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What are the best methods for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs in product engineering?

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Product engineering is the process of designing, developing, and delivering products that meet customer needs and expectations. However, product engineering is not a linear or static process. It involves constant changes and trade-offs that affect the product's features, performance, cost, quality, and time to market. How can product engineers manage these changes and trade-offs effectively and efficiently? In this article, we will explore some of the best methods for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs in product engineering.

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Kyle Bettenhausen

Motivated Team Leader
Pablo Jaen-Sola

Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering PhD, FHEA, MIET

1 Define clear requirements and specifications

One of the first steps in product engineering is to define the requirements and specifications of the product. These are the criteria that describe what the product should do, how it should behave, and what standards it should meet. Requirements and specifications provide the basis for evaluating and validating the product design and its changes. Therefore, it is essential to define them clearly, accurately, and comprehensively. Moreover, it is important to involve all the relevant stakeholders, such as customers, users, engineers, managers, and suppliers, in the requirements and specifications definition process. This way, you can ensure that the product meets the needs and expectations of all parties and avoid unnecessary changes and conflicts later on.

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Kyle Bettenhausen

Motivated Team Leader
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This is critical to be able to execute a development project on time and on budget. Without this clear and complete requirements definition, it is very easy to allow the scope of work to grow out of control

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2 Use a systematic design process

Another method for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs is to use a systematic design process. A systematic design process is a structured and logical approach to product engineering that follows a series of steps, such as problem definition, concept generation, concept selection, concept evaluation, detailed design, prototyping, testing, and refinement. A systematic design process helps product engineers to organize their work, document their decisions, communicate their ideas, and justify their trade-offs. Moreover, a systematic design process helps product engineers to identify and address potential risks, issues, and opportunities that may arise during the product engineering process and to make informed and rational changes accordingly.

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Kyle Bettenhausen

Motivated Team Leader
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Especially during the concept generation and prototype phases, one can't be afraid of failure. As long as that failure teaches something, the design can be refined and critical failure prevented

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3 Apply engineering design principles

A third method for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs is to apply engineering design principles. Engineering design principles are the fundamental concepts and guidelines that govern the product engineering process and its outcomes. Some of the common engineering design principles are functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, simplicity, modularity, scalability, robustness, and sustainability. Engineering design principles help product engineers to achieve the optimal balance between the product's performance, quality, cost, and time to market. Moreover, engineering design principles help product engineers to evaluate and compare different design alternatives and to make consistent and coherent trade-offs that align with the product's requirements and specifications.

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Pablo Jaen-Sola

Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering PhD, FHEA, MIET
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One thing I found helpful was to define an appropriate testing strategy - design of experiments - in advance. The product needs to be designed considering the requirements but knowing how you are going to test the device in advance helps a lot during the design stage. This could also help considering other future situations. Design can be adapted to potential operations and maintenance tasks as well.

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Kyle Bettenhausen

Motivated Team Leader
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As the design is evolved, it's important to keep track of the requirements along the way and capture where the design does not meet, meets, or even exceeds. This is where the tradeoffs come in because very rarely will every single requirement be able to be perfectly satisfied

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Amit Gupta

Senior Vice President - Engineering | Fintech | BFSI | Digital Lending | SaaS | Java | AWS cloud
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Leveraging engineering design principles enables adept management of changes and trade-offs in product engineering. Prioritizing core functionalities, ensuring reliability, optimizing usability, enhancing efficiency, minimizing complexity, fostering modularity, ensuring scalability, promoting robustness, and considering sustainability aligns design alterations with an optimal balance of performance, quality, cost, and time to market. This comprehensive approach ensures adaptability, stability, and long-term success in product engineering, fostering resilience in the face of evolving requirements and market dynamics.

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4 Implement a change management system

A fourth method for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs is to implement a change management system. A change management system is a set of tools, procedures, and policies that regulate and control the changes that occur during the product engineering process. A change management system helps product engineers to track, document, review, approve, and implement the changes that affect the product's design, functionality, quality, cost, and time to market. Moreover, a change management system helps product engineers to communicate and coordinate the changes with all the relevant stakeholders, such as customers, users, engineers, managers, and suppliers, and to ensure that the changes are consistent and compatible with the product's requirements and specifications.

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5 Seek feedback and validation

A fifth method for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs is to seek feedback and validation. Feedback and validation are the processes of collecting and analyzing data and opinions from various sources, such as customers, users, engineers, managers, and suppliers, to assess and improve the product's design, functionality, quality, cost, and time to market. Feedback and validation help product engineers to identify and correct the errors, flaws, and gaps in the product's design and its changes. Moreover, feedback and validation help product engineers to verify and confirm that the product's design and its changes meet the requirements and specifications and satisfy the needs and expectations of all the parties involved.

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6 Learn and improve

A sixth method for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs is to learn and improve. Learning and improving are the processes of reflecting and acting on the lessons and insights gained from the product engineering process and its outcomes. Learning and improving help product engineers to enhance their skills, knowledge, and creativity in product engineering. Moreover, learning and improving help product engineers to optimize their methods, tools, and systems for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs and to increase their efficiency and effectiveness in product engineering.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best methods for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs in product engineering?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Define clear requirements and specifications

2 Use a systematic design process

3 Apply engineering design principles

4 Implement a change management system

5 Seek feedback and validation

6 Learn and improve

7 Here’s what else to consider

Product Engineering

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What are the best methods for managing engineering design changes and trade-offs in product engineering?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Define clear requirements and specifications

2 Use a systematic design process

3 Apply engineering design principles

4 Implement a change management system

5 Seek feedback and validation

6 Learn and improve

7 Here’s what else to consider

Product Engineering

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