Last updated on 2024年6月5日

What are the best practices for reporting statistical significance in research papers?

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Understanding the importance of statistical significance in research is crucial for both conducting and presenting your studies. When you're diving into the data, it's not just about whether the results are interesting; it's about whether they are statistically significant. This means that the findings are not likely to have occurred by chance alone. To ensure your research is taken seriously, you need to report statistical significance correctly. This article will guide you through the best practices for doing just that, helping you communicate your results with clarity and precision.

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Provide exact p-values:

Incorporating precise p-values in your research papers gives readers a clear idea of how strong your evidence is. This transparency helps others understand the likelihood of your findings and bolsters trust in your work.
Discuss effect size:

When reporting statistical significance, it's important to consider the effect size. Even with significant p-values, if the effect size is small, it may not be practically meaningful. Always include this to give context to your results.

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Edilson Guimar?es

Enfermeiro de cuidados intensivos no…

1 Define Terms

When reporting statistical significance, it's essential to define any technical terms you use. P-values, for example, should be explained as the probability that the observed results, or more extreme, would occur if the null hypothesis were true. Avoid assuming that your readers are familiar with all statistical jargon. Instead, provide clear definitions to make your paper accessible to a wider audience, including those who may not have a deep background in statistics.

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Edilson Guimar?es

Enfermeiro de cuidados intensivos no Hospital Lifecenter
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A determina??o do "P" significativo pode iniciar uma alegria ao identificarmos o resultado, mas n?o devemos nos ater a isto. Devemos levar em considera??o o tamanho de efeito. Em muitas situa??es onde o P parece significativo o tamanho do efeito é pequeno ou insignificante, o que mostra erros no método, no teste realizado ou na amostra. Mesmo para o tamanho do efeito devemos escolher o teste correto e de acordo com os pressupostos destes. Já vi alguns artigos publicados onde foi utilizado ANOVA quando se deveria utilizar GEE e tamanho do efeito suprimido pois era baixo.

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Luciano Duro

Professor e Coordenador do Curso de Medicina da UNIVATES
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Mais importante é que significancia estatística de dados mal coletados é pior que dados bem coletados sem significancia, porque leva a más interpreta??es, aumentando os riscos de danos. Agora, pensando na quest?o de pesquisa e considerando dados bem coletados, demonstrar o valor-p sozinho, n?o dá a magnitude do que se encontrou. O valor do intervalo de confian?a é mais importante, pois te ajuda a refletir que a magnitude do efeito pode n?o ser t?o importante dependendo do contexto.

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Franco Sasso Videla

Consultor en Opinión Pública, Relaciones Internacionales y Defensa. Licenciado en Sociología - UBA. Docente universitario en Sociología, Fsoc-UBA
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Si lo que nos interesa es informar a una persona que no tiene un conocimiento sobre estadística infernencial, deberíamos de antemano explicar que es la signifiación estadística en general. Si es este concepto es comprendido a nivel conceptual, podrán entenderse sus conclusiones a pesar de no conocer la terminología específica.

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2 Choose Thresholds

Selecting an appropriate threshold for significance is a critical step. Typically, a p-value of 0.05 is considered the standard cutoff for significance, but this can vary depending on your field of study. Explain the rationale behind the threshold you choose and consider the context of your research. In some cases, you may need a more stringent level, such as 0.01, to account for multiple comparisons or a particularly impactful claim.

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Franco Sasso Videla

Consultor en Opinión Pública, Relaciones Internacionales y Defensa. Licenciado en Sociología - UBA. Docente universitario en Sociología, Fsoc-UBA
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A la hora de pensar en ejercicios para introducir alumnos en la tematica se puede pensar en un alfa de 0.0455, similar a 0.05, pero que nos da un Z = 2 y esto nos permite simplificar algunas cuentas.

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??Ali Khreiss??

??Statistician|?? SPSS| ??Statistics|?? Projects| | ??AMOS SEM |?? STATA I Teaching?? |Consultant??| Trainer??| Workshops???|Freelance??
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Traditional null hypothesis significance testing with a two-sided alternative and a critical level of significance of 0.05 should be used for all sample size calculations and analyses, a p<0.05 is deemed statistically significant

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3 Report P-Values

Always provide the exact p-values when reporting statistical significance, rather than just stating that results are "significant" or "not significant." This gives readers a more precise understanding of how likely it is that your results could have occurred under the null hypothesis. It also allows others to interpret the strength of your evidence more accurately and fosters transparency in your research.

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4 Discuss Context

Discuss the context of your findings and how statistical significance relates to practical significance. Sometimes, a result can be statistically significant but have little real-world relevance. It's important to address this distinction to avoid overstating the implications of your study. Provide insight into what your results mean in the broader scope of the field and how they can be applied or further investigated.

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5 Address Limitations

It's crucial to address any limitations that affect the interpretation of your statistical significance. This includes potential confounding variables, sample size considerations, and the study design itself. By acknowledging these factors, you demonstrate a thorough understanding of your research's scope and the robustness of your findings, enhancing your paper's credibility.

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6 Use Visuals

Visual aids can greatly enhance the presentation of statistical significance in your paper. Use graphs and charts to illustrate your results clearly and concisely. Ensure that these visuals include necessary information, such as confidence intervals and effect sizes, to provide a complete picture of your data. Visuals should complement the text, not replace it, so be sure to reference them appropriately in your narrative.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best practices for reporting statistical significance in research papers?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Define Terms

2 Choose Thresholds

3 Report P-Values

4 Discuss Context

5 Address Limitations

6 Use Visuals

7 Here’s what else to consider

Statistics

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What are the best practices for reporting statistical significance in research papers?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Define Terms

2 Choose Thresholds

3 Report P-Values

4 Discuss Context

5 Address Limitations

6 Use Visuals

7 Here’s what else to consider

Statistics

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