What are the best lubrication and cooling practices for rotating equipment?

1 Lubrication basics

Lubrication is the process of reducing friction and wear between moving parts by introducing a fluid or a solid film between them. Lubrication can also provide other benefits, such as sealing, cleaning, corrosion protection, and noise reduction. The type and amount of lubricant required depend on various factors, such as the speed, load, temperature, and environment of the equipment. The most common lubricants for rotating equipment are oils and greases, which have different properties and advantages.

2 Cooling basics

Cooling is the process of removing excess heat from the equipment and maintaining a suitable temperature range for the lubricant and the components. Cooling can prevent thermal degradation, oxidation, and viscosity changes of the lubricant, as well as thermal expansion, distortion, and cracking of the components. The main methods of cooling rotating equipment are air cooling and water cooling, which have different requirements and limitations.

3 Lubrication selection

The first step in lubrication best practice is to select the appropriate lubricant for the specific equipment and application. This requires evaluating the viscosity of the lubricant, which is the measure of its resistance to flow, and should be compatible with the speed, load, temperature, and materials of the equipment. Additionally, it is important to consider the additives of the lubricant, which are substances that enhance or modify its performance. These should provide properties such as anti-wear, anti-oxidant, anti-foam, or anti-corrosion. Lastly, you should check for compatibility before changing or topping up the lubricant.

4 Lubrication application

The second step in lubrication best practice is to apply the lubricant in the correct way and amount. This requires consideration of the method of lubrication, the frequency of lubrication, and the quantity of lubricant. The method of lubrication can be manual or automatic, and can use oil cups, oil rings, oil mist, or grease guns. The frequency should be based on manufacturer's recommendations, operating conditions, and lubricant condition. The quantity should be enough to form a thin film but not too much to cause leakage, contamination, or overheating.

5 Cooling selection

The third step in cooling best practice is to select the appropriate cooling method and medium for the specific equipment and application. This involves taking into account the heat load of the equipment, which is established by measuring temperature rise, power input, and efficiency. Additionally, it is essential to consider the cooling capacity of the method, making sure it matches the heat load, as well as available space, cost, and maintenance. Finally, it is important to select a cooling medium that has suitable thermal and physical properties, such as specific heat, density, viscosity, and conductivity.

6 Cooling application

The fourth step in cooling best practice is to apply the cooling method and medium in the correct way and amount. This requires taking into account the location of the cooling, near the heat source but not interfering with the lubrication or operation of the equipment. Additionally, you should consider the optimal flow rate of the cooling medium that passes through the equipment, so as to achieve a desired temperature drop without causing erosion, cavitation, or pressure loss. Lastly, you must monitor and maintain the quality of the cooling medium to prevent contamination, corrosion, or fouling of the equipment.