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What are the best practices for ensuring quality of service in a LAN?

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Quality of service (QoS) is the ability to provide different levels of performance and reliability for different types of network traffic. QoS is essential for ensuring that critical applications, such as voice and video, have enough bandwidth and low latency, while less important traffic, such as file transfers and web browsing, do not interfere with them. In a local area network (LAN), where multiple devices share the same physical or wireless medium, QoS can be achieved by using various methods and protocols. Here are some of the best practices for ensuring QoS in a LAN.

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Edgar Castillo

Product Engineer at TP-Link | Technical Support, Product Management

1 Identify traffic types and priorities

The first step to implement QoS in a LAN is to identify the different types of traffic that flow through the network and assign them different priorities based on their importance and sensitivity. For example, voice and video traffic usually have the highest priority, followed by interactive applications, such as email and chat, and then by bulk data transfers, such as backups and downloads. Priorities can be expressed by using numerical values, such as 0 to 7, or by using labels, such as best effort, critical, or real-time.

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Edgar Castillo

Product Engineer at TP-Link | Technical Support, Product Management
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La identificación de los tipos de tráfico y las prioridades es un paso fundamental para implementar QoS en una LAN. En general, el tráfico se puede clasificar en tres categorías principales: voz y vídeo, interactivo y datos. El tráfico de voz y vídeo suele tener la máxima prioridad, seguido del tráfico interactivo y luego del tráfico de datos. Al asignar prioridades, es importante considerar la cantidad de tráfico de cada tipo y el horario de uso. Si hay mucho tráfico de un tipo específico, puede ser necesario asignarle una prioridad más alta para evitar que afecte al rendimiento de otras aplicaciones.

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2 Mark traffic at the source

The second step to implement QoS in a LAN is to mark the traffic at the source, which can be either the end device, such as a phone or a computer, or the edge switch, which is the first switch that connects to the end device. Marking traffic means adding a tag or a header to the packets that indicate their priority and class. For example, IP packets can be marked by using the differentiated services code point (DSCP) field, which is a 6-bit value that defines 64 possible classes. Ethernet frames can be marked by using the 802.1p field, which is a 3-bit value that defines 8 possible priorities.

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Edgar Castillo

Product Engineer at TP-Link | Technical Support, Product Management
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La marcación de tráfico en el origen es un proceso fundamental para implementar QoS en una LAN. Consiste en asignar una etiqueta o encabezado a los paquetes que indican su prioridad y clase. La marcación se puede realizar en el dispositivo final o en el conmutador perimetral. La marcación de tráfico en el origen ofrece una serie de beneficios, entre los que se incluyen: Mejora del rendimiento de las aplicaciones críticas: La marcación permite que el tráfico de aplicaciones críticas, como voz y vídeo, tenga prioridad sobre el tráfico de menor prioridad. Mayor eficiencia de la red: La marcación puede ayudar a optimizar el uso de la red, asignando ancho de banda a los tipos de tráfico que lo necesitan más.

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3 Apply traffic policies at the switches

The third step to implement QoS in a LAN is to apply traffic policies at the switches, which are the devices that forward packets between different segments of the network. Traffic policies are rules that specify how to handle different types of traffic based on their markings. For example, traffic policies can define how much bandwidth to allocate, how to queue and schedule packets, how to drop or reshape packets, and how to remark packets for the next hop. Traffic policies can be applied at the ingress or egress ports of the switches, or at both.

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Edgar Castillo

Product Engineer at TP-Link | Technical Support, Product Management
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Importancia de las políticas de tráfico Las políticas de tráfico son importantes para garantizar que las aplicaciones críticas reciban el rendimiento que necesitan, incluso en condiciones de congestión. Por ejemplo, las políticas de tráfico pueden utilizarse para: Garantizar que las llamadas telefónicas y las conferencias web se entreguen sin interrupciones. Asegurar que los juegos en línea se jueguen sin retrasos. Priorizar el tráfico de aplicaciones de seguridad, como los antivirus.

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4 Monitor and troubleshoot QoS performance

The fourth step to implement QoS in a LAN is to monitor and troubleshoot QoS performance, which is the process of measuring and analyzing the impact of QoS on the network traffic and the applications. Monitoring QoS performance can help to verify that the QoS policies are working as expected, to identify and resolve any issues or bottlenecks, and to optimize and adjust the QoS settings as needed. Some of the tools and methods that can be used to monitor and troubleshoot QoS performance are network analyzers, SNMP, NetFlow, ping, traceroute, and packet capture.

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5 Review and update QoS policies

The fifth step to implement QoS in a LAN is to review and update QoS policies, which is the process of evaluating and modifying the QoS policies based on the changing needs and requirements of the network and the applications. Reviewing and updating QoS policies can help to ensure that the QoS policies are aligned with the business goals and objectives, to accommodate new or modified traffic types and priorities, and to improve the QoS performance and efficiency. Some of the factors that can trigger a review and update of QoS policies are network growth, application changes, user feedback, and QoS reports.

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6 Learn and apply QoS best practices

The sixth and final step to implement QoS in a LAN is to learn and apply QoS best practices, which are the general guidelines and recommendations that can help to design and implement QoS policies effectively and consistently. Some of the QoS best practices are to use a consistent and standardized QoS model, such as the Cisco QoS model, to mark traffic as close to the source as possible, to use hierarchical QoS to apply different levels of QoS at different layers of the network, to use end-to-end QoS to coordinate QoS across different domains and technologies, and to document and test QoS policies before deployment.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best practices for ensuring quality of service in a LAN?

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1 Identify traffic types and priorities

2 Mark traffic at the source

3 Apply traffic policies at the switches

4 Monitor and troubleshoot QoS performance

5 Review and update QoS policies

6 Learn and apply QoS best practices

7 Here’s what else to consider

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