The template method pattern is a behavioral design pattern that allows you to define the skeleton or steps of an algorithm or process in a base class or function, and defer some of the details or variations to the subclasses or functions that override or implement them. Instead of duplicating the code or logic in each subclass or function, you use a template method that calls the abstract or hook methods that are defined or customized by the subclasses or functions. This way, you can avoid code duplication and inconsistency, and make your code more consistent and robust. For example, you can use the template method pattern to implement a common workflow or pipeline for your automation tasks, such as initialization, execution, validation, cleanup, etc. You can also use the template method pattern to implement a common interface or protocol for your automation tasks, such as input, output, parameters, return values, etc.

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Shreekant Mandvikar

I help companies automate business processes using Intelligent automation
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Scalability is often overlooked during design irrespective of designs. RPA platforms do provide work queue management etc .. which can make it possible, but have high failure rate making it difficult to use. Many organizations build their own in-house work distribution mechanism for bots depending on their infrastructure and resource limitations.

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Martin Luther C. e Silva

CEO e Influenciador RPA na Biti9 | Scale-Up Endeavor 2023
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A utiliza??o de modelos, templates ou modulares, permitem entregas de automa??es reaplicáveis e reutilizáveis parcial ou integralmente. Como por exemplo login em sistemas, leitura de documentos, processamento e transforma??o de dados. Recomendo este padr?o para empresas com centro de servi?os compartilhados ou estrutura processuais bem definidas e maduras.

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Vikas G Patil

DeltaV Pharma Batch I Process Automation I GAMP5
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The Template Pattern is can be effectively utilized to streamline process automation programming. This pattern is particularly valuable when there are recurring steps in the automation process that follow a predefined structure or sequence. Here's how the Template Pattern can be leveraged for process automation programming: 1. Standardized Workflow Definition 2. Class based Common Implementation 3. Support Modules or Subclasses for Customization. In summary, this design patterns serves as an instrumental tool for streamlining process automation programming by enabling the creation of standardized, reusable templates that encapsulate common logic, while allowing for customization and flexibility in specific process variations.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Matías Tamborrino
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La implementación del "Patrón de Método de Plantilla" es esencial para agilizar la programación en Process Automation. Este patrón establece una estructura base para algoritmos, permitiendo que pasos específicos sean implementados por subclases. Al aplicar este patrón, se logra una mayor eficiencia al definir la lógica común del proceso en una clase principal y delegar detalles particulares a subclases especializadas. Esto no solo mejora la reutilización del código, sino que también simplifica el desarrollo al proporcionar una estructura predefinida. Además, facilita la comprensión y colaboración entre desarrolladores, optimizando el tiempo de programación en el ámbito de la automatización de procesos.

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Mbacke Ndao

Industry 4.0 | SCADA | Automation | Digital Transformation
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Sin duda lo patrones de dise?o nos ayudan a trabajar de manera más eficiente evitando duplicar codigo, testeando de manera consitente y ordenada y facilitando el mantenimiento de nuestras pruebas funcionales automatizadas para nuestra app o web.

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What design patterns can you use to streamline Process Automation programming?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Factory Pattern

2 Strategy Pattern

3 Observer Pattern

4 Decorator Pattern

5 Template Method Pattern

6 Here’s what else to consider

Process Automation

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What design patterns can you use to streamline Process Automation programming?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Factory Pattern

2 Strategy Pattern

3 Observer Pattern

4 Decorator Pattern

5 Template Method Pattern

6 Here’s what else to consider

Process Automation

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