What are the best practices for deploying FTTH networks in multi-dwelling units?

1 Choose the right network architecture

When deploying FTTH networks in MDUs, one of the first decisions to make is choosing the right network architecture. The three main types are point-to-point (P2P), point-to-multipoint (P2MP), and hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC). Each has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the size, layout, and demand of the MDU. For instance, P2P architecture offers the highest bandwidth, security, and flexibility but requires more fiber cables, splitters, and connectors which can make installation and management costly and complex. P2MP architecture reduces the number of fiber cables, splitters, and connectors but reduces bandwidth, security, and flexibility for each end user as they share the same fiber cable. HFC architecture uses a combination of fiber and coaxial cables which can leverage existing coaxial infrastructure in the MDU but introduces additional equipment such as amplifiers and converters which can degrade signal quality and reliability. Ultimately, the choice of network architecture depends on factors such as number of units, distance between units, bandwidth demand, budget, and availability of existing infrastructure. For example, P2P may be more suitable for small or medium-sized MDUs with high bandwidth demand and no existing infrastructure while HFC may be more suitable for large or old MDUs with low bandwidth demand and existing coaxial infrastructure.

2 Select the appropriate technology

When deploying FTTH networks in MDUs, it is important to select the appropriate technology, which determines how the data is transmitted over the fiber cables. There are two main types of technologies for FTTH networks in MDUs: active optical network (AON) and passive optical network (PON). Each of these technologies has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the network architecture and the performance requirements. AON technology uses active devices, such as switches and routers, to transmit data over the fiber cables which allows for more control, flexibility, and scalability but consumes more power, generates more heat, and requires more maintenance. On the other hand, PON technology uses passive devices such as splitters and combiners to transmit data over the fiber cables which consumes less power, generates less heat, and requires less maintenance but offers less control, flexibility, and scalability. The selection of technology depends on several factors such as the network architecture, the bandwidth demand, the power consumption, the maintenance cost, and the future expansion. For instance, AON technology may be more compatible with P2P architecture since it can provide more bandwidth, security, and flexibility for each end user while PON technology may be more compatible with P2MP architecture since it can reduce the power consumption, heat generation, and maintenance cost for multiple end users.

3 Follow the best installation practices

The final step to deploy FTTH networks in MDUs is to adhere to the best installation practices, which guarantee that fiber cables are properly installed, tested, and safeguarded. Beforehand, it is important to plan and coordinate with building owners, managers, and tenants to acquire the necessary permissions, access, and information while minimizing disruption. Additionally, a site survey and feasibility study should be conducted to evaluate the existing infrastructure, building layout, fiber route, network equipment, and potential challenges. High-quality and compatible fiber cables, connectors, splitters, and other components should be used to avoid signal loss or interference. Moreover, industry standards and best practices for fiber cable installation should be followed for quality assurance. To protect the fiber cables from physical or environmental hazards such as bending or water damage, cable trays or enclosures should be used. Finally, training and support for network operators, technicians, and end users should be provided so they can use the network efficiently. Deploying FTTH networks in MDUs can provide high-speed internet access to many customers while enhancing their satisfaction. By following the best practices for choosing the right architecture and technology, network engineers can successfully deploy FTTH networks in MDUs and overcome any technical or operational obstacles that may arise.

4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?