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What are the best ways to incorporate design research into architectural projects?

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Design research is a crucial part of any architectural project, as it helps to understand the needs, preferences, and behaviors of the users, clients, and stakeholders. Design research can also provide insights into the context, culture, and environment of the site, as well as the technical, functional, and aesthetic aspects of the design. However, design research can be challenging to incorporate into the architectural process, especially when dealing with complex, multidisciplinary, and dynamic problems. How can you make design research more effective, efficient, and engaging for your architectural projects? Here are some of the best ways to do so.

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1 Define your research question

The first step to incorporate design research into your architectural project is to define your research question. This is the main problem or issue that you want to address with your design, and it should be clear, specific, and relevant. Your research question should guide your research objectives, methods, and outcomes, and help you to focus on the most important aspects of your project. You can use tools such as problem statements, design briefs, or SMART goals to help you formulate your research question.

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Marta Jasinowska-Czapska

Owner at MOYA ENGINEERING
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At Moya Engineering, we have developed a working methods over the years, because we know how important it is to define and formulate key questions when starting work on a project. Below are some points on which we start our search work: Define research purpose aligning with project goals. Identify stakeholder needs and align goals accordingly. Formulate focused research questions. Ensure realistic, achievable goals within project constraints. Establish measurable success criteria. Remain open to goal refinement based on findings, maintaining relevance. Ensure ethical, respectful research questions. Defining clear goals provides focused direction, improving the quality of research outputs and driving informed design decisions.

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Dr. SE. Safa Alkhawad

Architecture & Planning Specialist | Project Manager (PhD, MBA) | QHSE Advisor (QMS 9001?, EMS 14001?, H&SMS 45001?, RMS 31001?, PMP 21500?, BCMS 22301?), L6S (GB?, BB?) | Mentor (SME’s, Individuals) | LinkedIn Top Voice
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The research question? must emerge from the research ?? issue or problem of architectural design or the problem to be addressed. It does not have to be a single question; it can be several questions or one main question, and a number of sub-questions emerge from it, especially with complex, multidisciplinary, and dynamic problems.

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2 Choose your research methods

The next step is to choose your research methods, which are the ways you will collect, analyze, and interpret data for your project. There are many types of research methods, such as surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, case studies, or literature reviews, and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. You should select the methods that best suit your research question, objectives, and resources, and that can provide you with reliable, valid, and relevant data. You should also consider the ethical implications of your research methods, and obtain the necessary permissions and consent from your participants.

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James Fleming

Owner at James Fleming, Architect
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Years ago, I had the opportunity to design a beach/pool cabana for a private club. The venerable old main house was Victorian in design, and dated from that era. Design research started with that generalized era, and what in this metropolitan area had relevence in design, use, most importanly waterside use. What experience was "happiest " about it? Interviews with users of the facilty also were able to articulate use, visual references, personalized histories where user common ground could be culled, and user experience would be used to recreate the experience they knew, overall. Bathouses on nearby shores and popular beaches all fed the design, but user input was indispensible shaping the final design.

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3 Plan your research activities

The third step is to plan your research activities, which are the specific tasks and steps you will take to conduct your research. You should create a detailed and realistic plan that outlines the scope, timeline, budget, and responsibilities of your research activities, and that aligns with your project goals and constraints. You should also define the criteria and indicators that you will use to measure the success and impact of your research activities, and how you will document and report your findings. You can use tools such as Gantt charts, work breakdown structures, or logic models to help you plan your research activities.

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4 Engage your research participants

The fourth step is to engage your research participants, who are the people who will provide you with data, feedback, or input for your project. They can be your users, clients, stakeholders, or experts, and they can have different roles, perspectives, and expectations. You should identify and recruit your research participants based on your research question, objectives, and methods, and ensure that they represent a diverse and relevant sample of your target population. You should also communicate and interact with your research participants in a respectful, empathetic, and collaborative way, and create a positive and meaningful experience for them.

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Scott Conwell, FAIA, FCSI, LEED AP

Architect | Influencer | Champion of good design and qualified labor. My feed contains inspiration and education on tile, stone, masonry, and terrazzo on behalf of BAC craftworkers and contractors.
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When conducting design research, consider engaging trade associations. Associations like International Masonry Institute, for example, can offer physical resources like laboratory or training space, building materials, and labor to construct test mockups. Associations can also offer the insights of skilled tradespeople, providing valuable perspectives architects seldom have the chance to hear. Many associations are eager to work with architects when it comes to developing new products or technologies that could result in improvements to traditional materials and methods.

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5 Analyze your research data

The fifth step is to analyze your research data, which are the information and evidence that you have collected from your research methods. You should organize, sort, and filter your data according to your research objectives, criteria, and indicators, and look for patterns, trends, and insights that can help you answer your research question. You should also validate, triangulate, and synthesize your data from different sources, methods, and perspectives, and avoid biases, errors, or assumptions that can affect your analysis. You can use tools such as charts, graphs, tables, or matrices to help you analyze your research data.

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6 Communicate your research outcomes

The final step is to communicate your research outcomes, which are the results and implications of your research for your project. You should present and share your research outcomes in a clear, concise, and compelling way, and use visual, verbal, or written formats that suit your audience, purpose, and context. You should also highlight the key findings, insights, and recommendations that can inform and inspire your design decisions, and show how your research outcomes address your research question and objectives. You can use tools such as reports, presentations, posters, or prototypes to help you communicate your research outcomes.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best ways to incorporate design research into architectural projects?

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1 Define your research question

2 Choose your research methods

3 Plan your research activities

4 Engage your research participants

5 Analyze your research data

6 Communicate your research outcomes

7 Here’s what else to consider

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